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[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
is included in the section entitled
[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]
# `cross-gnu`
[[Thomas_Schwinge|tschwinge]] has written a shell script for building a
complete cross-build environment for GNU/Hurd systems.
For now, find the shell scripts at
<http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu> and
<http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu-env>.
## Using
Read through it. Understand it. Only then use it by following the next steps.
/!\ Be made aware that -- while it is of course possible to build a working
cross-compiler -- this is not trivial to do. You'll have to patch source
packages. See the following list about needed patches, which have not yet been
installed in the upstream repositories.
### Supported Versions of Source Packages
The following ones are known to work. Others may work as well, but no
guarantee is given. Always the preferred version is listed first.
* `src/binutils`: [[GNU_Binutils|binutils]]
* CVS `binutils-2_18-branch`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src \
co -r binutils-2_18-branch binutils
$ mv src binutils-2_18-branch
* The 2.18 release tarball from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/> should
also be fine, as should be all other recent releases.
* `src/gcc`: [[GNU_Compiler_Collection|gcc]]
* SVN `gcc-4_1-branch`
$ svn co svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/branches/gcc-4_1-branch
* Recent releases of the 4.1 series from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/>
should also be fine.
* SVN `gcc-4_2-branch`
$ svn co svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/branches/gcc-4_2-branch
* Patches:
<http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2007-11/msg00034.html>
* Recent releases of the 4.2 series from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/>
should also be fine, but need the same set of patches as the
`gcc-4_2-branch` needs.
Support for the upcoming 4.3 series (`trunk`) is being worked on.
* `src/gnumach`: [[GNU_Mach|microkernel/mach/gnumach]]
* CVS `gnumach-1-branch`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd \
co -r gnumach-1-branch gnumach
$ mv gnumach gnumach-1-branch
* `src/mig`: [[GNU_Mach_Interface_Generator|microkernel/mach/mig]]
* CVS `HEAD`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co mig
* `src/hurd`: [[GNU_Hurd|hurd]]
* CVS `HEAD`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co hurd
* `src/glibc`: [[GNU_C_Library|glibc]]
* CVS `glibc-2_7-branch`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/glibc \
co -r glibc-2_7-branch glibc
$ mv libc glibc-2_7-branch
* Patches:
<http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2007-11/msg00030.html>
* Recent releases of the 2.7 series from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/>
should also be fine, but need the same set of patches as the
`glibc-2_7-branch` needs.
<!--
* CVS `HEAD`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/glibc \
co glibc
$ mv libc glibc-HEAD
* TODO.
<http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2007-11/msg00026.html>
-->
<!--
* `src/gdb`: [[GNU_Debugger|gdb]]
This is optional and will only be compiled if present.
* CVS `gdb_6_6-branch`
$ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src \
co -r gdb_6_6-branch gdb
$ mv src gdb_6_6-branch
Also needs some patch because of MIG changes, if I remember correctly.
* Recent tarballs from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/> should also work.
-->
### Preparation
Unpack the tarballs if you downloaded any.
Create a directory where the cross build shall be rooted in and a `src`
subdirectory in there. Then create symbolic links for every of the above
packages: from `src/PACKAGE` to where you stored or unpacked it. If you don't
intend to build several cross compilers or use the source trees otherwise, you
can also directly store the source trees in `src/`. The source trees can be
shared between multiple cross build trees since the packages' build systems are
supposed not to modify the files in the source trees. Not all packages adhere
to that, but they fail to do so only for pre-processed documentation, etc.
Either make sure that `cross-gnu-env` and `cross-gnu` are found in `$PATH`
(`~/bin/`, for example) or alternatively remember to use their full paths in
the following.
The system you're running the script on (the *build* system) needs to have a
basic compiling environment installed, i.e., a C compiler with the basic
libraries and `make`. You might also need `flex` and `bison`. For building
recent version of GCC (e.g., the upcoming 4.3, which is not yet supported)
you'll need to have development packages of GMP and MPFR installed.
### Setting Up the Environment
Do this every time you intend to use the cross compiler:
$ ROOT=to/the/cross/build/root
$ . cross-gnu-env
This will set several environment variables, which are later used by (a) the
`cross-gnu` script and (b) by you, the user of the cross compiler. `$TARGET`
will be set by the script, `$PATH` will be adjusted, etc. See the
`cross-gnu-env` file for all environment variables that are set, as well as
their default values. `$ROOT` will be made an absolute path if it isn't
already.
Later, you'll be able to do things like `../configure --host="$TARGET"` and the
cross compiler will be found automatically.
### Creating the Cross Build Environment
After setting up the environemt, just run `cross-gnu` and watch the messages
flow by. In the end you should see a message: *[...]/cross-gnu: Everything
should be in place now.*
### Staying Up-To-Date
You can re-run `cross-gnu` to rebuild the parts of the sources that have
changed since the last run. This will save a lot of time compared to starting
from scratch again. Also, it is especially useful if you aren't working with
unpacked tarballs, but on CVS's branches or want to quickly get a new tool
chain with patches you applied to the source trees. However: do *not* use this
technique when doing major changes to the source trees, like switching from GCC
4.0 to GCC 4.1.
#### Comment
Unfortunately the GNU Automake build system (which is used by GNU Mach's
`gnumach-1-branch`) will overwrite installed files (header files in this case
here), even if they didn't change. And because all packages' build systems are
using dependency tracking, a lot of files will be rebuilt each time `cross-gnu`
is re-run, even if the files themselves didn't change. Talk to [[tschwinge]]
if you want to work on fixing that -- it is already clear what needs to be
done, it just hasn't been done yet.
# References
* <http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2004-09/msg00030.html>
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