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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
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<HEAD>
<TITLE>GNU Hurd information - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org">
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" VLINK="#9900DD">
<H3>GNU Hurd information</H3>
<A HREF="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf.jpg"><IMG SRC="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf.jpg"
ALT=" [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] "
WIDTH="333" HEIGHT="80"> (jpeg 10k)</A>
<A HREF="/graphics/hurd_mf.jpg">(jpeg 20k)</A>
<A HREF="/philosophy/gif.html">no gifs due to patent problems</A>
<P>
The GNU Hurd is the <A HREF="/gnu/gnu-history.html">GNU project</A>'s
replacement for the architecture-independent services provided by the
Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on top of a
microkernel (such as Mach) to implement file systems, network
protocols, file access control, and other features.
<P>
<EM>NOTE:</EM> the Hurd still lacks many of the features you would
expect in a usable kernel, so please don't try using it unless you are
helping us to develop it. We will announce to the world when GNU 1.0
is ready, and at that point the Hurd will be a viable alternative to
Unix-like kernels such as Linux or the BSD kernel.
<P>
The current release of the Hurd is 0.2, released on June 12, 1997. See
the <A HREF="hurd-NEWS">NEWS file</A> for a list of changes and
improvements.
<P>
In addition, we have a separate distribution of the Hurd's current
microkernel, derived from the "Mach 4" distributions made by the
University of Utah. Our distribution is called GNU Mach, the latest
version is 1.1.3. See the <A HREF="mach-NEWS">NEWS file</A> for a list
of changes and improvements.
<P>
<EM>
Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF.
<BR>
The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.
</EM>
<P>
<H2>Binary Distributions</H2>
In June 1997, we released GNU 0.2, a complete system image for PC AT
compatibles with 386 or later compatible processors. This image
corresponded to version 0.2 of the Hurd. Unfortunately, GNU 0.2 did
not have a package management system, and so it was difficult to install
and upgrade.
<P>
As of July 1998, we have joined forces with the <A
HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian Project</A> in order to create a
new binary distribution. GNU 0.3 will look like a Debian GNU/Linux
system, but will be called <A
HREF="/software/hurd/debian-gnu-hurd.html">Debian GNU/Hurd</A> to
reflect the fact that it uses the Hurd running on Mach instead of Linux.
<P>
In the future, we plan on porting the Hurd to other kernels besides
GNU Mach. One possibility would be to modify Linux so that it is
capable of hosting the Hurd.
<P>
<H2>General Information</H2>
<A HREF="/graphics/hurd-logo-sm.jpg"><IMG SRC="/graphics/hurd-logo-sm.jpg"
ALT=" [a spherical Hurd logo] "
WIDTH="280" HEIGHT="182"> (jpeg 10k)</A>
<A HREF="/graphics/hurd-logo.jpg">(jpeg 44k)</A>
<P>
<DL>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-paper.html"><CITE>Towards
a New Strategy of OS Design.</CITE></A>
<DD>This paper also appeared in the
<A HREF="/bulletins/bull16.html">January 1994 GNU's Bulletin</A>.
<DT>The <A HREF="http://www.corridor.com/~sfavor/debian-gnu-hurd-faq/gnu-hurd-faq.html">GNU Hurd FAQ</A>.
<DT><A HREF="doc/doc.html">The GNU Hurd Reference Manual</A>
<DD>(draft from a recent release).
<DT><A HREF="hurd-and-linux.html">The relationship between the Hurd and Linux.</A>
<DT><A HREF="debian-gnu-hurd.html">The Debian GNU/Hurd project.</A>
<DT><A HREF="/prep/mailinglists.html">Mailing-lists</A> are available for the Hurd:
<DD><UL><LI>Report Hurd bugs to
<A HREF="mailto:bug-hurd@gnu.org">bug-hurd@gnu.org</A>.
<BR>Subscribe to the list by asking
<A HREF="mailto:bug-hurd-request@gnu.org">bug-hurd-request@gnu.org</A>.
<LI>For discussion of the Hurd, use the mailing list
<A HREF="mailto:help-hurd@gnu.org">help-hurd@gnu.org</A>.
<BR>
Subscribe to the list by asking
<A HREF="mailto:help-hurd-request@gnu.org">help-hurd-request@gnu.org</A>.
</UL>
<DT>The Hurd <A HREF="/prep/tasks.hurd.html">task list</A>.
<DT><A HREF="hurd-name.html">The meaning of the name "Hurd"</A>.
<DT><A HREF="byte-letter.txt">A letter to Byte magazine about the GNU Hurd</A>
<!-- uncomment and remove next line once todd's site comes on line grat 2.18.98
written by <A HREF="http://www.gov.com/t">Todd Hutchinson</A>.-->
written by Todd Hutchinson.
<!--
<DD><A HREF="http://www.sypher.com/tbm">Martin Michlmayr</A>
also mentioned the Hurd in
an article in UNIXopen
(<A HREF="http://www.sypher.com/tbm/Publications/Welcome.html">listing of
articles</A>).
-->
<DT><A HREF="hurd-migr">Some discussion of processes migration
with the Hurd</A>.<DD>
Some of the <A HREF="http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flexmach/">Mach
research at University of Utah</A> is also relevant.
<DT><A HREF="hurd-fs-org">Several messages about the filesystem
organization of the Hurd.</A>
</DL>
<P>
<H2>Where to Get it</H2>
Here are some FTP URL's for the Hurd, GNUmach, and complete GNU binary
distributions.
<DL>
<DT><a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/hurd-0.2.tar.gz">Hurd 0.2 source</a>
<DT><a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gnumach-1.1.3.tar.gz">GNUmach 1.1.3 source</a>
<DT> <a href="ftp://ftp.nop.or.jp/pub/gnu-0.2/XFree86/3.3.2/">Xfree86-3.3.2 ported to the GNU Hurd.</a> Here are the local <a href="/software/hurd/Xfree86.html">details</a> and file descriptions.
<p>
<DT><a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gnu-0.2/README">GNU 0.2 information</a>
<DT><a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gnu-0.2/">GNU 0.2 binary distribution</a>
<p>
<DT><a href="ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/">Directory of development snapshots.</a>
</DL>
<A HREF="debian-gnu-hurd.html">Debian GNU/Hurd</A> has not yet been released.
<P>
<H2>What if I'm having problems?</h2>
First, check the FAQ (see the pointers above.) This FAQ contains
excellent advice about partition naming and many other common
problems. Then try the help-hurd mailing list mentioned above.
<P>
<H2>Current and Past Announcements</H2>
<P>
These are all the announcements made over the years.
Most of them were either to <A HREF="news:gnu.announce">gnu.announce.</A>
<DL>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash15">Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system)</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash14">Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd)</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash13">Test release announcement (Aug 96)</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash12">Test release status (Jul 96)</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash11">Binary image available, Apr 96</A> <DD> This and
<A HREF="http://www.netbsd.org/">NetBSD</A> boot flopies should be enough
to get a working Hurd system!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash10">New Snapshot, Apr 96</A> -- NFS and lots else works!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash9">News Flash, Nov 95</A> -- ftp works!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash8">New Snapshot, Jul 95</A> -- ext2fs support
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash7">New Snapshot, Apr 95</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash6">News flash, Nov 94</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash5">News flash, Sep 94</A> -- gcc runs!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash4">News flash, Aug 94</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash3">News flash, Jul 94</A> -- emacs runs!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash2">News flash, May 94</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-flash">News flash, Apr 94</A> -- it boots!
<DT><A HREF="hurd-announce2">GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93</A>
<DT><A HREF="hurd-announce">GNU HURD announcement, May 91</A>
</DL>
<P>
<H2>Other stuff and related projects</H2>
<DL>
<DT><a href="http://www.uruk.org/grub/">Grub</a><DD> The GRand Unified
Bootloader, written by Erich Boleyn, is the standard boot loader used
for the Hurd.
<DT><a href="http://www.cs.hut.fi/lites.html">Lites</a><DD>
A free Mach single server, based on BSD 4.4 Lite.
<A HREF="http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flux/lites/html/">A
more recent version</A> is available from the Mach4 people (q.v.)
<DT><A HREF="http://www.cs.utah.edu/projects/flexmach/mach4/html/Mach4-proj.html">Mach 4.</A>
<DD>The Hurd currently runs on top of Mach. This page documents the Utah release of Mach, from which the GNU Mach distribution came.
<DT><A HREF="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/mach/public/www/mach.html">CMU CS Project Mach Home Page</A>
<DT><A HREF="http://www.osf.org/os/os.coll.papers/">OSF Operating Systems Collected Papers</A>
<DT><A HREF="http://www.gr.osf.org/mklinux/">Linux on the OSF Microkernel</A>
</DL>
<p>
Thanks to <A HREF="http://www.cs.pdx.edu:/~trent/">Trent Fisher</A> for
writing the initial version of this page, and to
<A HREF="mailto:teddy@fukt.hk-r.se">Teddy Hogeborn</A> for the
icon.
<HR>
Return to <A HREF="/home.html">GNU's home page</A>.
<P>
FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to
<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
Other <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo">ways to contact</A> the FSF.
<P>
Comments on these web pages to
<A HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org"><EM>webmasters@www.gnu.org</EM></A>,
send other questions to
<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
<P>
Copyright (C) 1996 Trent Fisher
<BR>
Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA
<P>
Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P>
Updated:
<!-- hhmts start -->
19 Aug 1998 gord
<!-- hhmts end -->
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