Reintegrate another bunch of pages and apply clean-ups.

6 files changed, 278 insertions, 214 deletions

diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/DebianAfterInstall.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/DebianAfterInstall.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index b1f14d9a..00000000
--- a/hurd/running/debian/DebianAfterInstall.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-<div>
-  <center> [ [[Hurd/InstallNotes]] | [[Hurd/GetNetworkRunning]] | [[Hurd/RandomDevice]] | [[Hurd/DebianX]] ] </center>
-</div>
-
-%TOC%
-
-## <a name="First_steps_after_Install_"> First steps after Install. </a>
-
-So you have managed to get past the first ./native-install runs in single-user mode?
-
-Time to get to work.
-
-### <a name="_Hurd_GetNetworkRunning_Setup_ne"> </a> [[Hurd/GetNetworkRunning]]
-
-Check if your NIC was detected by GNU Mach:
-
-    # devprobe eth0
-
-_devprobe_ (run as user _root_) will print _eth0_ on successful detection. If it doesn't, your NIC was not detected correctly. You can then try to do the following (also as user _root_) for getting details:
-
-    # cat /dev/klog > ~/klog
-    [Wait a second, then press `Ctrl-C'.]
-
-Now examine the _~/klog_ file.
-
-If the NIC was detected:
-
-    # settrans -fgap /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet -i eth0 -a 192.168.1.3 -g 192.168.1.1 -m 255.255.255.0
-
-### <a name="Setup_grub"> Setup grub </a>
-
-You surely want grub to have a nice menu entry able to boot GNU, instead of typing a boring arcane. There are Debian-specific scripts that may help you. See the [[GrubNotes]] for this.
-
-### <a name="Setup_apt_get"> Setup apt-get </a>
-
-Sometimes getting apt-get to work is not straightforward. Good mirrors to put in `/etc/apt/sources.list` are (as of Jan 2007):
-
-    deb http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian unstable main contrib
-    deb-src http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian unstable main contrib
-    deb http://ftp.gnuab.org/debian unreleased main
-    deb-src http://ftp.gnuab.org/debian unreleased main
-
-apt-get update a couple of times if some file fails to download.
-
-If when doing your first apt-get, dpkg complains of missing programs, [try to cheat it this way](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/1999/05/msg00187.html):
-
-    # ln -s /sbin/ldconfig /bin/ldconfig
-    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/update-rc.d
-    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/start-stop-daemon
-    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/install-info
-    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/update-alternatives
-
-Installing packages without having a network connection is described [[Distrib/DebianAptOffline]].
-
-### <a name="_Hurd_RandomDevice_Setup_random_"> </a> [[Hurd/RandomDevice]]
-
-You often need scp and ssh. Sadly the Debian GNU/Hurd does not come with any default random package installed. See [[Hurd/RandomDevice]] for details, the following is just a quick recap.
-
-    cd && mkdir tmp && cd tmp
-    wget http://kilobug.free.fr/hurd/random-64.tar.gz
-    tar xvfz random-64.tar.gz
-    cp random /hurd/
-
-    settrans -c /dev/random /hurd/random \
-               --seed-file /var/run/random-seed --secure
-    settrans -c /dev/urandom /hurd/random \
-               --seed-file /var/run/urandom-seed --fast
-    chmod 0644 /dev/random /dev/urandom
-
-    apt-get install ssh
-
-### <a name="_Hurd_HurdConsole_Setup_Virtual_"> </a> [[Hurd/HurdConsole]]
-
-The latest Hurd package in Debian, plus the /native-install script, creates all necessary device nodes and other magic. You just need to edit /etc/default/hurd-console to tune the parameters and tell it to start at bootup.
-
-You can also call the Hurd console manually with the proper arguments:
-
-    console -d vga -d pc_kbd --repeat=kbd -d pc_mouse --repeat=mouse \
-            -d generic_speaker -c /dev/vcs
-
-    cd /dev
-    ln -s cons/kbd .
-    ln -s cons/mouse .
-
-### <a name="_Hurd_DebianXorg_Setup_X_Window_"> </a> [[Hurd/DebianXorg]]
-
-You first must have setup the virtual console. See above.
-
-Assuming you've installed WindowMaker and have tried running startx already:
-
-    [/etc/X11/XF86Config-4]
-
-    Section "Module"
-    #        Load           "dri"
-    #        Load           "speedo"
-             .
-             .
-             .
-    EndSection
-
-    Section "InputDevice"
-            Identifier      "Configured Mouse"
-            Driver          "mouse"
-            Option          "CorePointer"
-            Option          "Device"                "/dev/mouse"
-            Option          "Protocol"              "osmouse"
-    EndSection
-
-Make sure not to have the "Emulate3Buttons" and "ZAxisMapping" settings set, as they lead to problems with e.g. dragging windows around.
-
-    [/etc/profile]
-    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/X11R6/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
-
-### <a name="What_about_package_XYZ_"> </a> What about package XYZ?
-
-See if you can find a useful tip in [[PackageTroubleshooting]].
-
--- [[Main/JoachimNilsson]] - 17 Apr 2005
-
-How about making an afterinstall man page � la !OpenBSD afterboot man page? Anyone could easily convert the current text into an afterinstall.8 page. If nobody else feels up to it I could do it.
-
--- [[Main/JoachimNilsson]] - 22 Jul 2005
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/DebianFAQ.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/DebianFAQ.mdwn
deleted file mode 100644
index 43ace701..00000000
--- a/hurd/running/debian/DebianFAQ.mdwn
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-# <a name="Debian_GNU_Hurd_FAQ"> </a> Debian GNU/Hurd FAQ
-
-See also [[hurd/FAQ]] and [[DebianAfterInstall]]
-
-## <a name="df"> df </a>
-
-There is no /etc/mtab, so just running \`df' will yield an error. Pass df a path like \`df /' or \`df .' to see the disk usage of that particular file system.
-
-## <a name="sshd"> sshd </a>
-
-You need to disable [[PriviledgeSeperation]] in /etc/ssh/sshd\_options. Also make sure you have /dev/random, see below.
-
-## <a name="_dev_random"> /dev/random </a>
-
-There is no random device by default as no secure implementation has been finished yet. An easy (but very insecure) work-around is to copy a binary file like \`/bin/bash' to /dev/random and /dev/urandom.
-
-## <a name="Hurd_console"> Hurd console </a>
-
-Edit /etc/default/hurd-console to configure the Hurd console and enable it on bootup. See [[Hurd/HurdConsole]] for further information about the Hurd console.
-
-## <a name="swap"> swap </a>
-
-## <a name="2GB_partition_limit"> 2GB partition limit </a>
-
-The 2GB limit has been removed in Debian GNU/Hurd.
-
-## <a name="Free_memory"> Free memory </a>
-
-Run \`vmstat' to see memory and swap usage.
-
-## <a name="translators"> translators </a>
-
-## <a name="512MB_RAM_limit"> </a> 512MB RAM limit
-
-GNU Mach does not cope well with lots of memory. Newer versions of the Debian gnumach package will limit themselves to around 1GB of memory. If you have an older version, or still experience problems with vmstat (see above) reported much less memory than you have, the best is to limit the memory it can see via GRUB's upppermem feature. Add \`uppermem 786432' to GRUB's Hurd entry in menu.lst
-
-This should be fixed.
-
-## <a name="xserver_common"> xserver-common </a>
-
-You need to run \`dpkg-reconfigure xserver-common' and select \`Anybody' for starting X as there is no way to detect console users currently.
-
-## <a name="reporting_Bugs"> reporting Bugs </a>
-
-Please try to reproduce bugs which are not obviously Hurd-specific on Debian GNU/Linux and then file them there.
-
-If you find a genuine issue in Debian GNU/Hurd, please file it in our Alioth bug tracker at [http://alioth.debian.org/tracker/?atid=411594&amp;group\_id=30628&amp;func=browse](http://alioth.debian.org/tracker/?atid=411594&group_id=30628&func=browse) If you find a bug in the Hurd or GNU Mach themselves, either file a bug against the respective Debian packages, or directly at <http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd>
-
-## <a name="ps_hangs"> ps hangs </a>
-
-If \`ps' hangs, try \`ps -M' which might still works.
-
-## <a name="porting_packages"> porting packages </a>
-
-## <a name="debugging_glibc"> debugging glibc </a>
-
-To get debugging information for glibc, you need to install the libc0.3-dbg package. At the place gdb looks for debugging symbols by default (/usr/lib/debug/lib/), Debian's libc0.3-dbg stores only frame unwind information. If you want to step into glibc while debugging, you need to add LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=/usr/lib/debug to gdb's environment. If that still does not work, try LD\_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/debug/libc.so.0.3 instead. You can add to gdb's environment via "set env FOO bar" from the gdb command line.
-
-It seems that this is no longer needed with the Debian glibc 2.5 packages, but I may as well be wrong. Have to check that again.
-
-## <a name="debugging_translators"> debugging translators </a>
-
-In order to debug translators and being able to step into glibc during it, you need the hurd-dbg and libc0.3-dbg packages installed. Then start the translator like settrans -P /foo /usr/bin/env LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=/usr/lib/debug /hurd/foofs". The -P option will make it pause and you will be able to attach gdb to the process.
-
-Is starting the translator like this really needed?
-
-## <a name="other_repositories"> other repositories </a>
-
-If you want to use the _apt-get source_ facility, make sure that _/etc/apt/sources.list_ contains a line like
-
-    deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian unstable main
-
-... replacing _de_ with your homeland's code.
-
-## <a name="kernel_logs"> kernel logs </a>
-
-The kernel logs are written to /dev/klog by Mach. Run "cat /dev/klog &gt; foo" as root and hit ctrl+c after a few seconds to catch the logs. You can do this only once and do not do this in single-user mode (where ctrl+c does not work).
-
-## <a name="_bad_hypermeta_data_"> \`bad hypermeta data' </a>
-
-If you get the error \`bad hypermeta data' when trying to mount an ext3 partition from GNU/Linux, that is usually because the file system has not been unmounted cleanly (maybe GNU/Linux got suspended to disk) and the Hurd cannot mount it as ext2 without checking. Either boot back into GNU/Linux and unmount it or you can try to run "fsck.ext3" from GNU/Hurd directly.
-
-----
-
-Page started.
-
--- [[Main/MichaelBanck]] - 14 Mar 2006
-
-Mentioned Hurd FAQ. reformated. -- [[Main/AaronHawley]] - 14 Mar 2006
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/after_install.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/after_install.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5c998c94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hurd/running/debian/after_install.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+First steps after installation.
+
+So you have managed to get past the first `native-install` runs in single-user
+mode?
+
+Time to get to work.
+
+[[toc ]]
+
+
+### Get Networking Running
+
+[[Network]].
+
+Check if your NIC was detected by GNU Mach:
+
+    # devprobe eth0
+
+`devprobe` (run as user *root*) will print `eth0` on successful detection.  If
+it doesn't, your NIC was not detected correctly.  You can then try to do the
+following (also as user *root*) for getting details:
+
+    # cat /dev/klog > ~/klog
+    [Wait a second, then press `Ctrl-C'.]
+
+Now examine the `~/klog` file.
+
+If the NIC was detected:
+
+    # settrans -fgap /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet -i eth0 -a 192.168.1.3 -g 192.168.1.1 -m 255.255.255.0
+
+
+# Setup GRUB
+
+You surely want grub to have a nice menu entry able to boot GNU, instead of
+typing a boring arcane.  There are Debian-specific scripts that may help
+you.  See the [[GrubNotes]] for this.
+
+
+# Setup `apt-get`
+
+Sometimes getting `apt-get` to work is not straightforward.  Good mirrors to
+put in `/etc/apt/sources.list` are (as of Jan 2007):
+
+    deb http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian unstable main contrib
+    deb-src http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian unstable main contrib
+    deb http://ftp.gnuab.org/debian unreleased main
+    deb-src http://ftp.gnuab.org/debian unreleased main
+
+`apt-get` update a couple of times if some file fails to download.
+
+<!-- As long as I am around (which is as off February 2005) I never ever had to
+do such following frobbing.  Should we remove this?  --[[tschwinge]] -->
+
+If when doing your first `apt-get`, `dpkg` complains of missing programs, [try
+to cheat it this
+way](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/1999/05/msg00187.html):
+
+    # ln -s /sbin/ldconfig /bin/ldconfig
+    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/update-rc.d
+    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/start-stop-daemon
+    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/install-info
+    # ln -s /bin/true /bin/update-alternatives
+
+Installing packages without having a network connection is described
+[[Distrib/DebianAptOffline]].
+
+
+# [[translator/Random]]
+
+You often need `scp` and `ssh`.  Sadly the Debian GNU/Hurd does not yet come
+with any default random translator package installed.  See
+[[translator/random]] for details, the following is just a quick recap.
+
+    cd && mkdir tmp && cd tmp
+    wget http://kilobug.free.fr/hurd/random-64.tar.gz
+    tar xvfz random-64.tar.gz
+    cp random /hurd/
+
+    settrans -c /dev/random /hurd/random \
+               --seed-file /var/run/random-seed --secure
+    settrans -c /dev/urandom /hurd/random \
+               --seed-file /var/run/urandom-seed --fast
+    chmod 0644 /dev/random /dev/urandom
+
+    apt-get install ssh
+
+
+# [[Console]]
+
+The latest Hurd package in Debian, plus the `native-install` script, creates
+all necessary device nodes and other magic.  You just need to edit
+`/etc/default/hurd-console` to tune the parameters and tell it to start at
+bootup.
+
+You can also call the Hurd console manually with the proper arguments:
+
+    console -d vga -d pc_kbd --repeat=kbd -d pc_mouse --repeat=mouse \
+            -d generic_speaker -c /dev/vcs
+
+    cd /dev
+    ln -s cons/kbd .
+    ln -s cons/mouse .
+
+
+# [[Hurd/DebianXorg]]
+
+You first must have setup the virtual console.  See above.
+
+Assuming you've installed WindowMaker and have tried running `startx` already:
+
+    [/etc/X11/XF86Config-4]
+
+    Section "Module"
+    #        Load           "dri"
+    #        Load           "speedo"
+             .
+             .
+             .
+    EndSection
+
+    Section "InputDevice"
+            Identifier      "Configured Mouse"
+            Driver          "mouse"
+            Option          "CorePointer"
+            Option          "Device"                "/dev/mouse"
+            Option          "Protocol"              "osmouse"
+    EndSection
+
+Make sure not to have the `Emulate3Buttons` and `ZAxisMapping` settings set, as
+they lead to problems with e.g. dragging windows around.
+
+    [/etc/profile]
+    LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/X11R6/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
+
+# What about package XYZ?
+
+See if you can find a useful tip in [[package_troubleshooting]].
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1892d63f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+Debian GNU/Hurd FAQ.
+
+See also the [[Hurd_FAQ|hurd/FAQ]] and [[after_install]].
+
+[[toc ]]
+
+
+# `df`
+
+There is no `/etc/mtab`, so just running `df` will yield an error.  Pass `df` a
+path like `df /` or `df ./` to see the disk usage of that particular file
+system.
+
+
+# `sshd`
+
+You need to disable `PriviledgeSeperation` in `/etc/ssh/sshd\_options`.  Also
+make sure you have `/dev/random`, see below.
+
+
+# `/dev/random`
+
+There is no random device by default as no secure implementation has been
+finished yet.  An easy (but very insecure) work-around is to copy a binary file
+like `/bin/bash` to `/dev/random` and `/dev/urandom`.
+
+
+# Hurd Console
+
+Edit `/etc/default/hurd-console` to configure the Hurd console and enable it on
+bootup.  See [[console]] for further information about the Hurd console.
+
+
+# Swap
+
+
+# 2 GiB Partition Limit
+
+The 2 GiB limit has been removed in Debian GNU/Hurd.
+
+
+# Free Memory
+
+Run `vmstat` to see memory and swap usage.
+
+
+# Translators
+
+
+# 512 MiB RAM Limit
+
+GNU Mach does not cope well with lots of memory.  Newer versions of the Debian
+`gnumach` package will limit themselves to around 1 GiB of memory.  If you have
+an older version, or still experience problems with `vmstat` (see above)
+reported much less memory than you have, the best is to limit the memory it can
+see via GRUB's `upppermem` feature.  Add `uppermem 786432` to GRUB's Hurd entry
+in `menu.lst`.
+
+This should be fixed.
+
+
+# `xserver-common`
+
+You need to run `dpkg-reconfigure xserver-common` and select `Anybody` for
+starting X as there is no way to detect console users currently.
+
+
+# Reporting Bugs
+
+Please try to reproduce bugs which are not obviously Hurd-specific on Debian
+GNU/Linux and then file them there.
+
+If you find a genuine issue in Debian GNU/Hurd, please file it in our Alioth
+bug tracker at
+[http://alioth.debian.org/tracker/?atid=411594&amp;group\_id=30628&amp;func=browse](http://alioth.debian.org/tracker/?atid=411594&group_id=30628&func=browse)
+If you find a bug in the Hurd or GNU Mach themselves, either file a bug against
+the respective Debian packages, or directly at
+<http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd>
+
+
+# `ps` Hangs
+
+If `ps` hangs, try `ps -M` which might still work.
+
+
+# Porting Packages
+
+
+# Debugging inside glibc
+
+To get [[debugging]] information for glibc, you need to install the
+`libc0.3-dbg` package.  At the place [[debugging/GDB]] looks for debugging
+symbols by default (`/usr/lib/debug/lib/`), Debian's `libc0.3-dbg` stores only
+frame unwind information.  If you want to step into glibc while debugging, you
+need to add `LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=/usr/lib/debug` to GDB's environment.  If that
+still does not work, try `LD\_PRELOAD=/usr/lib/debug/libc.so.0.3` instead.  You
+can add to GDB's environment via `set env FOO bar` from the GDB command line.
+
+It seems that this is no longer needed with the Debian glibc 2.5 packages, but
+I may as well be wrong.  Have to check that again.
+
+
+# Debugging Translators
+
+In order to [[debug|debugging]] translators and being able to step into glibc
+during it, you need the `hurd-dbg` and `libc0.3-dbg` packages installed.  Then
+start the translator like `settrans -P /foo /usr/bin/env
+LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=/usr/lib/debug /hurd/foofs`. The `-P` option will make it
+pause and you will be able to attach [[debugging/GDB]] to the process.
+
+Is starting the translator like this really needed?
+
+
+# Other Repositories
+
+If you want to use the `apt-get source` facility, make sure that
+`/etc/apt/sources.list` contains a line like
+
+    deb-src http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian unstable main
+
+... replacing _de_ with your homeland's code.
+
+
+# Kernel Logs
+
+The kernel logs are written to `/dev/klog`.  Run `cat /dev/klog > foo` as root
+and hit `ctrl+c` after a few seconds to catch the logs.  You can do this only
+once and do not do this in single-user mode (where `ctrl+c` does not work).
+
+
+# `bad hypermeta data`
+
+If you get the error `bad hypermeta data` when trying to mount an ext3
+partition from GNU/Linux, that is usually because the file system has not been
+unmounted cleanly (maybe GNU/Linux got suspended to disk) and the Hurd cannot
+mount it as ext2 without checking.  Either boot back into GNU/Linux and unmount
+it or you can try to run `fsck.ext3` from GNU/Hurd directly.
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/PackageTroubleshooting.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/package_troubleshooting.mdwn
index fe8b6df4..829af8e3 100644
--- a/hurd/running/debian/PackageTroubleshooting.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/running/debian/package_troubleshooting.mdwn
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ It may be that dpkg wants external GNU/Linux-specific programs that it can't fou
 
 ## <a name="SSH_not_working"> </a> SSH not working
 
-You must set up the [[RandomDevice]] first.
+You must set up the [[translator/random]] device first.
 
 ## <a name="An_X_package_hangs_at_startup_wi"> An X package hangs at startup without error messages </a>
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ There are various reasons for this.
        bytes += read(_urandomfd, n - len(bytes))
     KeyboardInterrupt
 
-it is the random device fault. Follow the [[RandomDevice]] guide. If you already did, try _anyway_ to detach and reattach the translators.
+it is the random device fault. Follow the [[translator/random]] guide. If you already did, try _anyway_ to detach and reattach the translators.
 
 ## <a name="Cannot_compile_even_trivial_C_pr"> Cannot compile even trivial C programs </a>
 
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/DebianStatus.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/status.mdwn
index 505c46a5..95e48edc 100644
--- a/hurd/running/debian/DebianStatus.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/running/debian/status.mdwn
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 Debian GNU/Hurd is currently an official, non-releasing Debian port. I.e., there is no testing or stable distribution.
 
  - [Build daemon/archive status](http://unstable.buildd.net/buildd/hurd-i386_stats)
- - [Number of registered users](http://buildd.net/cgi/archvote.phtml)
\ No newline at end of file
+ - [Number of registered users](http://buildd.net/cgi/archvote.phtml)