[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled [[GNU Free Documentation License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] [[!tag open_issue_hurd]] [[!toc]] # `/proc/version` [[!taglink open_issue_documentation]]: edit and move to [[FAQ]]. ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, around 2010-09 (also, shouldn't /proc/version say something else than "Linux"?) to make linux tools work, no :/ kfreebsd does that too really? yes (kfreebsd, not freebsd) does kbsd's one print just "Linux version x.y.z" too, or something more eg in a second line? (as curiosity) % cat /proc/version Linux version 2.6.16 (des@freebsd.org) (gcc version 4.3.5) #4 Sun Dec 18 04:30:00 CET 1977 k ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-06-04 ?@?#@?$?@#???!?!?!?!??!?!?!?! why /proc/version on gnu system reports "Linux version 2.6.1 (GNU 0.3...)"? safinaskar: because /proc/version is a linux thing applications using it don't expect to see anything else than linux when parsing think of it as your web brower allowing you to set the user-agent braunr: yes, i just thought about user-agent, too braunr: but freebsd doesn't report it is linux (as well as i know) their choice we could change it, but frankly, we don't care so why "uname" says "GNU" and not "Linux"? uname is posix note that /proc/version also includes GNU and GNU Mach/Hurd versions if some program read the word "Linux" from /proc/version, it will assume it is linux. so, i think it is bad idea why ? there is no standard /proc across unixen if a program reads /proc/version, it expects to be run on linux every unix implement his own /proc so, we don't need to create /proc which is fully compatible with linux procfs doesn't by default instead, we can make /proc, which is partially compatible with linux debiansets the -c compatibility flag that's what we did but /proc/version should really report kernel name and its version why ? (and again, it does) because this is why /proc/version created no? on linux, yes pinotree: hm ? and /proc/version should not contain the "Linux" word, because this is not Linux pinotree: no to what ? :) safinaskar: *sigh* i explained the choice to you safinaskar: if you are using /proc/version to get the kernel name and version, you're doing bad already disagree if you want but there is a point to using the word Linux there safinaskar: there's the proper aposix api for that, which is uname pinotree: okey. so why we ever implement /proc/version? it's a linux thing they probably wanted more than what the posix api was intended to do okey, so why we need this linux thing? there is a lot of linux thing which is useful in hurd. but not this thing. because this is not linux. if we support /proc/version, we should not write "Linux" to it and even on freebsd their linprocfs (mounted on /proc) is not mounted by default 10:37 < braunr> applications using it don't expect to see anything else than linux when parsing 10:37 < braunr> think of it as your web brower allowing you to set the user-agent safinaskar: the answer hasn't changed pinotree: but they don't export /proc/version with "Linux" word in it anyway safinaskar: they do pinotree: ??? their /proc/version contain Linux? Linux version 2.6.16 (des@freebsd.org) (gcc version 4.6.3) #4 Sun Dec 18 04:30:00 CET 1977 safinaskar: it's like all web browsers reporting "mozilla" in their UA, it may be silly, but it's how it is for compatibility/historical reasons, and it's just not worth the trouble of changing it that's on a debian gnu/kfreebsd machine and on a freebsd machine it is the same safinaskar: you should understand that parsing this string allows correctly walking the rest of the /proc tree and given such filesystem on freebsd is called "linprocfs", you can already have a guess what it is for safinaskar: saying "Linux version 2.6.1" just means "I'm compatible with Linux 2.6.1 interfaces", like saying "Mozilla/5.0 (like Gecko)" in the UA means "I'm a modern browser" so, is there really a lot of programs which expect "Linux" word in /proc/version even on non-linux platforms? no but when they do, they do # `/proc/self` ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, around 2010-09 jkoenig: is it not possible to provide a /proc/self which points at the client's pid? looks like he did 'self' too, see rootdir_entries[] in rootdir.c but it doesn't point at self youpi: there is no way to provide /proc/self, because the server doesn't know the identity of the client :/ youpi: using the existing mechanisms, we would need another magic lookup type an alternative idea I discussed with cfhammer once would be for the client to voluntarily provide it's identity to the server... but that would be a rather fundamental change that requires careful consideration also, object migration could be used, so the implementation would be provided by the server, but the execution would happen in the client... but that's even more involved :-) but we've seen how much that'd help with a lot of other stuff I'm not sure whether we discussed this on the ML at some point, or only on IRC it "just" needs to be commited :) in either case, it can't hurt to bring this up again :-) [[mtab/discussion]], *IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-07*. Look at `[glibc]/hurd/lookup-retry.c` for how [[`FS_RETRY_MAGICAL` lookups|interface/dir_lookup]] work. # root group ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, around October 2010 the only glitch is that files/dirs have the right user as owner, but always with root group # `/proc/[PID]/stat` being 400 and not 444, and some more ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-03-27 is there a reason for /proc/$pid/stat to be 400 and not 444 like on Linux? there is an option to procfs to make it 444 like Linux jkoenig: ^ pochu, hi /proc/$pid/stat reveals information which is not usually available on Hurd so I made it 400 by default to avoid leaking anything is there a security risk in providing that info? probably not so much, but it seemed like it's not really a descision procfs should make I'm not sure which information we're speaking about, though, I just remember the abstract reason. things like the pid, the memory, the priority, the state... sounds safe to expose also it's 0444 by default in "compatible" mode (which is necessary for the linux tools to work well) yeah I saw that :) my question is, should we change it to 0444 by default? if there are no security risks and this improves compatibility, sounds like a good thing to me we're already 'leaking' part of that info through e.g. ps I think /proc should be translated by /hurd/procfs --compatible by default (I'm not sure whether it's already the case) also I'm not sure why hurd-ps is setuid root, rather than the proc server being less paranoid, but maybe I'm missing something. jkoenig: it's not, at least not on Debian youpi: hi, what do you think about starting procfs with --compatible by default? youpi: or changing /proc/$pid/stat to 0444 like on Linux (--compatible does that among a few other things) I guess you need it for something? I'm porting libgtop :) k though I still think we should do this in procfs itself ymmv pochu, youpi, --compatible is also needed because mach's high reported sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) makes some integers overflow (IIRC) agreed luckily, tools which use procfs usually try to detect the value /proc uses rather than rely on CLK_TCK (so we can choose whatever reasonable value we want) ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-03-28 jkoenig: does procfs expose any information that is not available to everyone through the proc server?... also, why is --compatible not the default; or rather, why is there even another mode? the whole point of procfs is compatibility... antrik, yes, through the /environ and (as mentionned above) /stat files, but I've been careful to make these files readable only to the process owner --compatible is not the default because it relaxes this paranoia wrt. the stat file, and does not conform to the specification with regard to clock tick counters what specification? the linux proc(5) manpage which says clock tick counters are in units of 1/sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) so you are saying that there is some information that the Hurd proc server doesn't expose to unprivileged processes, but linux /proc does? yes that's odd. I wonder what the reasoning behind that could be but this information is available through Hurd ps? BTW, what exactly is _SC_CLK_TCK supposed to be? jkoenig: hm, just tried with two random processes on linux (2.6.32), and enrivon is 400 (which makes sense, as you could have sensible informations eg in http_proxy or other envvars) antrik, CLK_TCK is similar to HZ (maybe clock resolution instead of time slices ?) sysconf(3) says "The number of clock ticks per second." antrik, I don't remember precisely what information this was, but ps-hurd is setuid root. anyway, if you run procfs --compatible as a user and try to read foo/1/stat, the result is an I/O error, which is the result of the proc server denying access. but Linux /proc acutally uses HZ as the unit IIRC? or is _SC_CLK_TCK=HZ on Linux?... I expect they're equal. in practice procps uses heuristics to guess what value /proc uses (for compatibility purposes with older kernels) I don't think HZ is POSIX, while _SC_CLK_TCK is specifies as the unit for (at least) the values returned by times() s/specifies/specified/ antrik, some the information is fetched directly from mach by libps, and understandably, the proc server does not give the task port to anyone who asks. well, as long as the information is exposed through ps, there is no point in hiding it in procfs... and I'm aware of the crazy guessing in libproc... I was actually mentoring the previous procfs implementation (though I never got around to look at his buggy code...) ok ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-07-22 hm, why /proc/$pid/stat is 600 instead of 644 of linux? pinotree, it reveals information which, while not that sensitive, would not be available to users through the normal proc interface. (it's available through the ps command which is setuid root) we discussed at some point making it 644, IIRC. hm, then why is it not a problem on eg linux? (btw you can change it with the -s option.) pinotree, it's not a problem because the information is not that sensitive, but when rewriting procfs I preferred to play it self and consider it's not procfs' job to decide what is sensitive or not. IIRC it's not sensitive but you need the task port to query it. like, thread times or something. status is 644 though but status contains information which anyone can ask to the proc server anyway, I think. # `/proc/mounts`, `/proc/[PID]/mounts` ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2011-07-25 < pinotree> jkoenig: btw, what do you think about providing empty /proc/mounts and /proc/$pid/mounts files? < jkoenig> pinotree, I guess one would have to evaluate the consequences wrt. existing use cases (in other words, "I have absolutely no clue whatsoever about whether that would be desirable" :-) < jkoenig> pinotree, the thing is, an error message like "/proc/mounts: No such file or directory" is rather explicit, whereas errors which would be caused by missing data in /proc/mounts would maybe be harder to track < braunr> this seems reasonable though < braunr> there already are many servers with e.g. grsecurity or chrooted environments where mounts is empty < pinotree> well, currently we also have an empty mtab < braunr> pinotree: but what do you need that for ? < braunr> pinotree: the init system ? < pinotree> and the mnt C api already returns no entries (or it bails out, i don't remember) < pinotree> not a strict need A [[mtab]] translator now exists. ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-20 teythoon: should procfs now have $pid/mounts files pointing to ../mounts? pinotree: probably yes # `/proc/[PID]/auxv` Needed by glibc's `pldd` tool (commit 11988f8f9656042c3dfd9002ac85dff33173b9bd). # `/proc/[PID]/exe` Needed by glibc's `pldd` tool (commit 11988f8f9656042c3dfd9002ac85dff33173b9bd). ## `/proc/self/exe` [[!message-id "alpine.LFD.2.02.1110111111260.2016@akari"]]. Needed by glibc's `stdlib/tst-secure-getenv.c`. Also used in `[GCC]/libgfortran/runtime/main.c`:`store_exe_path`. Is it generally possible to use something like the following instead? Disadvantage is that every program using this needs to be patched. #include [...] Dl_info DLInfo; int err = dladdr(&main, &DLInfo); if (err == 0) [...] /* Pathname of shared object that contains address: DLInfo.dli_fname. */ /* Filter it through realpath. */ This is used in `[LLVM]/lib/Support/Unix/Path.inc`. ### IRC, OFTC, #debian-hurd, 2013-11-10 Hello. Does hurd have /proc/self/exe equivalent, to "re-exec myself" ? no, only argv[0] busybox uses /proc/self/exe by default to re-exec itself when running one of its applets, or failing that, tries to find it in $PATH. I guess it doesn't work on hurd... :) and argv0 is unreliable some discussion on the hurd wiki talks about using Dl_info DLInfo which contains DLInfo.dli_fname err, I mean, callling dladdr(&main, &DLInfo); this is kernel-agnostic, provided one uses glibc um. -ldl. nice for static linking gcc t.c -ldl -static ./a.out fname=AVA� �j bah :) (it just prints dli_fname) :/ ah, yes, that won't work with static linking fixing /proc/self is on my todo list, it shouldn't be too hard since in that case it's the exec server which sets the process up, not dl.so but we do not have the exe link either (the above test run was on linux not on hurd, fwiw_ ) # `/proc/[PID]/fd/` ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2012-04-24 braunr: /proc/*/fd can be implemented in several ways. none of them would require undue centralisation braunr: the easiest would be adding one more type of magic lookup to the existing magic lookup mechanism wait, I mean /proc/self... for /proc/*/fd it's even more straighforward -- we might even have a magic lookup for that already i guess the ideal thing would be implement that fd logic in libps pinotree: nope. it doesn't need to ask proc (or any other server) at all. it's local information. that's what we have the magic lookups for one option we were considering at some point would be using the object migration mechanism, so the actual handling would still happen client-side, but the server could supply the code doing it. this would allow servers to add arbitrary magic lookup methods without any global modifications... but has other downsides :-) youpi: How much info for /proc/*/fd is possible to get from libps? Re: d-h@ see my mail I don't think there is an interface for that processes handle fds themselves so libps would have to peek in there and I don't remember having seen any code like that 10:17:17< antrik> wait, I mean /proc/self... for /proc/*/fd it's even more straighforward -- we might even have a magic lookup for that already pinotree: For me that does not ring a bell on RPCs. Don't know what magic means,, for /proc/self/fd we have a magic lookup for /proc/pid/fd, I don't think we have magic lookup* magic lookup == RPC? magic lookup is a kind of answer to the lookup RPC that basically says "it's somewhere else, see there" the magic FD lookup tells the process "it's your FD number x" which works for /proc/self/fd, but not /proc/pid/fd youpi, gnu_srs: regarding FDs, there the msg_get_fd RPC that could be used `msgport' should have --get-fd, actually civodul: I assumed that the reason why msgport doesn't have it is that it didn't exist so we can get a port on the fd but then how to know what it is? youpi: ah, you mean for the /proc/X/fd symlinks? good question it's not designed to be mapped back to names, indeed :-) youpi: yeah, I realized myself that only /proc/self/fd is trivial BTW, in Linux it's nor real symlinks. it's magic, with some very strange (but useful in certain situations) semantics not real symlinks it's very weird for example for fd connected to files that have been unlinked. it looks like a broken symlink, but when dereferencing (e.g. with cp), you get the actual file contents... # `/proc/[PID]/maps` [[!GNU_Savannah_bug 32770]] ## IRC, OFTC, #debian-hurd, 2012-06-20 bdefreese: the two elfutils tests fail because there are no /proc/$pid/maps files that code is quite relying on linux features, like locating the linux kernel executables and their modules, etc (see eg libdwfl/linux-kernel-modules.c) refactor elfutils to have the linux parts executed only on linux :D Oh yeah, the maintainer already seems really thrilled about Hurd.. Did you see http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=662041 ? kurt is generally helpful with us (= hurd) most probably there he is complaining that we let elfutils build with nocheck (ie skipping the test suite run) instead of investigate and report why the test suite failed ## `/proc/self/maps` Also used in `[GCC]/intl/relocatable.c`:`find_shared_library_fullname` for `#ifdef __linux__`. ### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-03 what's the equivalent of cat /proc/self/maps on hurd? camm`: for now, /proc/self doesn't work as expected thanks, I just want to get a list of maps and protection status for a running process -- how? vminfo thanks so much! I'm trying to debug an unexec failure on hurd when a linker script is present. All works with the default script, but when the text address is changed, unexec fails, running into a page with no access in the middle of the executable: 0xc4b000[0x1000] (prot=0, max_prot=RWX, offs=0xb55000) I get a segfault when trying to read from this page. unexec ? emacs/gcl/maxima/acl2/hol88/axiom use unexec to dump a running image into a saved executable elf file. what is unexec ? ok looks like a dirty tool camm`: what is segfaulting, unexec or the resulting executable ? unexec opens the file from which the running program was originally executed, finds its section start addresses, then writes a new file replacing any data in the old file with possibly modified versions in running memory. The reverse of 'exec'. the read from running memory delimited by the addresses in the executable file is hitting a page which has been protected with *no* access, and is segfaulting. Somehow, when the binary file is loaded, hurd turning off all rights to this page. let me check the stack location ... ok I think I've got it -- hurd moves the sbrk(0) address away from the end of .data (as reported by readelf) if the addresses are low, presumably to avoid running into the stack. starting sbrk(0)!=.data+data_size on hurd i'm not sure there is anything like the heap on the hurd sbrk is probably implemented on top of mmap camm`: hm no, i'm wrong, glibc implements brk and sbrk mostly as expected, but remapping the area isn't atomic "Now reallocate it with no access allowed" then, there is a call to vm_protect and no error checking ... ok, that's fine, but need to know -- in general there is no relationship between the address returned by sbrk(0) and the .data addresses reported by readelf on the file, (hurd only) yes? i don't know about that there should be .. Specific example: readelf -a -> [24] .data PROGBITS 000f5580 0c4580 000328 00 WA 0 0 32 sbrk(0)->(void *) 0x8021000 camm`: is that on an executable or a shared object ? executable 000f5580 looks very low This is using a linker script. The default setup works just fine. I think it (might) make sense for hurd to silently do this give the placement of the C stack, but the assumptions behind my algorithm need changing (perhaps). (I probe in configure the allowable range of __executable_start, and then choose a value to either ensure a large free signed range around NULL, or a low data start to maximize heap) braunr: are there any guarantees of sbrk(0)==.data+size without a linker script? camm`: i'm not sure at all sbrk isn't even posix thanks ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-02-22 i'm trying to implement proc/maps actually I can't well evaluate complexity of tasks. However, I appreciate your comments the complexity can be roughly estimated from the number of components involved proc/maps involves procfs, ports, virtual memory, and file systems the naive implementation would merely be associating names to memory objects, and why not, but a more complete one would go ask file system servers about them perhaps more although personally i'd go for the naive one because less dependencies usually means better reliability something similar to task_set_name could do the job # `/proc/[PID]/mem` Needed by glibc's `pldd` tool (commit 11988f8f9656042c3dfd9002ac85dff33173b9bd). # `/proc/[PID]/cwd` ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2012-06-30 * pinotree has a local work to add the /proc/$pid/cwd symlink, but relying on "internal" (but exported) glibc functions # CPU Usage ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-01-30 Hi, htop seems to report CPU usage correct, but not top, is that a known issue? does your /proc have the -c flag? /hurd/procfs -c I don't remember which way it works, but iirc depending on whether -c is there or not, it will work or not problem being that nothing says linux' clock is 100Hz, but a lot of programs assume it seems like htop gets it right though possibly just by luc k ### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-01-31 both htop and top seem to have problems report the cpu time so i expect the problem to be in procfs # IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-03 teythoon: any reason the static variable translator_exists isn't protected by a lock in procfs/rootdir.c ? ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-04 teythoon: can you tell me why translator_exists isn't protected from shared access in rootdir_mounts_exists ? braunr: hm, dunno tbh, I probably thought the race was harmless enough it probably is settrans -Rg doesn't work on procfs :( # Kernel PID ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-25 hm cute, htop layout has become buggy, top just won't start braunr: make sure your procfs knows the correct kernel pid # showtrans /proc /hurd/procfs -c -k 3 we could have handled this nicer if procfs were integrated upstream we should probably just update the default teythoon: mhm $ fsysopts /proc /hurd/procfs --stat-mode=444 --fake-self=1 $ showtrans /proc /hurd/procfs -c -c == --stat-mode=444 --fake-self=1 better indeed teythoon: thanks ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-04 youpi: i fixed procfs on ironforge and exodar to be started as procfs -c -k 3 without -k 3, many things as simple as top and uptime won't work ## IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-10-24 braunr: i'm using your repo and i can't see cpu percentage in htop anymore, all zeroes, confirmed? gg0: no gg0: you probably need to reset procfs gg0: settrans /proc /hurd/procfs -c -k 3