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| -rw-r--r-- | release/INSTALL-binary | 151 |
1 files changed, 112 insertions, 39 deletions
diff --git a/release/INSTALL-binary b/release/INSTALL-binary index 3cb1b8f4..c42c8655 100644 --- a/release/INSTALL-binary +++ b/release/INSTALL-binary @@ -13,26 +13,104 @@ Library General Public when distributing this binary snapshot. See /share/misc/COPYING and /share/misc/COPYING.LIB for copies of these licenses. +If you have noticed that these steps are rather long and a bit too +complex, you are right. But we didn't want to delay the release just +in order to make the installation prettier. You can rest assured, +however: Making it prettier and easier is one of our more important +priorities. + STEP I: +Fetch the file `grub-boot.image' from the FTP site. It should be +in the same directory as the Hurd binary image tar file. Copy this +file onto a fresh floppy with the command: + dd if=grub-boot.image of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 +This is your `grub boot floppy', referred to below. + Unpack the binary distribution onto a fresh disk partition, which needs to be BSD FFS format. The boot loader we use (GRUB) does not yet understand how to boot from a Linux ext2fs filesystem, though this is expected to change very soon. Make the disk partition with newfs or mkfs on your favorite BSD -system. Then unpack the binaries with tar onto that partition. +system. Then unpack the binaries with tar onto that partition. It is +strongly suggested that you dedicate a new disk to the Hurd. If you +have BSD, but you don't understand how to set up disks, it will +probably be easier to use NetBSD boot floppies. -[If you do not have a system running BSD, the NetBSD 2-floppy install +If you do not have a system running BSD, the NetBSD 2-floppy install set contains enough tools to make a new filesystem using newfs and -copy to it from nfs.] +copy to it from nfs. You can fetch these floppies from ftp.netbsd.org +in the directory /pub/NetBSD/arch/i386/floppies. The NetBSD install +script will start automatically when you boot from the floppies, and +we suggest you use it in order to partition and set up your disk. + +We plan to have our own boot floppies soon. + +Here are detailed instructions for this step, assuming you are using +NetBSD boot floppies, and you have the Hurd binary snapshot unpacked +somewhere accessible via nfs. It is assumed here that your machine's +network address is MY-ADDR and that the nfs server's address is +SERVER-ADDR. The nfs mountpoint on the server is presumed to be +SERVER-DIR. (MY-ADDR and SERVER-ADDR should be IP addresses in dot +notation, not hostnames.) Your server and your new machine need to be +on the same network. + +If you installing this way, you probably want to do STEP II first, +because your nfs server probably has more convenient editors than the +NetBSd boot floppies. The boot floppies have only ed. + +I.A. Fetch the netbsd boot floppies. +I.B. Boot the `kernel' floppy, and switch to the `filesystem' floppy + when instructed. +I.C. Proceed through the NetBSD automated installation script. + When you are asked if you want to view the boot messages again, + say yes. Then answer the disk geometry questions correctly, + copying from what was printed at boot time. +I.D. Tell the script that you want to use cylinders, not sectors, + in specifying sizes. +I.E. VERY IMPORTANT: Make the size of your `NetBSD' portion one + cylinder less than the total amount listed. If the script + tells you that you have 3045 cylinders, then say you want the + NetBSD portion to be 3044 cylinders long. +I.F. VERY IMPORTANT: Tell the script that your `NetBSD' portion + should start at cylinder 1. Not 0. 1. +I.G. Then allocate however much disk you want to your root partition + and to your swap partition. The root partition must be big + enough to hold the entire Hurd binary snapshot; it is strongly + recommended that you make it a fair bit bigger than that. It is + quite satisfactory to use only one filesystem partition in the + Hurd. +I.H. If you specify partitions beyond the root partition and swap, + the script will ask you for a `mount point'. Type anything you + like, it won't matter. +I.I. Affirm to the over-eagerly questioning script that you really do + want to smash your disk. NetBSD will proceed to create + filesystems on all the partitions you specified in I.G-H. +I.J. When the script says "populating ..." hit ^C. You are now done + with the script. + +I.K. cd to /mnt. For each mount point that was gratuitously created + in step I.H, say `umount NAME'. Then say `rm -rf * .*'. Make + sure you are really in /mnt. This will delete whatever NetBSD + has put on your new partition. +I.L. Initialize the network with `ifconfig DEV MY-ADDR'. DEV was + printed by the kernel when it booted; type `more /kern/msgbuf' + if you want to see those messages again. (Sometimes ifconfig + says that something is "offline". Ignore it.) +I.M. Mount the NFS server partition with the conveniente command + `mount SERVER-ADDR:SERVER-DIR /mnt2'. +I.N. Copy the Hurd onto your disk with the command + (cd /mnt2; tar cf - .) | (cd mnt; tar xfpv -) +I.O. Don't shutdown NetBSD yet. If you haven't done STEP II yet, + then do it now; otherwise go on to STEP III. + - STEP II: -You probably need to change the device on which paging is done. This -is done in a file in the Hurd partition called `boot/servers.boot', on +You might need to change the device on which paging is done. This is +done in a file in the Hurd partition called `boot/servers.boot', on the line which looks like: /dev/sd0b $(add-paging-file) $(default-pager) @@ -42,38 +120,17 @@ name (this is a mach partition name), or comment out the line if you don't want paging. Note that you don't have to do anything to initialize swap partitions, unlike Linux. -You also need to edit the file boot/boot-menu.grub. Change both root -specifications to match your partition. Note that these -specifications say `hd' for scsi disks, and have a slightly different -syntax. - -Fsck and unmount the new partition before using it, to make sure it's -clean. STEP III: -Install the grub bootloader. - -The instructions for installing grub are found in INSTALL-grub, which -is a copy of the installation instructions at -http://www.uruk.org/grub. - -We have included binaries for the various pieces of grub in /boot/grub -on your Hurd partition. So you can follow the grub installation -instructions without needing to build the actual grub pieces. - -You may want to switch to using grub entirely; it is able to most -other kernels too. Full instructions are available on at -http://www.uruk.org/grub, or in the grub source (which you should find -wherever you picked up this binary release). - - - -STEP IV: - -Boot the system with grub. You should get a grub boot menu with two -entries, `hurd' and `hurd-single'. Select hurd-single. +You can now boot the Hurd. Boot the grub boot floppy. When the menu +comes up, select one of the single user boot commands, depending on +whether you have a SCSI disk (sd0) or an IDE type disk (hd0). If you +put the Hurd on something other than partition `a', then you will need +to edit the boot commands appropriately before booting. (Editing the +commands using grub only affects what you boot that time, it does not +affect what the floppy does the next time you boot it.) Mach should load, and then the Hurd should start, saying something like: @@ -82,7 +139,7 @@ Mach should load, and then the Hurd should start, saying something like: bash# -STEP V: +STEP IV: When GNU boots the first time, you might see some confusing messages, and you may notice that pipes don't work. @@ -94,7 +151,7 @@ Hurd system, say This will set up some initial translators so that the system runs normally, and then offer to reboot the system. When it comes back up, -boot it single-user again, so that you can do step VI. +boot it single-user again, so that you can do step V. NOTE: Do NOT RUN BSD FSCK on a Hurd FFS! @@ -112,13 +169,29 @@ NOTE: Do NOT RUN BSD FSCK on a Hurd FFS! extensions.) +STEP V: + +If you want to be able to boot this disk without using the floppy each +time, then run the script /INSTALL-GRUB-MBR; give it the arg the name +of your disk without any partition. Something like + +/INSTALL-GRUB-MBR sd0 + +is called for. + +The menu that grub provides is found in /boot/grub/menu.lst. You can +edit that file to change what options the menu provides. (You can +change the one on the floppy by mounting the filesystem it contains +and editing the file there.) + + STEP VI: Now you have a Hurd system. But in order to make it fully usable, do the following: -*** making devices +*** make devices cd to /dev and make devices. Say `MAKEDEV dev1 dev2 dev3 ...'. @@ -159,7 +232,7 @@ nameserver to work properly. -*** mounting partitions +*** mount partitions You can mount a partition (say hd0a) by saying: @@ -185,7 +258,7 @@ You can make it readonly thus: For more information on settrans, see the end of this file. -*** mounting nfs +*** mount nfs NFS mounts, not surprisingly, are done thus: |