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-rw-r--r--ufs-utils/newfs.c679
1 files changed, 679 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/ufs-utils/newfs.c b/ufs-utils/newfs.c
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/ufs-utils/newfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,679 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
+ * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ * must display the following acknowledgement:
+ * This product includes software developed by the University of
+ * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ * without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef lint
+static char copyright[] =
+"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994\n\
+ The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+#ifndef lint
+/*static char sccsid[] = "from: @(#)newfs.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 4/18/94";*/
+static char *rcsid = "$Id: newfs.c,v 1.1 1994/08/23 19:30:43 mib Exp $";
+#endif /* not lint */
+
+/*
+ * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
+ */
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <sys/disklabel.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>
+#include <sys/mount.h>
+
+#include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
+#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <paths.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <syslog.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#if __STDC__
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#else
+#include <varargs.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "mntopts.h"
+
+struct mntopt mopts[] = {
+ MOPT_STDOPTS,
+ MOPT_ASYNC,
+ { NULL },
+};
+
+#if __STDC__
+void fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
+#else
+void fatal();
+#endif
+
+#define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */
+
+/*
+ * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
+ * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
+ * MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
+ * sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
+ * DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
+ */
+#define DFL_FRAGSIZE 1024
+#define DFL_BLKSIZE 8192
+
+/*
+ * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
+ * number used depends upon how much information can be stored
+ * on a single cylinder. The default is to use 16 cylinders
+ * per group.
+ */
+#define DESCPG 16 /* desired fs_cpg */
+
+/*
+ * ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
+ * another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
+ * determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
+ * within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
+ */
+#define ROTDELAY 4
+
+/*
+ * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
+ * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
+ * block worth of data blocks.
+ */
+#define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
+
+/*
+ * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
+ * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
+ * to be far more than we will ever need.
+ */
+#define NFPI 4
+
+/*
+ * For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
+ * rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
+ * up with minimum rotational latency. NRPOS is the default number of
+ * rotational positions that we distinguish. With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
+ * of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
+ */
+#define NRPOS 8 /* number distinct rotational positions */
+
+
+int mfs; /* run as the memory based filesystem */
+int Nflag; /* run without writing file system */
+int Oflag; /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
+int fssize; /* file system size */
+int ntracks; /* # tracks/cylinder */
+int nsectors; /* # sectors/track */
+int nphyssectors; /* # sectors/track including spares */
+int secpercyl; /* sectors per cylinder */
+int trackspares = -1; /* spare sectors per track */
+int cylspares = -1; /* spare sectors per cylinder */
+int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */
+#ifdef tahoe
+int realsectorsize; /* bytes/sector in hardware */
+#endif
+int rpm; /* revolutions/minute of drive */
+int interleave; /* hardware sector interleave */
+int trackskew = -1; /* sector 0 skew, per track */
+int headswitch; /* head switch time, usec */
+int trackseek; /* track-to-track seek, usec */
+int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */
+int bsize = 0; /* block size */
+int cpg = DESCPG; /* cylinders/cylinder group */
+int cpgflg; /* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
+int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */
+int opt = DEFAULTOPT; /* optimization preference (space or time) */
+int density; /* number of bytes per inode */
+int maxcontig = 0; /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
+int rotdelay = ROTDELAY; /* rotational delay between blocks */
+int maxbpg; /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
+int nrpos = NRPOS; /* # of distinguished rotational positions */
+int bbsize = BBSIZE; /* boot block size */
+int sbsize = SBSIZE; /* superblock size */
+int mntflags = MNT_ASYNC; /* flags to be passed to mount */
+u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */
+caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */
+#ifdef COMPAT
+char *disktype;
+int unlabeled;
+#endif
+
+char device[MAXPATHLEN];
+char *progname;
+
+int
+main(argc, argv)
+ int argc;
+ char *argv[];
+{
+ extern char *optarg;
+ extern int optind;
+ register int ch;
+ register struct partition *pp;
+ register struct disklabel *lp;
+ struct disklabel *getdisklabel();
+ struct partition oldpartition;
+ struct stat st;
+ struct statfs *mp;
+ int fsi, fso, len, n;
+ char *cp, *s1, *s2, *special, *opstring, buf[BUFSIZ];
+
+ if (progname = rindex(*argv, '/'))
+ ++progname;
+ else
+ progname = *argv;
+
+ if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
+ mfs = 1;
+ Nflag++;
+ }
+
+ opstring = mfs ?
+ "NT:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:m:o:s:" :
+ "NOS:T:a:b:c:d:e:f:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:x:";
+ while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != EOF)
+ switch (ch) {
+ case 'N':
+ Nflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'O':
+ Oflag = 1;
+ break;
+ case 'S':
+ if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
+ break;
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ case 'T':
+ disktype = optarg;
+ break;
+#endif
+ case 'a':
+ if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks\n",
+ optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'b':
+ if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
+ fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
+ cpgflg++;
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad rotational delay\n", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'e':
+ if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group\n",
+ optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'f':
+ if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'i':
+ if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode\n", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'k':
+ if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'l':
+ if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'm':
+ if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
+ fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'n':
+ if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count\n",
+ optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'o':
+ if (mfs)
+ getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags);
+ else {
+ if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
+ opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
+ else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
+ opt = FS_OPTTIME;
+ else
+ fatal("%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'.");
+ }
+ break;
+ case 'p':
+ if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
+ optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'r':
+ if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad revolutions/minute\n", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 's':
+ if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 't':
+ if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'u':
+ if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
+ break;
+ case 'x':
+ if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
+ optarg);
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ usage();
+ }
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
+ usage();
+
+ special = argv[0];
+ cp = rindex(special, '/');
+ if (cp == 0) {
+ /*
+ * No path prefix; try /dev/r%s then /dev/%s.
+ */
+ (void)sprintf(device, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
+ if (stat(device, &st) == -1)
+ (void)sprintf(device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, special);
+ special = device;
+ }
+ if (Nflag) {
+ fso = -1;
+ } else {
+ fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
+ if (fso < 0)
+ fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+
+ /* Bail if target special is mounted */
+ n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
+ if (n == 0)
+ fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+
+ len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
+ s1 = special;
+ if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
+ s1 += len;
+
+ while (--n >= 0) {
+ s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
+ if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
+ s2 += len - 1;
+ *s2 = 'r';
+ }
+ if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
+ fatal("%s is mounted on %s",
+ special, mp->f_mntonname);
+ ++mp;
+ }
+ }
+ if (mfs && disktype != NULL) {
+ lp = (struct disklabel *)getdiskbyname(disktype);
+ if (lp == NULL)
+ fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
+ pp = &lp->d_partitions[1];
+ } else {
+ fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
+ if (fsi < 0)
+ fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+ if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
+ if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs)
+ printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
+ progname, special);
+ cp = index(argv[0], '\0') - 1;
+ if (cp == 0 || (*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))
+ fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition",
+ argv[0]);
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
+ disktype = argv[1];
+#endif
+ lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi);
+ if (isdigit(*cp))
+ pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
+ else
+ pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
+ if (pp->p_size == 0)
+ fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable",
+ argv[0], *cp);
+ if (pp->p_fstype == FS_BOOT)
+ fatal("%s: `%c' partition overlaps boot program",
+ argv[0], *cp);
+ }
+ if (fssize == 0)
+ fssize = pp->p_size;
+ if (fssize > pp->p_size && !mfs)
+ fatal("%s: maximum file system size on the `%c' partition is %d",
+ argv[0], *cp, pp->p_size);
+ if (rpm == 0) {
+ rpm = lp->d_rpm;
+ if (rpm <= 0)
+ rpm = 3600;
+ }
+ if (ntracks == 0) {
+ ntracks = lp->d_ntracks;
+ if (ntracks <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
+ }
+ if (nsectors == 0) {
+ nsectors = lp->d_nsectors;
+ if (nsectors <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
+ }
+ if (sectorsize == 0) {
+ sectorsize = lp->d_secsize;
+ if (sectorsize <= 0)
+ fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
+ }
+ if (trackskew == -1) {
+ trackskew = lp->d_trackskew;
+ if (trackskew < 0)
+ trackskew = 0;
+ }
+ if (interleave == 0) {
+ interleave = lp->d_interleave;
+ if (interleave <= 0)
+ interleave = 1;
+ }
+ if (fsize == 0) {
+ fsize = pp->p_fsize;
+ if (fsize <= 0)
+ fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, lp->d_secsize);
+ }
+ if (bsize == 0) {
+ bsize = pp->p_frag * pp->p_fsize;
+ if (bsize <= 0)
+ bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
+ }
+ /*
+ * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
+ * that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering
+ * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
+ * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
+ */
+ if (maxcontig == 0)
+ maxcontig = MAX(1, MIN(MAXPHYS, MAXBSIZE) / bsize - 1);
+ if (density == 0)
+ density = NFPI * fsize;
+ if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
+ fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
+ opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
+ }
+ if (trackspares == -1) {
+ trackspares = lp->d_sparespertrack;
+ if (trackspares < 0)
+ trackspares = 0;
+ }
+ nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
+ if (cylspares == -1) {
+ cylspares = lp->d_sparespercyl;
+ if (cylspares < 0)
+ cylspares = 0;
+ }
+ secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
+ if (secpercyl != lp->d_secpercyl)
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%lu)\n",
+ "Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
+ "disagrees with disk label", lp->d_secpercyl);
+ if (maxbpg == 0)
+ maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
+ headswitch = lp->d_headswitch;
+ trackseek = lp->d_trkseek;
+#ifdef notdef /* label may be 0 if faked up by kernel */
+ bbsize = lp->d_bbsize;
+ sbsize = lp->d_sbsize;
+#endif
+ oldpartition = *pp;
+#ifdef tahoe
+ realsectorsize = sectorsize;
+ if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) { /* XXX */
+ int secperblk = DEV_BSIZE / sectorsize;
+
+ sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
+ nsectors /= secperblk;
+ nphyssectors /= secperblk;
+ secpercyl /= secperblk;
+ fssize /= secperblk;
+ pp->p_size /= secperblk;
+ }
+#endif
+ mkfs(pp, special, fsi, fso);
+#ifdef tahoe
+ if (realsectorsize != DEV_BSIZE)
+ pp->p_size *= DEV_BSIZE / realsectorsize;
+#endif
+ if (!Nflag && bcmp(pp, &oldpartition, sizeof(oldpartition)))
+ rewritelabel(special, fso, lp);
+ if (!Nflag)
+ close(fso);
+ close(fsi);
+#ifdef MFS
+ if (mfs) {
+ struct mfs_args args;
+
+ sprintf(buf, "mfs:%d", getpid());
+ args.fspec = buf;
+ args.export.ex_root = -2;
+ if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY)
+ args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY;
+ else
+ args.export.ex_flags = 0;
+ args.base = membase;
+ args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
+ if (mount(MOUNT_MFS, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
+ fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
+ }
+#endif
+ exit(0);
+}
+
+#ifdef COMPAT
+char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified";
+#else
+char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label";
+#endif
+
+struct disklabel *
+getdisklabel(s, fd)
+ char *s;
+ int fd;
+{
+ static struct disklabel lab;
+
+ if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ if (disktype) {
+ struct disklabel *lp, *getdiskbyname();
+
+ unlabeled++;
+ lp = getdiskbyname(disktype);
+ if (lp == NULL)
+ fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
+ return (lp);
+ }
+#endif
+ warn("ioctl (GDINFO)");
+ fatal(lmsg, s);
+ }
+ return (&lab);
+}
+
+rewritelabel(s, fd, lp)
+ char *s;
+ int fd;
+ register struct disklabel *lp;
+{
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ if (unlabeled)
+ return;
+#endif
+ lp->d_checksum = 0;
+ lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp);
+ if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) {
+ warn("ioctl (WDINFO)");
+ fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s);
+ }
+#if vax
+ if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) {
+ register i;
+ int cfd;
+ daddr_t alt;
+ char specname[64];
+ char blk[1024];
+ char *cp;
+
+ /*
+ * Make name for 'c' partition.
+ */
+ strcpy(specname, s);
+ cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1;
+ if (!isdigit(*cp))
+ *cp = 'c';
+ cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY);
+ if (cfd < 0)
+ fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno));
+ bzero(blk, sizeof(blk));
+ *(struct disklabel *)(blk + LABELOFFSET) = *lp;
+ alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors;
+ for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) {
+ if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)(alt + i) * lp->d_secsize,
+ L_SET) == -1)
+ fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s",
+ strerror(errno));
+ if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize)
+ warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
+ }
+ close(cfd);
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*VARARGS*/
+void
+#if __STDC__
+fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
+#else
+fatal(fmt, va_alist)
+ char *fmt;
+ va_dcl
+#endif
+{
+ va_list ap;
+
+#if __STDC__
+ va_start(ap, fmt);
+#else
+ va_start(ap);
+#endif
+ if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) {
+ openlog(progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
+ vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
+ closelog();
+ } else {
+ vwarnx(fmt, ap);
+ }
+ va_end(ap);
+ exit(1);
+ /*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+usage()
+{
+ if (mfs) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n",
+ progname);
+ } else
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
+ progname,
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ " [device-type]");
+#else
+ "");
+#endif
+ fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-O create a 4.3BSD format filesystem\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
+#ifdef COMPAT
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
+#endif
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
+ exit(1);
+}