From 8b8ae811c7ff6731eb0867054a863fdc31593ba0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 05:10:33 +0000 Subject: Replace with a new version that uses the new files just added. --- hurd.html | 249 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------------- 1 file changed, 119 insertions(+), 130 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index d28a4d98..dd7947f8 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,195 +1,184 @@ - - - GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - - + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + - - +
+ + + + - + +
+ [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
+The GNU Hurd
+ 
+Documentation
+Installation
+Getting Help
+Download
+Development
+History + +		 -The GNU Hurd
-About the Hurd
-About Microkernels
+

-Software
-Trying out the Hurd
-Getting Help
-

-Whatis?
-Howto?
-

- +

Table of Contents

+

- -Acknowledgements
- -

 -

GNU Hurd

 - -

NEWS

-

November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site -HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little -while.

-

What is the Hurd?

+
-The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The -Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement -file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features -that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). +

Introduction to the Hurd

-Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably -will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in -the future. +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. +The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel +to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and +other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar +kernels (such as Linux).

-The Hurd is part of the GNU, which is a complete free operating -system. Since the Hurd is not in production use yet, the version of -GNU that is popular today is -GNU/Linux, which uses Linux as the kernel instead of the Hurd. - -

Advantages of the Hurd

- -The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet -(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: +Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and +probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other +microkernels in the future. +

Advantages of the Hurd

+The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet (yet), +but it does have a number of enticing features:
-
it's free software
-
Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the -GNU -General Public License (GPL).
- +GNU General Public License (GPL).
it's compatible
-
-The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all -intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses -the GNU C Library, -whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, -BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. +The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For +all intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The +Hurd uses the GNU C Library, +whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, BSD, +POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
-
it's built to survive
-
-Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure -that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure -will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having -to be entirely rewritten. +Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented +structure that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. +This structure will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and +modifications without having to be entirely rewritten.
-
it's scalable
-
-The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently -on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces -are designed to allow transparent network clusters (collectives), -although this feature has not yet been implemented. +The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs +efficiently on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. +The Hurd interfaces are designed to allow transparent network clusters +(collectives), although this feature has not yet been +implemented.
-
it's extensible
-
The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel -hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of -the system is designed to be modified and extended. +hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part +of the system is designed to be modified and extended.
-
it's stable
-
-It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting -the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components -doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges -are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: -it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize -them or you are the system administrator. +It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without +rebooting the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own +kernel components doesn't interfere with other users, and so no +special system privileges are required. The mechanism for kernel +extensions is secure by design: it is impossible to impose your +changes upon other users unless they authorize them or you are the +system administrator.
-
it exists
-
-The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research -project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start -using and developing it. +The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research +project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can +start using and developing it.
-
+

What the Hurd means

+According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd: +
+`Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' +stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to +my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually +recursive acronyms. +
-

What the name ``Hurd'' means

- -According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' -stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my -knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually -recursive acronyms.'' - -

Status of the project

- -The last official release of the Hurd-based GNU system was the 0.2 -binary distribution of June 1997. At the moment, the Hurd developers -and people from the Debian Project are assembling a new distribution -which will be known as version 0.3. In parallel to that GNU/Linux -distribution, the upcoming Hurd-based GNU distribution is called Debian GNU/Hurd. +

Status of the project

- -The new GNU/Hurd distribution will use the Debian package management -system to ease installation and updating the system. This package -management system is the same one used in Debian GNU/Linux -distributions. - +The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library +and the other GNU programs, provides a rather complete and usable +operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there +are still many bugs and missing features. However, it should be a +good base for further development and non-critical application usage.

- -These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready and -quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that -you use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, -because the newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. - +The Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of +the Hurd system from the Hurd itself). You can run several Hurd +systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another Hurd +with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, +and advanced server applications like Apache. +

+On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound +cards) and other hardware is mostly missing. Although the POSIX +interface is provided, some additional interfaces like POSIX threads, +shared memories or semaphores are still under development.

+All this applies to the current development version, and not to the +last release (0.2). We encourage everybody who is interested to try +out the latest development version, and send feedback to the Hurd +developers. +

-Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the -FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. +
+ +[ + English +]
-Return to GNU's home page. +

+Return to GNU's home page.

Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. -There are also other ways to +There are also other ways to contact the FSF.

Please send comments on these web pages to -webmasters@www.gnu.org, +web-hurd@gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

Updated: - -29 Mar 2001 rms - + +$Date$ $Author$ +

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