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authorSamuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>2015-02-18 00:58:35 +0100
committerSamuel Thibault <samuel.thibault@ens-lyon.org>2015-02-18 00:58:35 +0100
commit49a086299e047b18280457b654790ef4a2e5abfa (patch)
treec2b29e0734d560ce4f58c6945390650b5cac8a1b /service_solahart_jakarta_selatan__082122541663/code_analysis/discussion.mdwn
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-[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation,
-Inc."]]
-
-[[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable
-id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
-document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
-any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
-Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
-is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation
-License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
-
-[[!tag open_issue_documentation]]
-
-[[!toc]]
-
-
-# IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-12-04
-
- <mcsim> defpager uses it's own dynamic memory allocator, which uses
- vm_allocate/vm_deallocate as backing store? Am I able to use duma in such
- case?
- <braunr> you will have to adapt it
- <braunr> but it's already designed to handle custom allocators
- <braunr> iirc
- <braunr> btw, are there special flags for that memory which the pager
- allocates ?
- <braunr> e.g. to use wired memory ?
- <mcsim> yes, wired memory
- <braunr> you'll have to change that in duma then
- <braunr> but apart from such details, it should be straightforward
-
- <antrik> braunr: I have no idea about duma; but if you think it's a useful
- tool, please add it to open_issues/code_analysis.mdwn
- <antrik> (I guess we should have a "proper" page listing useful debugging
- tools...)
-
-
-## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2012-09-03
-
- <mcsim> hello. Has anyone tried some memory debugging tools like duma or
- dmalloc with hurd?
- <braunr> mcsim: yes, but i couldn't
- <braunr> i tried duma, and it crashes, probably because of cthreads :)
-
-
-# Static Analysis
-
-## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2012-09-08
-
- <mcsim> hello. What static analyzer would you suggest (probably you have
- tried it for hurd already)?
- <braunr> mcsim: if you find some good free static analyzer, let me know :)
- <pinotree> a simple one is cppcheck
- <mcsim> braunr: I'm choosing now between splint and adlint
-
-
-## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-17
-
- <teythoon> whoa, llvm kinda works, enough to make scan-build work :)
- <braunr> teythoon: what is scan-build ?
- <teythoon> braunr: clangs static analyzer
- <braunr> ok
- <teythoon> I'm doing a full build of the hurd using it, I will post the
- report once it is finished
- <teythoon> this will help spot many problems
- <teythoon> well, here are the scan-build reports I got so far:
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/
- <teythoon> I noticed it finds problems in mig generated code, so there are
- probably lot's of duplictaes for those kind of problems
- <pinotree> what's a... better one to look at?
- <teythoon> it's also good at spotting error handling errors, and can spot
- leaks sometimes
- <teythoon> hm
- <teythoon>
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/report-yVBHO1.html
- <braunr> that's minor, the device always exist
- <braunr> but that's still ugly
- <teythoon>
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/report-MtgWSa.html
- <teythoon>
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/report-QdsZIm.html
- <teythoon> this could be important:
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/report-PDMEbk.html
- <teythoon> this is the issue it finds in mig generated server stubs:
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build/report-iU3soc.html
- <braunr> this one is #if TypeCheck1
- <braunr> the libports one looks weird indeed
- <teythoon> but TypeCheck is 1 (the tooltip shows macro expansion)
- <teythoon> it is defined in line 23
- <braunr> oh
- <teythoon> hmmm... clang does not support nested functions, that will limit
- its usefulness for us :/
- <braunr> yes
- <braunr> one more reason not to use them
-
-
-### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-18
-
- <teythoon> more complete, now with index:
- https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de/qa/2013-10-17/scan-build-2/
-
-
-### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-11-04
-
- <teythoon> btw, why does the nested functions stuff needs the executable
- stack? for trampolines?
- <braunr> yes
- <teythoon> I didn't even realize that, that's one more reason to avoid them
- indeed
-
- <teythoon> braunr: kern/slab.c (1471): vm_size_t info_size = info_size;
- <braunr> yes ?
- <teythoon> braunr: what's up with that?
- <braunr> that's one way to silence gcc warnings about uninitialized
- variables
- <braunr> this warning can easily result in false positives when gcc is
- unable to determine dependencies
- <braunr> e.g. if (flag & FLAG_CREATE) myvar = create(); ...; ... if (flag &
- FLAG_CREATE) use(myvar)
- <teythoon> well, ok, that's a shortcomming of gcc
- <teythoon> braunr: your way of silencing that in gcc still shows up in
- scan-build and most likely any more advanced analysis tool
- <teythoon> as it should of course, but it is noisy
- <braunr> teythoon: there is a gcc attribute for that
- <braunr> __attribute__((unused))
- <braunr> analysis tools might know that better
- <teythoon> braunr: could you have a quick look at
- http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/qa/gnumach/scan-build/2013-11-04/report-mXqstT.html#EndPath
- ?
- <braunr> nice
- <braunr> anything else on the rbtree code ?
- <teythoon> well
- <teythoon>
- http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/qa/gnumach/scan-build/2013-11-04/report-LyiOO1.html#EndPath
- <teythoon> but this is of length 18, so it might be far-fetched
- <braunr> ??
- <teythoon> the length of the chain of argumentation
- <braunr> i don't understand that issue
- <braunr> isn't 18 the analysis step ?
- <teythoon> well, the greater the length, the more assumption the tool
- makes, the more likely it is that it just does not "get" some invariant
- <braunr> probably yes
- <braunr> the code can segfault if input parameters are invalid
- <braunr> that's expected
- <teythoon> right, looks like this only happens if the tree is invalid
- <teythoon> if in line 349 brother->children[right] is NULL
- <teythoon> this is a very good target for verification using frama-c
- <braunr> :)
- <teythoon> the code already has many assertions that will be picked up by
- it automatically
- <teythoon> so what about the dead store, is it a bug or is it harmless ?
- <braunr> harmless probably
- <braunr> certainly
- <braunr> a simple overlook when polishing
-
-
-### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-01-16
-
- <mcsim> braunr: hi. Once, when I wrote a lot if inline gcc functions in
- kernel you said me not to use them. And one of the arguments was that you
- want to know which binary will be produced. Do you remember that?
- <braunr> not exactly
- <braunr> it seems likely that i advice not to use many inline functions
- <braunr> but i don't see myself stating such a reason
- <mcsim> braunr: ok
- <mcsim> so, what do you think about using some high level primitives in
- kernel
- <mcsim> like inline-functions
- <mcsim> ?
- <braunr> "high level primitives" ?
- <braunr> you mean switching big and important functions into inline code ?
- <mcsim> braunr: something that is hard to translate in assembly directly
- <mcsim> braunr: I mean in general
- <braunr> i think it's bad habit
- <mcsim> braunr: why?
- <braunr> don't inline anything at first, then profile, then inline if
- function calls really are a bottleneck
- <mcsim> my argument would be that it makes code more readable
- <braunr> https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/CodingStyle <= see the
- "inline disease"
- <braunr> uh
- <braunr> more readable ?
- <braunr> the only difference is an inline keyword
- <mcsim> sorry
- <mcsim> i confused with functions that you declare inside functions
- <mcsim> nested
- <mcsim> forgot the word
- <mcsim> sorry
- <braunr> ah nested
- <braunr> my main argument against nested functions is that they're not
- standard and hard to support for non-gcc tools
- <braunr> another argument was that it required an executable stack but
- there is apparently a way to reliably make nested functions without this
- requirement
- <braunr> so, at the language level, they bring nice closures
- <braunr> the problem for me is at the machine level
- <braunr> i don't know them well so i'm unable to predict the kind of code
- they generate
- <braunr> but i guess anyone who would take the time to study their
- internals would be able to do that
- <mcsim> and why this last argument is important?
- <braunr> because machine code runs on machines
- <braunr> one shouldn't ignore the end result ..
- <braunr> if you don't know the implications of what you're doing precisely,
- you loose control over the result
- <braunr> if you can trust the tool, fine
- <kilobug> mcsim: in general, when you use something you don't really
- understand how it works internally, you've a much higher risk of making
- bugs or inefficient code because you just didn't realize it couldn't work
- or would be inefficient
- <braunr> but in the case of a kernel, it often happens that you can't, or
- at least not in a straightforward way
- <braunr> s/loose/lose/
- <mcsim> kilobug: and that's why for kernel programming you try to use the
- most straightforward primitives as possible?
- <braunr> no
- <kilobug> mcsim: not necessarily the most straightforward ones, but ones
- you understand well
- <braunr> keeping things simple is a way to keep control complexity in any
- software
- <braunr> as long as you understand, and decouple complicated things apart,
- you can keep things simple
- <braunr> nested functions doesn't have to do with complexity
- <braunr> don't*
- <braunr> it's just that, since they're not standard and commonly used
- outside gnu projects, they're not well known
- <braunr> i don't "master" them
- <teythoon> also, they decouple the data flow from the control flow
- <teythoon> which in my book is bad for imparative languages
- <teythoon> and support for them in tools like gdb is poor
- <mcsim> braunr: I remembered nested functions because now I use C++ and I
- question myself if I may use all these C++ facilities, like lambdas,
- complicated templates and other stuff.
- <mcsim> kilobug: And using only things that you understand well sounds
- straightforward and logical
- <braunr> that's why i don't write c++ code :)
- <braunr> it's very complicated and requires a lot of effort for the
- developer to actually master it
- <braunr> mcsim: you can use those features, but sparsely, when they really
- do bring something useful
-
-
-# Leak Detection
-
-See *Leak Detection* on [[boehm_gc]].