Wed Apr 22 16:29:18 1998 Thomas Bushnell, n/BSG <tb@mit.edu>

	* ping.c: New file.  Originally P.D. from US Army; then modified
	by BSD, then added to Linux.  Taken from Linux ping and adapted
	for Hurd and submitted for inclusion by Kunihiro Ishiguro
	(kunihiro@zebra.org).
	* Makefile (targets): Add `ping'.
	(SRCS): Add `ping.c'.
	(ping-CPPFLAGS): New variable, to find <linux/icmp.h> in the
	pfinet sources.
	(INSTALL-ping-ops): Install ping suid root.
	(ping): Depend on `../libthreads/libthreads.a'.

1 files changed, 1212 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/utils/ping.c b/utils/ping.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..57977459
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utils/ping.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1212 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
+ * Mike Muuss.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ *    must display the following acknowledgement:
+ *	This product includes software developed by the University of
+ *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+ * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+ *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+ *    without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+ * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+ * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+ * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+ * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+ * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+ * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+ * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+ * SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+char copyright[] =
+  "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n"
+  "All rights reserved.\n";
+/*
+ * From: @(#)ping.c	5.9 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
+ */
+char rcsid[] = "$Id: ping.c,v 1.1 1998/04/22 20:37:07 tb Exp $";
+char pkg[] = "netkit-base-0.10";
+
+/*
+ *			P I N G . C
+ *
+ * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility,
+ * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths.
+ *
+ * Author -
+ *	Mike Muuss
+ *	U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory
+ *	December, 1983
+ *
+ * Status -
+ *	Public Domain.  Distribution Unlimited.
+ * Bugs -
+ *	More statistics could always be gathered.
+ *	This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket.
+ */
+
+#include <sys/param.h>
+#include <sys/socket.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/signal.h>
+
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include <netinet/ip.h>
+#include <linux/icmp.h>
+/* #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> */
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <netdb.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include <cthreads.h>
+/*
+ * Note: on some systems dropping root makes the process dumpable or
+ * traceable. In that case if you enable dropping root and someone
+ * traces ping, they get control of a raw socket and can start
+ * spoofing whatever packets they like. SO BE CAREFUL.
+ */
+#ifdef __linux__
+#define SAFE_TO_DROP_ROOT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GLIBC__) && (__GLIBC__ >= 2) && (__GLIBC_MINOR__ != 0)
+#define icmphdr			icmp
+#define ICMP_DEST_UNREACH	ICMP_UNREACH
+#define ICMP_NET_UNREACH	ICMP_UNREACH_NET
+#define ICMP_HOST_UNREACH	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST
+#define ICMP_PORT_UNREACH	ICMP_UNREACH_PORT
+#define ICMP_PROT_UNREACH	ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL
+#define ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED	ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG
+#define ICMP_SR_FAILED		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL
+#define ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN	ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN
+#define ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN
+#define ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED	ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED
+#define ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS	ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET
+#define ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS	ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST
+#define ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH	ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH
+#define ICMP_REDIR_NET		ICMP_REDIRECT_NET
+#define ICMP_REDIR_HOST		ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST
+#define ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS	ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET
+#define ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS	ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST
+#define ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED	ICMP_TIMXCEED
+#define ICMP_EXC_TTL		ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS
+#define ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME	ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS
+#define	ICMP_PARAMETERPROB	ICMP_PARAMPROB
+#define ICMP_TIMESTAMP		ICMP_TSTAMP
+#define ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY	ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY
+#define ICMP_INFO_REQUEST	ICMP_IREQ
+#define ICMP_INFO_REPLY		ICMP_IREQREPLY
+#else
+#define ICMP_MINLEN	28
+#define inet_ntoa(x) inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *)&(x)))
+#endif
+
+#define	DEFDATALEN	(64 - 8)	/* default data length */
+#define	MAXIPLEN	60
+#define	MAXICMPLEN	76
+#define	MAXPACKET	(65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */
+#define	MAXWAIT		10		/* max seconds to wait for response */
+#define	NROUTES		9		/* number of record route slots */
+
+#define	A(bit)		rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3]	/* identify byte in array */
+#define	B(bit)		(1 << ((bit) & 0x07))	/* identify bit in byte */
+#define	SET(bit)	(A(bit) |= B(bit))
+#define	CLR(bit)	(A(bit) &= (~B(bit)))
+#define	TST(bit)	(A(bit) & B(bit))
+
+/* various options */
+int options;
+#define	F_FLOOD		0x001
+#define	F_INTERVAL	0x002
+#define	F_NUMERIC	0x004
+#define	F_PINGFILLED	0x008
+#define	F_QUIET		0x010
+#define	F_RROUTE	0x020
+#define	F_SO_DEBUG	0x040
+#define	F_SO_DONTROUTE	0x080
+#define	F_VERBOSE	0x100
+
+/* multicast options */
+int moptions;
+#define MULTICAST_NOLOOP	0x001
+#define MULTICAST_TTL		0x002
+#define MULTICAST_IF		0x004
+
+/*
+ * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum
+ * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of.  Change 128
+ * to 8192 for complete accuracy...
+ */
+#define	MAX_DUP_CHK	(8 * 128)
+int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK;
+char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8];
+
+struct sockaddr whereto;	/* who to ping */
+int datalen = DEFDATALEN;
+int s;				/* socket file descriptor */
+u_char outpack[MAXPACKET];
+char BSPACE = '\b';		/* characters written for flood */
+char DOT = '.';
+static char *hostname;
+static int ident;		/* process id to identify our packets */
+
+/* counters */
+static long npackets;		/* max packets to transmit */
+static long nreceived;		/* # of packets we got back */
+static long nrepeats;		/* number of duplicates */
+static long ntransmitted;	/* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */
+static int interval = 1;	/* interval between packets */
+
+/* timing */
+static int timing;		/* flag to do timing */
+static long tmin = LONG_MAX;	/* minimum round trip time */
+static long tmax = 0;		/* maximum round trip time */
+static u_long tsum;		/* sum of all times, for doing average */
+
+/* protos */
+static char *pr_addr(u_long);
+static int in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len);
+static void catcher(int);
+static void finish(int ignore);
+static void pinger(void);
+static void fill(void *bp, char *patp);
+static void usage(void);
+static void pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from);
+static void tvsub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in);
+static void pr_icmph(struct icmphdr *icp);
+static void pr_retip(struct ip *ip);
+
+/* Sorry for quick hack -- Kunihiro. */
+#define MAXHOSTNAMELEN 256
+
+/* Only wrapper to call pinger (). */
+pinger_wrapper ()
+{
+  for (;;)
+    {
+      pinger ();
+      sleep (interval);
+    }
+}
+
+int
+main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct timeval timeout;
+	struct hostent *hp;
+	struct sockaddr_in *to;
+	struct protoent *proto;
+	struct in_addr ifaddr;
+	int i;
+	int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload;
+	u_char *datap, *packet;
+	char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
+	u_char ttl, loop;
+	int am_i_root;
+#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
+	char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1];	/* record route space */
+#endif
+
+	static char *null = NULL;
+	__environ = &null;
+	am_i_root = (getuid()==0);
+
+	cthread_init ();
+	
+	/*
+	 * Pull this stuff up front so we can drop root if desired.
+	 */
+	if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) {
+		(void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n");
+		exit(2);
+	}
+	if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) {
+		if (errno==EPERM) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "ping: ping must run as root\n");
+		}
+		else perror("ping: socket");
+		exit(2);
+	}
+
+#ifdef SAFE_TO_DROP_ROOT
+	setuid(getuid());
+#endif
+
+	preload = 0;
+	datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
+	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "I:LRc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:t:v")) != EOF)
+		switch(ch) {
+		case 'c':
+			npackets = atoi(optarg);
+			if (npackets <= 0) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n");
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			options |= F_SO_DEBUG;
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			if (!am_i_root) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM));
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			options |= F_FLOOD;
+			setbuf(stdout, NULL);
+			break;
+		case 'i':		/* wait between sending packets */
+			interval = atoi(optarg);
+			if (interval <= 0) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: bad timing interval.\n");
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			options |= F_INTERVAL;
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			if (!am_i_root) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM));
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			preload = atoi(optarg);
+			if (preload < 0) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: bad preload value.\n");
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'n':
+			options |= F_NUMERIC;
+			break;
+		case 'p':		/* fill buffer with user pattern */
+			options |= F_PINGFILLED;
+			fill(datap, optarg);
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			options |= F_QUIET;
+			break;
+		case 'R':
+			options |= F_RROUTE;
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE;
+			break;
+		case 's':		/* size of packet to send */
+			datalen = atoi(optarg);
+			if (datalen > MAXPACKET) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: packet size too large.\n");
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			if (datalen <= 0) {
+				(void)fprintf(stderr,
+				    "ping: illegal packet size.\n");
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'v':
+			options |= F_VERBOSE;
+			break;
+		case 'L':
+			moptions |= MULTICAST_NOLOOP;
+			loop = 0;
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			moptions |= MULTICAST_TTL;
+			i = atoi(optarg);
+			if (i < 0 || i > 255) {
+				printf("ttl %u out of range\n", i);
+				exit(2);
+			}
+			ttl = i;
+			break;
+		case 'I':
+			moptions |= MULTICAST_IF;
+			{
+				int i1, i2, i3, i4;
+				char junk;
+
+				if (sscanf(optarg, "%u.%u.%u.%u%c",
+					   &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4, &junk) != 4) {
+					printf("bad interface address '%s'\n",
+					       optarg);
+					exit(2);
+				}
+				ifaddr.s_addr = (i1<<24)|(i2<<16)|(i3<<8)|i4;
+				ifaddr.s_addr = htonl(ifaddr.s_addr);
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			usage();
+		}
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+	
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage();
+	target = *argv;
+
+	memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+	to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto;
+	to->sin_family = AF_INET;
+	if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr)) {
+		hostname = target;
+	}
+	else {
+		hp = gethostbyname(target);
+		if (!hp) {
+			(void)fprintf(stderr,
+			    "ping: unknown host %s\n", target);
+			exit(2);
+		}
+		to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
+		if (hp->h_length > (int)sizeof(to->sin_addr)) {
+			hp->h_length = sizeof(to->sin_addr);
+		}
+		memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
+		(void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1);
+		hostname = hnamebuf;
+	}
+
+	if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) {
+		(void)fprintf(stderr,
+		    "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n");
+		exit(2);
+	}
+
+	if (datalen >= (int)sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */
+		timing = 1;
+	packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN;
+	packet = malloc((u_int)packlen);
+	if (!packet) {
+		(void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n");
+		exit(2);
+	}
+	if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED))
+		for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i)
+			*datap++ = i;
+
+	ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF;
+	hold = 1;
+
+	if (options & F_SO_DEBUG)
+		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold,
+		    sizeof(hold));
+
+	if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE)
+		(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold,
+		    sizeof(hold));
+
+	/* this is necessary for broadcast pings to work */
+	setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold));
+
+	/* record route option */
+	if (options & F_RROUTE) {
+#ifdef IP_OPTIONS
+	        memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace));
+		rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR;
+		rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1;
+		rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF;
+		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace,
+		    sizeof(rspace)) < 0) {
+			perror("ping: record route");
+			exit(2);
+		}
+#else
+		(void)fprintf(stderr,
+		  "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n");
+		exit(2);
+#endif /* IP_OPTIONS */
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers.
+	 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the
+	 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for
+	 * /etc/ethers.
+	 */
+	hold = 48 * 1024;
+	(void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold,
+	    sizeof(hold));
+
+/*#if 0*/
+	if (moptions & MULTICAST_NOLOOP) {
+		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP,
+							&loop, 1) == -1) {
+			perror ("can't disable multicast loopback");
+			exit(92);
+		}
+	}
+	if (moptions & MULTICAST_TTL) {
+		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL,
+							&ttl, 1) == -1) {
+			perror ("can't set multicast time-to-live");
+			exit(93);
+		}
+	}
+	if (moptions & MULTICAST_IF) {
+		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF,
+					&ifaddr, sizeof(ifaddr)) == -1) {
+			perror ("can't set multicast source interface");
+			exit(94);
+		}
+	}
+/*#endif*/
+
+	if (to->sin_family == AF_INET)
+		(void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname,
+		    inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr),
+		    datalen);
+	else
+		(void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen);
+
+	(void)signal(SIGINT, finish);
+
+	/* I replace this with thread -- Kunihiro
+	(void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
+	*/
+	
+
+	while (preload--)		/* fire off them quickies */
+		pinger();
+
+	if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0)
+	  cthread_detach (cthread_fork ((cthread_fn_t) pinger_wrapper, NULL));
+
+
+	for (;;) {
+		struct sockaddr_in from;
+		register int cc;
+		size_t fromlen;
+
+		if (options & F_FLOOD) {
+			pinger();
+			timeout.tv_sec = 0;
+			timeout.tv_usec = 10000;
+			fdmask = 1 << s;
+			if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL,
+			    (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1)
+				continue;
+		}
+		fromlen = sizeof(from);
+		if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0,
+		    (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) {
+			if (errno == EINTR)
+				continue;
+			perror("ping: recvfrom");
+			continue;
+		}
+		pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from);
+		if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)
+			break;
+	}
+	finish(0);
+	/* NOTREACHED */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * catcher --
+ *	This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then
+ * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now.
+ * 
+ * bug --
+ *	Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be
+ * launched exactly at 1-second intervals).  This does not affect the
+ * quality of the delay and loss statistics.
+ */
+static void
+catcher(int ignore)
+{
+	int waittime;
+
+	(void)ignore;
+	pinger();
+	(void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher);
+	if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets)
+		alarm((u_int)interval);
+	else {
+		if (nreceived) {
+			waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000;
+			if (!waittime)
+				waittime = 1;
+			if (waittime > MAXWAIT)
+				waittime = MAXWAIT;
+		} else
+			waittime = MAXWAIT;
+		(void)signal(SIGALRM, finish);
+		(void)alarm((u_int)waittime);
+	}
+}
+
+/* This is quick hack to compile this file under old Linux's linux/icmp.h */
+#if defined(__GLIBC__) && (__GLIBC__ >= 2)
+#define icmp_type type
+#define icmp_code code
+#define icmp_cksum checksum
+#define icmp_id un.echo.id
+#define icmp_seq un.echo.sequence
+#define icmp_gwaddr un.gateway
+#else
+#define ip_hl ihl
+#define ip_v version
+#define ip_tos tos
+#define ip_len tot_len
+#define ip_id id
+#define ip_off frag_off
+#define ip_ttl ttl
+#define ip_p protocol
+#define ip_sum check
+#define ip_src saddr
+#define ip_dst daddr
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * pinger --
+ * 	Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet.  The IP packet
+ * will be added on by the kernel.  The ID field is our UNIX process ID,
+ * and the sequence number is an ascending integer.  The first 8 bytes
+ * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX
+ * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time.
+ */
+static void
+pinger(void)
+{
+	register struct icmphdr *icp;
+	register int cc;
+	int i;
+
+	icp = (struct icmphdr *)outpack;
+	icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO;
+	icp->icmp_code = 0;
+	icp->icmp_cksum = 0;
+	icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++;
+	icp->icmp_id = ident;			/* ID */
+
+	CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
+
+	if (timing)
+		(void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8],
+		    (struct timezone *)NULL);
+
+	cc = datalen + 8;			/* skips ICMP portion */
+
+	/* compute ICMP checksum here */
+	icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc);
+
+	i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto,
+	    sizeof(struct sockaddr));
+
+	if (i < 0 || i != cc)  {
+		if (i < 0)
+			perror("ping: sendto");
+		(void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n",
+		    hostname, cc, i);
+	}
+	if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD)
+		(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pr_pack --
+ *	Print out the packet, if it came from us.  This logic is necessary
+ * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets
+ * which arrive ('tis only fair).  This permits multiple copies of this
+ * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!).
+ */
+void
+pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from)
+{
+	register struct icmphdr *icp;
+	register int i;
+	register u_char *cp,*dp;
+/*#if 0*/
+	register u_long l;
+	register int j;
+	static int old_rrlen;
+	static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN];
+/*#endif*/
+	struct ip *ip;
+	struct timeval tv, *tp;
+	long triptime = 0;
+	int hlen, dupflag;
+
+	(void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+
+	/* Check the IP header */
+	ip = (struct ip *)buf;
+	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
+	if (cc < datalen + ICMP_MINLEN) {
+		if (options & F_VERBOSE)
+			(void)fprintf(stderr,
+			  "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
+			  inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Now the ICMP part */
+	cc -= hlen;
+	icp = (struct icmphdr *)(buf + hlen);
+	if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) {
+		if (icp->icmp_id != ident)
+			return;			/* 'Twas not our ECHO */
+		++nreceived;
+		if (timing) {
+#ifndef icmp_data
+			tp = (struct timeval *)(icp + 1);
+#else
+			tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data;
+#endif
+			tvsub(&tv, tp);
+			triptime = tv.tv_sec * 10000 + (tv.tv_usec / 100);
+			tsum += triptime;
+			if (triptime < tmin)
+				tmin = triptime;
+			if (triptime > tmax)
+				tmax = triptime;
+		}
+
+		if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) {
+			++nrepeats;
+			--nreceived;
+			dupflag = 1;
+		} else {
+			SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck);
+			dupflag = 0;
+		}
+
+		if (options & F_QUIET)
+			return;
+
+		if (options & F_FLOOD)
+			(void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1);
+		else {
+			(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc,
+			   inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr),
+			   icp->icmp_seq);
+			(void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl);
+			if (timing)
+				(void)printf(" time=%ld.%ld ms", triptime/10,
+						triptime%10);
+			if (dupflag)
+				(void)printf(" (DUP!)");
+			/* check the data */
+#ifndef icmp_data
+			cp = ((u_char*)(icp + 1) + 8);
+#else
+			cp = (u_char*)icp->icmp_data + 8;
+#endif
+			dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)];
+			for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) {
+				if (*cp != *dp) {
+	(void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x",
+	    i, *dp, *cp);
+					cp = (u_char*)(icp + 1);
+					for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) {
+						if ((i % 32) == 8)
+							(void)printf("\n\t");
+						(void)printf("%x ", *cp);
+					}
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */
+		if (!(options & F_VERBOSE))
+			return;
+		(void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc,
+		    pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr));
+		pr_icmph(icp);
+	}
+
+/*#if 0*/
+	/* Display any IP options */
+	cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip);
+
+	for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp)
+		switch (*cp) {
+		case IPOPT_EOL:
+			hlen = 0;
+			break;
+		case IPOPT_LSRR:
+			(void)printf("\nLSRR: ");
+			hlen -= 2;
+			j = *++cp;
+			++cp;
+			if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF)
+				for (;;) {
+					l = *++cp;
+					l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+					l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+					l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+					if (l == 0)
+						(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
+				else
+					(void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
+				hlen -= 4;
+				j -= 4;
+				if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF)
+					break;
+				(void)putchar('\n');
+			}
+			break;
+		case IPOPT_RR:
+			j = *++cp;		/* get length */
+			i = *++cp;		/* and pointer */
+			hlen -= 2;
+			if (i > j)
+				i = j;
+			i -= IPOPT_MINOFF;
+			if (i <= 0)
+				continue;
+			if (i == old_rrlen
+			    && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2
+			    && !memcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i)
+			    && !(options & F_FLOOD)) {
+				(void)printf("\t(same route)");
+				i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4;
+				hlen -= i;
+				cp += i;
+				break;
+			}
+			old_rrlen = i;
+			memcpy(old_rr, cp, i);
+			(void)printf("\nRR: ");
+			for (;;) {
+				l = *++cp;
+				l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+				l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+				l = (l<<8) + *++cp;
+				if (l == 0)
+					(void)printf("\t0.0.0.0");
+				else
+					(void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l)));
+				hlen -= 4;
+				i -= 4;
+				if (i <= 0)
+					break;
+				(void)putchar('\n');
+			}
+			break;
+		case IPOPT_NOP:
+			(void)printf("\nNOP");
+			break;
+		default:
+			(void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp);
+			break;
+		}
+/*#endif*/
+	if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) {
+		(void)putchar('\n');
+		(void)fflush(stdout);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * in_cksum --
+ *	Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
+ */
+static int
+in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len)
+{
+	register int nleft = len;
+	register u_short *w = addr;
+	register int sum = 0;
+	u_short answer = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
+	 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
+	 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
+	 */
+	while (nleft > 1)  {
+		sum += *w++;
+		nleft -= 2;
+	}
+
+	/* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
+	if (nleft == 1) {
+		*(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ;
+		sum += answer;
+	}
+
+	/* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
+	sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);	/* add hi 16 to low 16 */
+	sum += (sum >> 16);			/* add carry */
+	answer = ~sum;				/* truncate to 16 bits */
+	return(answer);
+}
+
+/*
+ * tvsub --
+ *	Subtract 2 timeval structs:  out = out - in.  Out is assumed to
+ * be >= in.
+ */
+static void
+tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in)
+{
+	if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) {
+		--out->tv_sec;
+		out->tv_usec += 1000000;
+	}
+	out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec;
+}
+
+/*
+ * finish --
+ *	Print out statistics, and give up.
+ */
+static void
+finish(int ignore)
+{
+	(void)ignore;
+
+	(void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
+	(void)putchar('\n');
+	(void)fflush(stdout);
+	(void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname);
+	(void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted);
+	(void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived);
+	if (nrepeats)
+		(void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats);
+	if (ntransmitted)
+		if (nreceived > ntransmitted)
+			(void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!");
+		else
+			(void)printf("%d%% packet loss",
+			    (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) /
+			    ntransmitted));
+	(void)putchar('\n');
+	if (nreceived && timing)
+		(void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %ld.%ld/%lu.%ld/%ld.%ld ms\n",
+			tmin/10, tmin%10,
+			(tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))/10,
+			(tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))%10,
+			tmax/10, tmax%10);
+
+	if (nreceived==0) exit(1);
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+#ifdef notdef
+static char *ttab[] = {
+	"Echo Reply",		/* ip + seq + udata */
+	"Dest Unreachable",	/* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */
+	"Source Quench",	/* IP */
+	"Redirect",		/* redirect type, gateway, + IP  */
+	"Echo",
+	"Time Exceeded",	/* transit, frag reassem + IP */
+	"Parameter Problem",	/* pointer + IP */
+	"Timestamp",		/* id + seq + three timestamps */
+	"Timestamp Reply",	/* " */
+	"Info Request",		/* id + sq */
+	"Info Reply"		/* " */
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * pr_icmph --
+ *	Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header.
+ */
+static void
+pr_icmph(struct icmphdr *icp)
+{
+	switch(icp->icmp_type) {
+	case ICMP_ECHOREPLY:
+		(void)printf("Echo Reply\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
+		break;
+	case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH:
+		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
+		case ICMP_NET_UNREACH:
+			(void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_HOST_UNREACH:
+			(void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_PROT_UNREACH:
+			(void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_PORT_UNREACH:
+			(void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED:
+			(void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_SR_FAILED:
+			(void)printf("Source Route Failed\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN:
+			(void)printf("Network Unknown\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN:
+			(void)printf("Host Unknown\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED:
+			(void)printf("Host Isolated\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS:
+			printf("Destination Network Unreachable At This TOS\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS:
+			printf("Destination Host Unreachable At This TOS\n");
+			break;
+#ifdef ICMP_PKT_FILTERED
+		case ICMP_PKT_FILTERED:
+			(void)printf("Packet Filtered\n");
+			break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION
+		case ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION:
+			(void)printf("Precedence Violation\n");
+			break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF
+		case ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF:
+			(void)printf("Precedence Cutoff\n");
+			break;
+#endif
+		default:
+			(void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Unknown Code: %d\n",
+			    icp->icmp_code);
+			break;
+		}
+		/* Print returned IP header information */
+#ifndef icmp_data
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)(icp + 1));
+#else
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH:
+		(void)printf("Source Quench\n");
+#ifndef icmp_data
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)(icp + 1));
+#else
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case ICMP_REDIRECT:
+		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
+		case ICMP_REDIR_NET:
+			(void)printf("Redirect Network");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_REDIR_HOST:
+			(void)printf("Redirect Host");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS:
+			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS:
+			(void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host");
+			break;
+		default:
+			(void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code);
+			break;
+		}
+		(void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", 
+			     inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr));
+#ifndef icmp_data
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)(icp + 1));
+#else
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case ICMP_ECHO:
+		(void)printf("Echo Request\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq + Data */
+		break;
+	case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED:
+		switch(icp->icmp_code) {
+		case ICMP_EXC_TTL:
+			(void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n");
+			break;
+		case ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME:
+			(void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n");
+			break;
+		default:
+			(void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n",
+			    icp->icmp_code);
+			break;
+		}
+#ifndef icmp_data
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)(icp + 1));
+#else
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB:
+		(void)printf("Parameter problem: IP address = %s\n",
+			inet_ntoa (icp->icmp_gwaddr));
+#ifndef icmp_data
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)(icp + 1));
+#else
+		pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data);
+#endif
+		break;
+	case ICMP_TIMESTAMP:
+		(void)printf("Timestamp\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
+		break;
+	case ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY:
+		(void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */
+		break;
+	case ICMP_INFO_REQUEST:
+		(void)printf("Information Request\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq */
+		break;
+	case ICMP_INFO_REPLY:
+		(void)printf("Information Reply\n");
+		/* XXX ID + Seq */
+		break;
+#ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ
+	case ICMP_MASKREQ:
+		(void)printf("Address Mask Request\n");
+		break;
+#endif
+#ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY
+	case ICMP_MASKREPLY:
+		(void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n");
+		break;
+#endif
+	default:
+		(void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * pr_iph --
+ *	Print an IP header with options.
+ */
+static void
+pr_iph(struct ip *ip)
+{
+	int hlen;
+	u_char *cp;
+
+	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
+	cp = (u_char *)ip + 20;		/* point to options */
+
+	(void)printf("Vr HL TOS  Len   ID Flg  off TTL Pro  cks      Src      Dst Data\n");
+	(void)printf(" %1x  %1x  %02x %04x %04x",
+	    ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id);
+	(void)printf("   %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13,
+	    (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff);
+	(void)printf("  %02x  %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum);
+	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *) &ip->ip_src)));
+	(void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *) &ip->ip_dst)));
+	/* dump and option bytes */
+	while (hlen-- > 20) {
+		(void)printf("%02x", *cp++);
+	}
+	(void)putchar('\n');
+}
+
+/*
+ * pr_addr --
+ *	Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with
+ * a hostname.
+ */
+static char *
+pr_addr(u_long l)
+{
+	struct hostent *hp;
+	static char buf[256];
+
+	if ((options & F_NUMERIC) ||
+	    !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET)))
+		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", 
+			       inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
+	else
+		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name,
+		    inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l));
+	return(buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * pr_retip --
+ *	Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet.
+ */
+static void
+pr_retip(struct ip *ip)
+{
+	int hlen;
+	u_char *cp;
+
+	pr_iph(ip);
+	hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2;
+	cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen;
+
+	if (ip->ip_p == 6)
+		(void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
+		    (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
+	else if (ip->ip_p == 17)
+		(void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n",
+			(*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3)));
+}
+
+static void
+fill(void *bp1, char *patp)
+{
+	register int ii, jj, kk;
+	int pat[16];
+	char *cp, *bp = (char *)bp1;
+
+	for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++)
+		if (!isxdigit(*cp)) {
+			(void)fprintf(stderr,
+			    "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n");
+			exit(2);
+		}
+	ii = sscanf(patp,
+	    "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x",
+	    &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6],
+	    &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12],
+	    &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]);
+
+	if (ii > 0)
+		for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + ii); kk += ii)
+			for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
+				bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj];
+	if (!(options & F_QUIET)) {
+		(void)printf("PATTERN: 0x");
+		for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj)
+			(void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF);
+		(void)printf("\n");
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+usage(void)
+{
+	(void)fprintf(stderr,
+	    "usage: ping [-LRdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface address] host\n");
+	exit(2);
+}