19 files changed, 193 insertions, 366 deletions
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas.mdwn
index 7338d57b..0e08532c 100644
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas.mdwn
+++ b/community/gsoc/project_ideas.mdwn
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015,
-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -100,11 +100,8 @@ project_ideas:
   "community/gsoc/project_ideas/virtualization
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/secure_chroot
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/package_manager
-  community/gsoc/project_ideas/xattr
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/driver_glue_code
-  community/gsoc/project_ideas/physical_memory_management
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/language_bindings
-  community/gsoc/project_ideas/file_locking
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/gdb
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/tcp_ip_stack
   community/gsoc/project_ideas/nfs
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/driver_glue_code.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/driver_glue_code.mdwn
index 0f921590..1771756e 100644
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/driver_glue_code.mdwn
+++ b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/driver_glue_code.mdwn
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2016, 2017, 2018 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -27,22 +27,24 @@ This is [[!GNU_Savannah_task 5488]].
 [[open issues/user-space device drivers]].
 [[open issues/device drivers and io systems]].
 
-The most promising approach for getting newer drivers seems to be [[DDE]]:
+The most promising approach for getting newer drivers seems to be the [[Rump_Kernel]]:
 it already does the hard work of providing an environment
 where the foreign drivers can run,
 and offers the additional benefit of being externally maintained.
-DDE also offers the necessary facilities
+Rump also offers the necessary facilities
 for running all drivers in separate userspace processes,
 which is more desirable than drivers running in the microkernel.
 
-[[Zheng Da|zhengda]] has already done considerable work on this.
+Robert Millan worked on a port of the Rump kernel, which allowed to run a sound
+driver in userland. This work now needs to be extended.
+
+[[Zheng Da|zhengda]] has already done considerable work on a similar approach, using [[DDE]]
 The basic framework for using DDE in the Hurd is present,
 and network card drivers are already working very well.
 However, this work isn't fully integrated in the Hurd yet.
 The additional kernel interfaces that were created for this
-are still prototypes, and will need to be reworked.
-Also, there is no build system for automatically compiling
-all Linux network card drivers in one go.
+are still prototypes, and will need to be reworked. This environment can be
+reused and polished for Rump.
 
 Other types of drivers are missing so far.
 Support for IDE drivers has been partially implemented,
@@ -51,13 +53,10 @@ To fully replace the old in-kernel drivers,
 further infrastructure will be necessary
 to make userspace disk drivers usable for the root filesystem.
 
-Some other subsystems are missing or incomplete in DDE itself,
-and will require additional work that is not specific to the Hurd implementation.
-
 The goal of this task is to fix at least one of the mentioned major shortcomings:
 rework the kernel interfaces;
-provide a streamlined build system for the drivers;
-finish IDE support;
+polish the rumpkernel changes;
+componentize the rumpkernel elements for sound;
 or implement support for some other subsystem.
 <!-- should probably provide separate task descriptions for each... -->
 
@@ -69,13 +68,4 @@ such as memory management for example.
 
 Possible mentors: Justus Winter (teythoon), Samuel Thibault (youpi)
 
-Exercise: Get one of the not yet integrated Linux network card drivers to work.
-(Note: This should be straightforward,
-once you have the framework properly built and set up...)
-
----
-
-
-# 2016-02-14, Justus Winter
-
-`s/dde/rump/g` of course.
+Exercise: Install and run the current rumpkernel library (librump0) and the corresponding mplayer, get it to run.
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/dtrace.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/dtrace.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 6261c03e..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/dtrace.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2011 Free Software Foundation,
-Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
-License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!meta title="Kernel Instrumentation"]]
-
-[[!tag open_issue_gnumach]]
-
-One of the main problems of the current Hurd implementation is very poor
-[[open_issues/performance]]. While we have a bunch of ideas what could cause the performance
-problems, these are mostly just guesses. Better understanding what really
-causes bad performance is necessary to improve the situation.
-
-For that, we need tools for performance measurements. While all kinds of more
-or less specific [[open_issues/profiling]] tools could be conceived, the most promising and
-generic approach seems to be a framework for logging certain events in the
-running system (both in the microkernel and in the Hurd servers). This would
-allow checking how much time is spent in certain modules, how often certain
-situations occur, how things interact, etc. It could also prove helpful in
-debugging some issues that are otherwise hard to find because of complex
-interactions.
-
-The most popular kernel instrumentation framework is Sun's dtrace,
-originally written for Solaris,
-but also adopted by some other systems.
-However, the GPL-incompatible license means it can't be used in Linux,
-and thus Linux developers created their own frameworks instead:
-first [[SystemTap]], and now [[LTTng]].
-
-In 2008, Andrei Barbu did initial work on kernel probes for the Hurd.
-However, not all of his patches got merged,
-because some turned out not to be fully functional.
-Also, he didn't get around to work on userspace probes,
-nor on a nice frontend for writing test scripts employing the probes.
-
-The goal of this project is to make the instrumentation framework
-more usable and complete,
-and to better integrate it in the Hurd.
-For that, the student will have to work
-on some real profiling and/or debugging tasks,
-and fix any shortcomings he encounters in the framework.
-
-This is a pretty involved task.
-Previous experience with low-level programming is a must;
-and it also requires a good grasp on interactions in complex systems.
-
-To work on this project,
-the student will have to get familiar with GNU Mach.
-(The microkernel employed by the Hurd.)
-Some understanding of other aspects of the Hurd will also be required,
-depending on the exact nature of the profiling/debugging performed.
-
-Possible mentors: Samuel Thibault (youpi)
-
-Exercise: Use the existing probes to perform some simple measurement.
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/file_locking.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/file_locking.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index ebb322f1..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/file_locking.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation,
-Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
-License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!meta title="Fix and Complete File Locking Support"]]
-
-Over the years, [[UNIX]] has acquired a host of different file locking mechanisms.
-Some of them work on the Hurd, while others are buggy or only partially
-implemented. This breaks many applications.
-
-The goal is to make all file locking mechanisms work properly. This requires
-finding all existing shortcomings (through systematic testing and/or checking
-for known issues in the bug tracker and mailing list archives), and fixing
-them. The biggest missing feature is record locking, i.e. the lockf variant,
-which needs a complete implementation.
-
-This task will require digging into parts of the code to understand how file
-locking works on the Hurd. Only general programming skills are required.
-
-A preliminary patch is [[!GNU_Savannah_patch 332 desc="available"]].
-
-Possible mentors: Samuel Thibault (youpi)
-
-Exercise: Find one of the existing issues, either by looking at the task/bug
-filed on [[open_issues/file_locking]], on
-trackers on savannah, or by trying things out yourself; and take a go at it.
-Note though that most of these issues are probably not trivial -- it's quite
-likely that you won't be able to actually fix any of them in the time available
-during the application process. However, you might be able to spot something
-else that could be improved while looking into this.
-
-If after trying for a while you haven't found anything easy enough to improve
-in the locking-related code, talk to us about some alternative exercise task.
-Perhaps you actually find something you could do while looking through the bug
-tracker or trying stuff yourself in search of locking issues :-)
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/physical_memory_management.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/physical_memory_management.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 1bb6a760..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/physical_memory_management.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled
-[[GNU Free Documentation License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!meta title="Physical memory management"]]
-
-GNU Mach is currently suffering from severe limitations caused by the way
-it manages physical memory. For example, since it requires pages to be mapped
-in kernel space in order to be used, the maximum amount of usable physical
-memory is currently around 800MB (or 1.8GB if a 2/2 split is set). And
-because the page allocator is unable to easily return blocks of contiguous
-pages, the kernel has to use virtual memory to provide contiguity.
-But the kernel virtual space is separate from the direct mapping of
-physical memory, so the larger it is, the less physical pages available.
-The size of the kernel space is currently around 200MB, with around 100MB
-for kernel objects. This small size prevents the system from achieving
-scalability, since a panic occurs when the kernel is unable to allocate
-a kernel object such as a port. In addition, the kernel uses mainly tables
-to store IPC rights. When a table is full, it is enlarged through a kernel
-specific version of realloc(). When a file system starts managing many
-files (e.g. because some of their content is cached in physical memory),
-these tables can get big enough to make realloc() fail because of
-fragmentation.
-
-The goal of this project is to make as much physical memory available as
-possible for both the kernel and applications, by rewriting the page
-allocator into a buddy allocator to support contiguous block allocations,
-using it directly instead of virtual memory as the backend of the slab
-allocator for kernel objects, and, if time allows it, transform IPC right
-tables (e.g. into radix trees) and get rid of realloc().
-
-This project requires a good understanding of virtual memory (both physical
-mappings at the MMU level and virtual mappings at the VM level), and strong
-skills in C programming. Note that some work has already been done in the
-X15 project about this, and can be reused as a reference.
-
-Useful links :
-
- * <https://www.sceen.net/mapping-physical-memory-directly/>
-
- * <http://git.sceen.net/rbraun/x15.git/>
-
- * <https://git.sceen.net/rbraun/librbraun.git/plain/rdxtree.h>
-
-Possible mentors: Richard Braun
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 8411831b..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled
-[[GNU Free Documentation License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!meta title="Sound Support"]]
-
-The Hurd presently has no sound support.  Fixing this, [[!GNU_Savannah_task
-5485]], requires two steps: the first is to port some other kernel's drivers to
-[[GNU_Mach|microkernel/mach/gnumach]] so we can get access to actual sound
-hardware.  The second is to implement a userspace server ([[hurd/translator]]),
-that implements an interface on top of the kernel device that can be used by
-applications -- probably OSS or maybe ALSA.
-
-Completing this task requires porting at least one driver (e.g. from Linux) for
-a popular piece of sound hardware, and the basic userspace server. For the
-driver part, previous experience with programming kernel drivers is strongly
-advisable. The userspace part requires some knowledge about programming Hurd
-translators, but shouldn't be too hard.
-
-Once the basic support is working, it's up to the student to use the remaining
-time for porting more drivers, or implementing a more sophisticated userspace
-infrastructure. The latter requires good understanding of the Hurd philosophy,
-to come up with an appropriate design.
-
-Another option would be to evaluate whether a driver that is completely running
-in user-space is feasible.  <!-- TODO.  Elaborate.  -->
-
-Possible mentors: Samuel Thibault (youpi)
-
-Exercise: This project requires kernel (driver framework) hacking as well as
-some Hurd server hacking; so the exercise should involve either of these, or
-even both. You could for example port some newer driver to run in the existing
-framework (see the [[device_driver|driver_glue_code]] project description), or
-try to make some fix(es) to the [unfinished random device
-implementation](http://savannah.gnu.org/patch/?6088) created by Michael
-Casadevall.
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound/discussion.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound/discussion.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 4a95eb62..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound/discussion.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
-License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!taglink open_issue_documentation]]: update [[sound]] page.
-
-
-# IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-01
-
-    <rekado> I'm new to the hurd but I'd love to learn enough to work on sound
-      support.
-    <rekado>
-      http://darnassus.sceen.net/~hurd-web/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound/
-      says drivers should be ported to GNU Mach as a first step.
-    <rekado> Is this information still current or should the existing Linux
-      driver be wrapped with DDE instead?
-    <auronandace> if i recall correctly dde is currently only being used for
-      network drivers. i'm not sure how much work would be involved for sound
-      or usb
-
-
-## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-02
-
-    <rekado> The sound support proposal
-      (http://darnassus.sceen.net/~hurd-web/community/gsoc/project_ideas/sound/)
-      recommends porting some other kernel's sound driver to GNU Mach.  Is this
-      still current or should DDE be used instead?
-    <pinotree> rekado: dde or anything userspace-based is generally preferred
-    <braunr> rekado: both are about porting some other kernel's sound driver
-    <braunr> dde is preferred yes
-    <rekado> This email says that sound drivers are already partly working with
-      DDE: http://os.inf.tu-dresden.de/pipermail/l4-hackers/2009/004291.html
-    <rekado> So, should I just try to get some ALSA kernel parts to compile
-      with DDE?
-    <pinotree> well, what is missing is also the dde←→hurd glue
-    <braunr> rekado: there is also a problem with pci arbitration
-    <rekado> pinotree: I assumed DDEKit works with the hurd and we could use
-      any DDE/<other kernel> glue code with it
-    * rekado looks up pci arbitration
-    <pinotree> only for networking atm
-    <rekado> ah, I see.
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/tcp_ip_stack.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/tcp_ip_stack.mdwn
index 331336ac..f86dcf72 100644
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/tcp_ip_stack.mdwn
+++ b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/tcp_ip_stack.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2008, 2009, 2017 Free Software Foundation,
+Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ make such a split later on feasible.
 
 This is [[!GNU_Savannah_task 5469]].
 
-Possible mentors: zhengda
+Possible mentors: youpi
 
 Exercise: You could try making some improvement to the existing pfinet
 implementation; or you could work towards running some existing userspace
diff --git a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/xattr.mdwn b/community/gsoc/project_ideas/xattr.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 8e1a532b..00000000
--- a/community/gsoc/project_ideas/xattr.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2009, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled
-[[GNU Free Documentation License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!meta title="Implement xattr Support"]]
-
-Extended attributes (xattr) are a standardized, generic method for storing
-additional metadata along with a file (inode). Most modern UNIX filesystems
-support xattrs.
-
-In general, xattrs should be used sparingly, as they are less transparent than
-data stored as explicit file contents; however, there are some cases where they
-really make sense. The Hurd's variant of ext2 presently uses some additional
-fields in the inode to store Hurd-specific metadata: most notable passive
-translator settings. As these fields are Hurd-specific, they can't be accessed
-by the standard methods from Linux for example, so it's not possible to fully
-work with a Hurd filesystem on GNU/Linux (copy, backup etc.); and also, even
-when on Hurd, only tools that explicitly support the Hurd-specific information
-can handle them.
-
-Using extended attributes instead of custom fields for the Hurd-specific
-information would be very helpful.
-
-The most important goal of this project thus is to make the Hurd ext2fs server
-able to store and read the Hurd-specific information with extended attributes
-instead of the custom fields, so it become accessible from other systems. Being
-able to access the information through the standard xattr API instead of
-Hurd-specific calls is also desirable. (And in turn requires implementing the
-generic xattr API first, which can be useful for other purposes as well.)
-
-Completing this project will require digging into some parts of the Hurd, but
-it should be quite doable without previous Hurd experience. Some experience
-with xattrs might help a bit, but shouldn't be really necessary either.
-
-Some previous work on xattr support is [[available|open_issues/xattr]], and
-might serve as a starting point.
-
-Possible mentors: Justus Winter (teythoon), Samuel Thibault (youpi)
-
-Exercise: Implement support for different inode sizes (other than 128 bytes) in
-Hurd's ext2fs.
diff --git a/contributing.mdwn b/contributing.mdwn
index 31d56783..9736e18d 100644
--- a/contributing.mdwn
+++ b/contributing.mdwn
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013,
-2014, 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -103,9 +103,6 @@ part:1:file:/home/samy/tmp/foo`). This would be libnetfs-based.
 * Write [[virtio drivers for KVM|open_issues/virtio#KVM]].
 * Move the [[mount/umount|open_issues/glibc#mount]] logic from
 `utils/{,u}mount.c` into [[glibc]].
-* Fix [[`/proc/self`|hurd/translator/procfs/jkoenig/discussion#self]].
-Look at `[glibc]/hurd/lookup-retry.c` for how [[`FS_RETRY_MAGICAL`
-lookups|hurd/interface/dir_lookup]] work.
 * Add a tool to trace system calls, by using gnumach's Syscall-Emulation, see <http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/gnumach-doc/Syscall-Emulation.html>
 * Improve our [[FUSE library|hurd/libfuse]].
 * Add a relatime or lazytime option to ext2fs.
@@ -113,6 +110,7 @@ lookups|hurd/interface/dir_lookup]] work.
 * Fix chmod on fifos: mkfifo foo ; sudo chmod g+w foo
 * Strengthen httpfs: it should append '/' to URL automatically, it should not fallback index.html itself, etc. probably a lot more small easy issues.
 * Fix `O_NOATIME`, see <https://buildd.debian.org/status/fetch.php?pkg=borgbackup&arch=hurd-i386&ver=1.0.2-1&stamp=1460838100>
+* Add a /dev/rtc device
 
 <a name="porting"></a>
 ## Porting Packages
@@ -180,14 +178,16 @@ I'll have to think about it some more.
 * Install qemu-kvm via your distros packages.
 * Download the [qemu image](http://people.debian.org/~sthibault/hurd-i386/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz): `wget http://people.debian.org/~sthibault/hurd-i386/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz`
 * Unpack it: `tar xf debian-hurd.img.tar.gz`
-* Run it: `qemu-kvm -m 512 -drive cache=writeback,file=debian-hurd.img` # Optionally use `--curses` to keep your keyboard layout. If need be modprobe kvm_amd, kvm intel and kvm to get kvm support (which is much, much faster). See also: [kvm FAQ](http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/FAQ).
+* Run it: `kvm -m 512 -drive cache=writeback,file=debian-hurd.img -redir tcp:2222::22` # Optionally use `--curses` to keep your keyboard layout. If need be modprobe kvm_amd, kvm intel and kvm to get kvm support (which is much, much faster). See also: [kvm FAQ](http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/FAQ).
 * login as root
+* set a root password with `passwd`
 * `apt-get update`
 * `apt-get install -y git mercurial emacs vim`
 * `apt-get build-dep -y hurd gnumach`
 * `git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/hurd/hurd.git`
 * `git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/hurd/gnumach.git`
 * `git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/hurd/incubator.git`
+* You can connect through ssh with `ssh root@localhost -p 2222`
 * Get more from the [repo list](http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/hurd/).
 * Read the docs on these pages.
 * Start hacking.
diff --git a/documentation.mdwn b/documentation.mdwn
index 263be828..bfdaa839 100644
--- a/documentation.mdwn
+++ b/documentation.mdwn
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ architecture.  Yes, really.
 
 ## Operating Systems Basics
 
-Books.  Etc.
-
+You can find good free, self-paced online courses about operating systems on <https://www.udacity.com/> .
+A free textbook about operating systems is called [Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces](http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/OSTEP/).
 
 ## GNU/Hurd System Architecture
 
diff --git a/faq/64-bit.mdwn b/faq/64-bit.mdwn
index 1c75e1dc..1da375ba 100644
--- a/faq/64-bit.mdwn
+++ b/faq/64-bit.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2013, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation,
+Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -15,7 +16,8 @@ License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
 There are currently no plan for 64-bit userland, but there are plans for 64-bit
 kernelland with 32-bit userland, which will notably permit to efficiently make
 use of more than 2 GiB memory and provide 4 GiB userland addressing space.
-Work on this is currently in branches for GNU Mach.
+[[Work on this|open_issues/64-bit_port]] is currently in the master-x86_64 and
+port-amd64 branches for GNU Mach.
 
 That being said, you can always run a 32-bit version on a 64-bit machine, it
 just works, processes are just limited to a couple GiB available memory.
diff --git a/faq/no_login.mdwn b/faq/no_login.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..330652c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/faq/no_login.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
+License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+[[!tag faq/open_issues]]
+
+[[!meta title="Help, I can't even log in"]]
+
+If logging in doesn't work, e.g. you enter a username, and it doesn't even
+prompt for a password, but directly say "Invalid password", you probably have
+some translators which got deconfigured for some reason. You can try to reboot in emergency mode, and run
+
+    # dpkg-reconfigure hurd
+
+to reinstall translators.
diff --git a/glibc/startup.mdwn b/glibc/startup.mdwn
index ac7cdde6..9a7a3de2 100644
--- a/glibc/startup.mdwn
+++ b/glibc/startup.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2011, 2014, 2016 Free Software Foundation,
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2011, 2014, 2016, 2018 Free Software Foundation,
 Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
@@ -21,6 +21,55 @@ is quite hairy on GNU Hurd systems.
   * [[!message-id "871xc9qv6y.wl@ulysses.g10code.de"]]
 
 
+# How libc startup in a process works
+
+## Statically-linked program
+
+  * The ELF headers points program start at `_start`.
+  * `_start` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/static-start.S) calls `_hurd_stack_setup`
+  * `_hurd_stack_setup` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/init-first.c) calls `first_init` which calls `__mach_init` to initialize enough to run RPCs, then runs the `_hurd_preinit_hook` hooks, which initialize global variables of libc.
+  * `_hurd_stack_setup` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/init-first.c) calls `_hurd_startup`.
+  * `_hurd_startup` (hurd/hurdstartup.c) gets hurdish information from servers and calls its `main` parameter.
+  * the `main` parameter was actually `doinit` (in sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/init-first.c), which mangles the stack and calls `doinit1` which calls `init`.
+  * `init` sets threadvars, tries to initialize threads (and perhaps switches to the new stack) and gets to call `init1`.
+  * `init1` gets the Hurd block, calls `_hurd_init` on it
+  * `_hurd_init` (hurd/hurdinit.c) initializes initial ports, starts the signal thread, runs the `_hurd_subinit` hooks (`init_dtable` hurd/dtable.c notably initializes the FD table and the `_hurd_fd_subinit` hooks, which notably checks `std*`).
+  * We are back to `_start`, which jumps to `_start1` which is the normal libc startup which calls `__libc_start_main`
+  * `__libc_start_main` (actually called `LIBC_START_MAIN` in csu/libc-start.c) initializes libc, tls, libpthread, atexit
+  * `__libc_start_main` calls initialization function given as parameter `__libc_csu_init`,
+  * `__libc_csu_init` (csu/elf-init.c) calls `preinit_array_start` functions
+  * `__libc_csu_init` calls `_init`
+  * `_init` (sysdeps/i386/crti.S) calls `PREINIT_FUNCTION`, (actually libpthread on Linux, `__gmon_start__` on hurd)
+  * back to `__libc_csu_init` calls `init_array_start` functions
+  * back to `__libc_start_main`, it calls calls application's `main`, then `exit`.
+
+## dynamically-linked program
+
+  * dl.so ELF headers point its start at `_start`.
+  * `_start` (sysdeps/i386/dl-machine.h) calls `_dl_start`.
+  * `_dl_start` (elf/rtld.c) initializes `bootstrap_map`,  calls `_dl_start_final`
+  * `_dl_start_final` calls `_dl_sysdep_start`.
+  * `_dl_sysdep_start` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/dl-sysdep.c) calls `__mach_init` to initialize enough to run RPCs, then calls `_hurd_startup`.
+  * `_hurd_startup` (hurd/hurdstartup.c) gets hurdish information from servers and calls its `main` parameter.
+  * the `main` parameter was actually `go` inside `_dl_sysdep_start`, which calls `dl_main`.
+  * `dl_main` (elf/rtld.c) interprets ld.so parameters, loads the binary and libraries, calls `_dl_allocate_tls_init`.
+  * we are back to `go`, which branches to `_dl_start_user`.
+  * `_dl_start_user` (./sysdeps/i386/dl-machine.h) runs `RTLD_START_SPECIAL_INIT` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/dl-machine.h) which calls `_dl_init_first`.
+  * `_dl_init_first` (sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386/init-first.c) calls `first_init` which calls `__mach_init` to initialize enough to run RPCs, then runs the `_hurd_preinit_hook` hooks, which initialize global variables of libc.
+  * `_dl_init_first` calls `init`.
+  * `init` sets threadvars, tries to initialize threads (and perhaps switches to the new stack) and gets to call `init1`.
+  * `init1` gets the Hurd block, calls `_hurd_init` on it
+  * `_hurd_init` (hurd/hurdinit.c) initializes initial ports, starts the signal thread, runs the `_hurd_subinit` hooks (`init_dtable` hurd/dtable.c notably initializes the FD table and the `_hurd_fd_subinit` hooks, which notably checks `std*`).
+  * we are back to `_dl_start_user`, which calls `_dl_init` (elf/dl-init.c) which calls application initializers.
+  * `_dl_start_user` jumps to the application's entry point, `_start`
+  * `_start` (sysdeps/i386/start.S) calls `__libc_start_main`
+  * `__libc_start_main` (actually called `LIBC_START_MAIN` in csu/libc-start.c) initializes libc, atexit,
+  * `__libc_start_main` calls initialization function given as parameter `__libc_csu_init`,
+  * `__libc_csu_init` (csu/elf-init.c) calls `_init`
+  * `_init` (sysdeps/i386/crti.S) calls `PREINIT_FUNCTION`, (actually libpthread on Linux, `__gmon_start__` on hurd)
+  * back to `__libc_csu_init` calls `init_array_start` functions
+  * back to `__libc_start_main`, it calls application's `main`, then `exit`.
+
 # IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-12-31
 
     <youpi> braunr: btw, after patching glibc and trying installing it, do you
diff --git a/hurd/glibc.mdwn b/hurd/glibc.mdwn
index 39bfed62..271c0c6d 100644
--- a/hurd/glibc.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/glibc.mdwn
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation,
-Inc."]]
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2018 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -17,3 +17,20 @@ For information about how the glibc integrates into the system, see sections
 [[Hurd-specific_API]].
 
 [[Debugging_glibc|debugging/glibc]].
+
+
+# Cross-building
+
+The long-term goal is to get `build-many-glibcs.py` to be able to cross-compile
+glibc. This should be working as per the following:
+
+    $ mkdir -p /tmp/build/src
+    $ cp -a /usr/src/glibc /tmp/build/src/
+    $ unset CFLAGS
+    $ /tmp/build/src/glibc/scripts/build-many-glibcs.py /tmp/build checkout binutils-2.29 gcc-7.1.0
+    $ /tmp/build/src/glibc/scripts/build-many-glibcs.py /tmp/build host-libraries
+    $ /tmp/build/src/glibc/scripts/build-many-glibcs.py /tmp/build compilers i686-gnu
+    $ /tmp/build/src/glibc/scripts/build-many-glibcs.py /tmp/build glibcs i686-gnu
+
+Ideally the master branch builds that way. As of January 2018 the goal is first
+to get the sthibaul/hurd-builds branch building.
diff --git a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
index 7b6cad67..df640565 100644
--- a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016 Free
-Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017
+Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
 id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
@@ -27,12 +27,47 @@ requires a privileged subhurd.
 
 # Howto
 
-## Preparing
+## Quick hack: Use an existing image
 
-To run a subhurd, you need an additional partition with an installed Hurd
-system.  In principle, you can also use your main partition in read-only mode;
-but this obviously will create severe limitations.  Usually, you will want a
-complete independent system.
+You can download a Debian/Hurd image
+[[here|https://people.debian.org/~sthibault/hurd-i386/]] and directly
+boot it:
+
+    $ wget --no-check-certificate https://people.debian.org/~sthibault/hurd-i386/debian-hurd.img.gz
+    $ gunzip debian-hurd.img.gz
+    $ boot --kernel-command-line="fastboot root=pseudo-root" -T typed part:1:file:debian-hurd.img
+
+The 'fastboot' is necessary to skip the filesystem check which fails
+because the image assumes the root filesystem to be /etc/hd0s1.  Once
+booted, you can correct this:
+
+    root@debian:~# settrans -c /dev/pseudo-root /hurd/storeio pseudo-root
+    root@debian:~# echo /dev/pseudo-root / ext2 defaults 0 1 >/etc/fstab
+    root@debian:~# halt
+
+From now on, `boot -T typed part:1:file:debian-hurd.img` should suffice.
+
+## Preparing your own image
+
+To run a subhurd, you need an additional partition (or a file) with an
+installed Hurd system.  In principle, you can also use your main
+partition in read-only mode; but this obviously will create severe
+limitations.  Usually, you will want a complete independent system.
+
+The following instructions assume that the system is installed on
+`/dev/hd0s1`.  You can use any partition instead, or in fact just a
+simple file created e.g. using dd.
+
+### Creating a file used as root filesystem for the Subhurd
+
+To create a file `my.image` of size 2 gigabytes, do
+
+    $ dd if=/dev/zero of=my.image bs=1M count=1 seek=2000
+
+(Note that it is currently problematic to create files larger than 2
+gigabytes this way.)
+
+### Using debootstrap
 
 The system for the subhurd is a normal Hurd installation, which could just as
 well run standalone.  You can use any of the various possible installation
@@ -45,22 +80,6 @@ debootstrap as root:
     debootstrap sid mnt/ http://httpredir.debian.org/debian
     settrans -fga mnt
 
-### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-15
-
-    <gnu_srs> Never dared to try a subhurd, any link to the howto? 
-    <teythoon> gnu_srs: I followed
-      http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd/subhurd.html though using crosshurd
-      didn't work for me, I just used debootstrap
-    <teythoon> gnu_srs: and you need a separate filesystem translator (i.e. not
-      /) for that
-    <teythoon> the easiest way is to add another virtual disk to you qemu setup
-    <braunr> use the qemu image directly
-    <braunr> simplest way to set up a subhurd
-    <braunr> just change fstab from the host before the first boot to avoid
-      making the subhurd use the same hd0 drive as the host
-    <teythoon> braunr: nice idea :)
-
-
 ## Booting
 
 If you are using a recent version of the Hurd (>= 0.9), then you can
diff --git a/open_issues/64-bit_port.mdwn b/open_issues/64-bit_port.mdwn
index 74758085..8658f1b7 100644
--- a/open_issues/64-bit_port.mdwn
+++ b/open_issues/64-bit_port.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016 Free Software
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 Free Software
 Foundation, Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
@@ -12,10 +12,25 @@ License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
 [[!tag open_issue_gnumach open_issue_mig]]
 
 There is a `master-x86_64` GNU Mach branch.  As of 2012-11-20, it only supports
-the [[microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports/Xen]] platform.
+the [[microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports/Xen]] platform for now.
+
+What is left for initial support (32-on-64) is
+
+  * adding 64bit boot support from grub
+  * implement 32/64 RPC compatibility for RPCs served by kernel.
 
 See http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2012-04/msg00000.html
 
+For pure 64bit support, we need to
+
+  * add 64bit definitions in binutils
+  * add 64bit definitions in gcc
+  * implement 64bit variants of code in glibc/sysdeps/mach/i386 and glibc/sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386
+  * implement 64bit variants of code in libpthread/sysdeps/i386, libpthread/sysdeps/mach/i386, libpthread/sysdeps/mach/hurd/i386
+  * fetch from Linux 64bit variant of code in ./pfinet/linux-src/arch/i386 and ./pfinet/linux-src/include/asm-i386
+  * define the mig ABI
+  * bootstrap a distrib, e.g. Debian hurd-amd64 (see https://jenkins.debian.net/view/rebootstrap/job/rebootstrap_hurd-amd64_gcc7/ )
+
 # IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-10-16
 
     <youpi> it'd be really good to have a 64bit kernel, no need to care about
diff --git a/open_issues/problematic_packages.mdwn b/open_issues/problematic_packages.mdwn
index 444350f0..8fe06495 100644
--- a/open_issues/problematic_packages.mdwn
+++ b/open_issues/problematic_packages.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation,
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation,
 Inc."]]
 
 [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
@@ -20,22 +20,16 @@ This page lists the few packages whose build makes the Debian buildd box crash a
   * ruby-hiredis
   * subversion testsuite
   * socket-wrapper
+  * qt-at-spi
 
 * breaks cron
 
   * rsyslog
 
-* breaks ext2fs
-
-  * icedove
-
-* box gets stuck
-
-  * llvm-toolchain-3.7
-
 * ext2fs gets stuck
 
   * emacs24
+  * emacs25
 
 * loops and eats memory
 
diff --git a/user/danialbehzadi.mdwn b/user/danialbehzadi.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eb7c5e67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/user/danialbehzadi.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
+License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+* Name: Danial Behzadi
+* Email: <dani.behzi@ubuntucom>
+* Country: Iran