I have been thinking about how to get rump running for the / filesystem.

Looking at how things go between ext2fs and exec: in grub.cfg we have roughly:

module ext2fs --exec-server-task='${exec-task}' '$(task-create)' '$(task-resume)'
module exec '$(exec-task=task-create)'

i.e. the kernel is told to create two tasks, to pass a reference to the exec task to the ext2fs task, and to let only the ext2fs task to run. What happens then is in diskfs_start_bootstrap, which calls start_execserver, which uses task_set_special_port to set the TASK_BOOTSTRAP_PORT special port to a send right to ext2fs, and resumes the exec task. I.e. basically ext2fs tells exec where it is so that exec can start the userland with / available.

I'm thinking that the same can be used for the rump translator, something like:

module rump --fs-server-task='${fs-task}' '$(task-create)' '$(task-resume)'
module ext2fs --exec-server-task='${exec-task}' '$(fs-task=task-create)'
module exec '$(exec-task=task-create)'

and we'd make rump's initialization use task_set_special_port to set the TASK_BOOTSTRAP_PORT special port of ext2fs to a send right to rump, and resume it. When ext2fs sees that this port is set, it would use it instead of the gnumach-provided _hurd_device_master port to open devices.

And we can nest this yet more for the pci-arbiter:

module pci-arbiter --disk-server-task='${disk-task}' '$(task-create)' '$(task-resume)'
module rump --fs-server-task='${fs-task}' '$(disk-task=task-create)'
module ext2fs --exec-server-task='${exec-task}' '$(fs-task=task-create)'
module exec '$(exec-task=task-create)'

and we'd make pci-arbiter's initialization use task_set_special_port to set the TASK_BOOTSTRAP_PORT special port of rump to a send right to pci-arbiter and resume it. When libpciaccess sees that this port is set, it would use it instead of looking up /server/bus/pci.