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authorMarcus Brinkmann <marcus@gnu.org>2001-09-11 05:10:33 +0000
committerMarcus Brinkmann <marcus@gnu.org>2001-09-11 05:10:33 +0000
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
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-
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- <HEAD>
- <TITLE>GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
- <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:web-hurd@gnu.org">
- <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="hurd">
- </HEAD>
-
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE>The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
+<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:web-hurd@gnu.org">
+<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="hurd">
+</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" VLINK="#9900DD">
-<IMAGE SRC="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf_invert.jpg">
-<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="20">
+<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="15">
+<TR>
+<TD COLSPAN="2">
+<IMAGE SRC="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf.jpg" ALT=" [image of the Hurd logo] ">
+[
+ <A HREF="/software/hurd/hurd.html">English</A>
+]
+</TD>
+</TR>
<TR>
+<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" BGCOLOR="#eeeeee">
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/hurd.html"><STRONG>The&nbsp;GNU&nbsp;Hurd</STRONG></A></BR>
+&nbsp;<BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/docs.html">Documentation</A><BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/install.html">Installation</A><BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/help.html">Getting&nbsp;Help</A><BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/download.html">Download</A><BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/devel.html">Development</A><BR>
+<A HREF="/software/hurd/history.html">History</A>
+</UL>
+</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">
-<A HREF="hurd.html#contents"><STRONG>The GNU Hurd</STRONG></A><BR>
-<A HREF="learning-more-about-hurd.html#contents">About the Hurd</A><BR>
-<A HREF="learning-more-about-microkernels.html#contents">About Microkernels</A><BR>
+<HR>
<P>
-<A HREF="software.html#contents"><STRONG>Software</STRONG></A><BR>
-<A HREF="trying-out-hurd.html#contents">Trying out the Hurd</A><BR>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#contents">Getting Help</A><BR>
-<p>
-<a href="whatis">Whatis?</a><br>
-<a href="howto">Howto?</a><br>
-</p>
-
+<H4><A NAME="contents">Table of Contents</A></H4>
+<UL>
+ <LI><A HREF="#introduction" NAME="TOCintroduction">Introduction to the Hurd</A>
+ <LI><A HREF="#advantages" NAME="TOCadvantages">Advantages of the Hurd</A>
+ <LI><A HREF="#name" NAME="TOCname">What the Hurd means</A>
+ <LI><A HREF="#status" NAME="TOCstatus">Status of the project</A>
+</UL>
<P>
-<!---A HREF="mirrors.html#contents">Mirrors</A><BR--->
-<A HREF="acknowledgements.html#contents">Acknowledgements</A><BR>
-<!---A HREF="copyright.html#contents">Copyright Notice</A--->
-</TD>
-<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
-<A NAME="contents"><H1>GNU Hurd</H1></A>
-
-<H3>NEWS</h3>
-<p>November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site
-HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little
-while.<p>
-<H3>What is the Hurd?</H3>
+<HR>
-The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The
-Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement
-file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features
-that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux).
+<H4><A HREF="#TOCintroduction" NAME="introduction">Introduction to the Hurd</A></H4>
<P>
-Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably
-will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in
-the future.
+The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel.
+The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel
+to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and
+other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar
+kernels (such as Linux).
<P>
-The Hurd is part of the GNU, which is a complete free operating
-system. Since the Hurd is not in production use yet, the version of
-GNU that is popular today is <A HREF="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">
-GNU/Linux</A>, which uses Linux as the kernel instead of the Hurd.
-
-<H3>Advantages of the Hurd</H3>
-
-The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet
-(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features:
+Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and
+probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other
+microkernels in the future.
+<H4><A HREF="#TOCadvantages" NAME="advantages">Advantages of the Hurd</A></H4>
+The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet (yet),
+but it does have a number of enticing features:
<DL>
-
<DT><STRONG>it's free software</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the
-<A HREF="/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU
-General Public License (GPL)</A>.</DD>
-
+<A HREF="/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU General Public License (GPL)</A>.</DD>
<DT><STRONG>it's compatible</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
-The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all
-intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses
-the <A HREF="/software/libc/libc.html">GNU C Library</A>,
-whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO,
-BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
+The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For
+all intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The
+Hurd uses the <A HREF="/software/libc/libc.html">GNU C Library</A>,
+whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, BSD,
+POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
</DD>
-
<DT><STRONG>it's built to survive</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
-Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure
-that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure
-will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having
-to be entirely rewritten.
+Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented
+structure that allows it to evolve without compromising its design.
+This structure will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and
+modifications without having to be entirely rewritten.
</DD>
-
<DT><STRONG>it's scalable</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
-The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently
-on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces
-are designed to allow transparent network clusters (<I>collectives</I>),
-although this feature has not yet been implemented.
+The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs
+efficiently on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors.
+The Hurd interfaces are designed to allow transparent network clusters
+(<I>collectives</I>), although this feature has not yet been
+implemented.
</DD>
-
<DT><STRONG>it's extensible</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel
-hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of
-the system is designed to be modified and extended.
+hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part
+of the system is designed to be modified and extended.
</DD>
-
<DT><STRONG>it's stable</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
-It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting
-the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components
-doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges
-are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design:
-it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize
-them or you are the system administrator.
+It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without
+rebooting the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own
+kernel components doesn't interfere with other users, and so no
+special system privileges are required. The mechanism for kernel
+extensions is secure by design: it is impossible to impose your
+changes upon other users unless they authorize them or you are the
+system administrator.
</DD>
-
<DT><STRONG>it exists</STRONG></DT>
-
<DD>
-The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research
-project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start
-using and developing it.
+The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research
+project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can
+start using and developing it.
</DD>
-
</DL>
+<H4><A HREF="#TOCname" NAME="name">What the Hurd means</A></H4>
+According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd:
+<BLOCKQUOTE>
+`Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird'
+stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to
+my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually
+recursive acronyms.
+</BLOCKQUOTE>
-<H3>What the name ``Hurd'' means</H3>
-
-According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird'
-stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my
-knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually
-recursive acronyms.''
-
-<H3>Status of the project</H3>
-
-The last official release of the Hurd-based GNU system was the 0.2
-binary distribution of June 1997. At the moment, the Hurd developers
-and people from the Debian Project are assembling a new distribution
-which will be known as version 0.3. In parallel to that GNU/Linux
-distribution, the upcoming Hurd-based GNU distribution is called <A
-HREF="debian-gnu-hurd.html">Debian GNU/Hurd</A>.
+<H4><A HREF="#TOCstatus" NAME="status">Status of the project</A></H4>
<P>
-
-The new GNU/Hurd distribution will use the Debian package management
-system to ease installation and updating the system. This package
-management system is the same one used in Debian GNU/Linux
-distributions.
-
+The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library
+and the other GNU programs, provides a rather complete and usable
+operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there
+are still many bugs and missing features. However, it should be a
+good base for further development and non-critical application usage.
<P>
-
-These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready and
-quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that
-you use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version,
-because the newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable.
-
+The Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of
+the Hurd system from the Hurd itself). You can run several Hurd
+systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another Hurd
+with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it,
+and advanced server applications like Apache.
+<P>
+On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound
+cards) and other hardware is mostly missing. Although the POSIX
+interface is provided, some additional interfaces like POSIX threads,
+shared memories or semaphores are still under development.
<P>
+All this applies to the current development version, and not to the
+last release (0.2). We encourage everybody who is interested to try
+out the latest development version, and send feedback to the Hurd
+developers.
+</TD>
+</TR>
+</TABLE>
-<EM>Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the
-FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.</EM>
+<HR>
+
+[
+ <A HREF="/software/hurd/hurd.html">English</A>
+]
<HR>
-Return to <A HREF="/home.html" TARGET="_parent">GNU's home page</A>.
+<P>
+Return to <A HREF="/home.html">GNU's home page</A>.
<P>
Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries &amp; questions to
<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
-There are also <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo" TARGET="_parent">other ways to
+There are also <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to
contact</A> the FSF.
<P>
Please send comments on these web pages to
-<A HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org"><EM>webmasters@www.gnu.org</EM></A>,
+<A HREF="mailto:web-hurd@gnu.org"><EM>web-hurd@gnu.org</EM></A>,
send other questions to
<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
<P>
-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA
<P>
Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P>
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
+<P>
Updated:
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-29 Mar 2001 rms
-<!-- hhmts end -->
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date$ $Author$
+<!-- timestamp end -->
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