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Note to Hurd devs: this is a temporary topic i created in order to take some (off topic)notes just until i can get my own server back up and running. thanks. --TB

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# <a name="_DSL_vs_Dialup_"> **DSL vs Dialup** </a>

## <a name="Digital_Subscriber_Line_DSL"> </a> Digital Subscriber Line - DSL

* Faster
* More Expensive
* Always On
* Can use phone line while online
* Different Equipment

**THEY BOTH USE PHONE LINE**

* 2 types of dsl
  * ADSL ASYNCRONOUS OR ASYMETRIC (example: 1.5 TO 9MB DOWN 16-640 KB UP)
  * SDSL SYNCRONOUS OR SYMETRIC (example: 3MB DOWN 3MB UP)

What equipment is needed

* DSL / Cable Modem
* Ethernet adapter
* Category 5 cable (ethernet cable)
* RT-45
* USB universal Serial Buss
  * (can be used but _do not_ reccomend)

## <a name="IP_Addressing"> IP Addressing </a>

* 0.0.0.0 =&gt; 255.255.255.255
* 4,228,250,625

### <a name="Private_IP_Address_Ranges"> Private IP Address Ranges </a>

* X=0-255
* 192.168.x.x - used w/ Routers&amp; Configurable Modems
  * This range is the most typical private range used.
* 10.x.x.x - Used w/ routers or configurable Modems.
* 172.16.x.x - Used w/ routers. (this is a typical range used by businesses)

### <a name="Non_Routable_Range"> Non-Routable Range </a>

* 169.254.x.x - Non Routable IP Range telling you something is broken Created by Microsoft for troubleshooting purposes
* 127.x.x.x - Range reserved for local host (norton's, microsoft, etc.)

## <a name="Acronyms"> Acronyms </a>

* IANA - internet Assigned Numbers Authority
  * Distribute IP Address to backbone Co. ie AT&amp;T, Bell Co.

### <a name="Public_IP_Addressing"> Public IP Addressing </a>

* How to become an ISP

1) Contact SBC to obtain IP Addresses:

* 300 members
  * 66.137.124.1 - 66.137.124.101

2) Distribut IP Addresses Gateway Address = IP Addresses of the DHCP Server (endpoint)

DHCP - Dynamic host control protocol

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1) contact SBC to obtain more ip addresses

* 500 Members
  * 68.124.138.1 - 68.124.138.151

2) Distribute IP addresses

Static - Specified IP address that never changes

## <a name="Authentication_Processes"> Authentication Processes </a>

**MAC Addressing** \*MAC address- Physical address of any device that can carry an internet connection

* it authenticates through the modem or next piece of connecting equipment's MAC Address

PPOE - Point to point protocol (over the ethernet) -requires a customer to logon w/user/password before reciving an ip address the only os w/ppoe built in XP&amp;MACX they install pppoe software or get a router or configurable modem.

Trouble shooting DSL / Cable

## <a name="1st_Step_of_Trouble_shooting_POW"> </a> 1st Step of Trouble shooting - POWERCYCLING

### <a name="take_down_order"> take down order </a>

* unplug modem from power supply
* unplug any connecting equipment from Power Supply (router, Switch, etc)
* SHUTDOWN (not restart) the pc

### <a name="bringing_up_order"> bringing up order </a>

* plugin the modem into power supply
* plug the connecting equipment into the power suply
* restart the PC

## <a name="2nd_Step_of_Trouble_Shooting_Lig"> 2nd Step of Trouble Shooting -Light Status of </a>

 Modem

* Power
  * on = good
  * off = bad

1. verify it is plugged in

2. check for power at the source (switch?)

* dsl/link/sync
  * on = good
  * off = bad

1. check connection between wall and modem phone line dsl + co-AX cable)

2. verify it worked previously nothing changed, (moved, jacks, storm)

3. verify all connecting information (PPPOE, MAC address, static)

* Enet/USB/PC/Sync/Link
* on = good
* off = bad

1.check connection between modem and pc ethernet usb

2. switch cable ends crossover vs straight through

3. check the ethernet adapter

* Act/Activity/Data/(10/100) - TX/RX

* * on or flashing = good
  * off = bad

1. This light has no bearing in your troubleshooting

* Test/Alarm/Standby
  * off = good
  * on = bad

1. This light must be off in orter to troubleshoot.

Where to find IP information - IP configuration LC start =&gt; LC run =&gt; tye commands or cmd =&gt; LC OK button =&gt; type "winipcfg" =&gt; press enter =&gt; chose NIC in dropdown

1.) Adapter Address = MAC address

2.) IP address - NIC

3.) Gateway Address - DHCP Server

* If there is **NO** NIC in the dropdown box
  * verify cust has startup disk or cab files (win\*.cab)
  * Rip and reinstall TCP/IP
* If it says Media Disconnectd or IP = 0.0.0.0
  * Not connected
  * verify lights on modem
  * verify wiring

\* if they are reciving an IP address of 169.254.x.x

* they are set to DHCP, but not contacting DHCP Server

 - Its broken and try to release /renew ip address

## <a name="what_will_happen_next"> what will happen next </a>

1. will recieve IP Address

2."Unable to contact DHCP Server" Error

* try to release and renew again

3. "DHCP Server unavailable revewing IP address" - Error

* try to release and renew again

4. "No adapter in a state permissable to perform operation" Error

* configured to static
* check settings

5. "unable to perform operation" or " operation was attempted on something that is not a socket" Error \* winsock Error

* * email winsock fix
  * Send to shop

## <a name="if_you_are_unable_to_recieve_an_"> if you are unable to recieve an IP address </a>

* verify wiring
* verify account
* verify settings

## <a name="where_to_go_and_check_settings"> where to go and check settings </a>

* DLC My Comp &gt; DLC Control Panel &gt; DLC Network &gt;highlight TCP/IP =&gt; Ethernet Adapter - - LC Properties button
* IP addresses tab =&gt; Static - Specify an IP address Dynamic Obtain Automatic
* Gateway tab =&gt; Static - 1 gateway address entered Dynamic None entered
* DNS Tab - ISP Specific

PING packet internet Groper

Sonar for the internet

3 ways to tell if you are connected to the internet

1. ping outside address

1. thpe winipcfg =&gt; press enter =&gt; choose NIC in drop down box obtain ip address and gateway address (put in tracker notes)

1. type ping ipaddress press enter ie: ping 192.168.1.100 ethernet adapter

* good response = 4 sent
* Bad response - 4 sent 0-3 recieved / 1-4 lost
  1. Check for a firewall =&gt; disable it and run ping again
  2. rip and reinstall TCP/IP =&gt; Run ping again
  3. check the ethernet adapter

1. type ping gatewayaddress =&gt; press enter (ie ping 192.168.1.1) DHCP Server Bad Response
  1. 1. ) check for a firewall =&gt; disable =&gt; run ping again
    2. ) Rip and reinstall TCP/IP =&gt; run ping again
    3. ) make sure network allows ping (shawneeling and madison)
    4. ) verify all connectings information (pppoe, &lt;MAC address,, Static)
    5. ) Broken - Sent ticket to network
2. type ping www.yahoo.com =&gt; press enter good response = connected

1. type ping yahoo's ip press enter (ie ping 216.109.118.76)
  * if you get a bad response on the domain name and good response on IP check DNS
  * after entering DNS if you still cant pull the site by domain or IP =&gt; winsock error - email or shop

## <a name="Checking_the_NIC_Network_Interfa"> </a> Checking the NIC - Network Interface Controller

DLC My Comp =&gt; DLC Control Panel =&gt; DLC System =&gt; LC Device Manager Tab =&gt; LC (+) next to network adapters

If there is Red X

* Means the device has been disabled RC the device LC Enable.

 If there is Yellow!

* Means the PC recognizes the device but does not know how to use it
* Uninstall/Reinstall NIC - RC the device =&gt; LC Uninstall =&gt; LC OK =&gt; Reboot PC =&gt; Follow hardware wizard
* to uninstall they must have drivers disk or it must be original to PC

if there is yellow or no network adapters (check other devices for PCI Adapter)

* means PC has no idea what device is or how to use it
* uninstall reinstall NIC
* Same as Above

## <a name="ISPs"> </a> ISPs

<table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
  <tr>
    <td> ISP </td>
    <td> requires </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> shawneelink </td>
    <td> static </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> farmsrstell </td>
    <td> static </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> rallstech </td>
    <td> static </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> grandriver </td>
    <td> static </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> horry county dsl </td>
    <td> pppoe </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> hargray dsl </td>
    <td> pppoe </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> conporium dsl </td>
    <td> pppoe </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> green online </td>
    <td> MAC address of modem </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td> horry county cable </td>
    <td> MAC address of the next connecting device after the modem </td>
  </tr>
</table>

# <a name="XP"> XP </a>

* home
  * 98
  * ME
* business
  * NT
  * 2000

different ways to get to Control Panel

* Windows XP View
  * Left Click Start =&gt; Left Click C.P.
* Classic View
  * Left Click Start =&gt; Settings =&gt; Left Click Control Panel =&gt; Double Left Click My computer =&gt; Double Left click Control Panel

(you want to troubleshoot from the classic view of the Classic View of the Control Panel (not category)

## <a name="How_to_make_a_new_dial_up_connec"> How to make a new dial-up connection </a>

 1. Left Click Start =&gt; Left click Control Panel =&gt; Double Left Click Network connections =&gt; Double Left Click Create a new connection =&gt; follow the wizzard

2. Right Click Internet Explorer =&gt; Left Click Properties =&gt; Left Click Connection Tab =&gt; Left Click Setup Button =&gt; follow wizzard

check the properties of a connection 1. left click start =&gt; left click control panel =&gt; Double left click network connections =&gt; Right clikc connection name =&gt; left click properties

2. Right click IE =&gt; left click properties =&gt; left click connection tab =&gt; highlight connection in box =&gt; Left click settings button =&gt; left click properties Button

* option tab =&gt; lower redial attempts to 0-1 attempts
* networking tab =&gt; what used to be the network section of teh Control Panel
* Advanced Tab =&gt; internet connection firewall.

## <a name="How_to_check_modem_properties"> How to check modem properties </a>

 dlc my comp dlc cp dlc modem options lc modems tab lc properties button check tabs

* run diagnostics lc diagnostics tab lc query modem button
* enter init string lc advanced tab
* lower port speed lc modems tab
* lower FIFO buffers lc advanced tab lc poet settings button

## <a name="how_to_configure_LAC"> </a> how to configure LAC

* DLC my comp dlc cp dlc network connections rc the lac lc properties dlc tcp/ip configure settings

## <a name="making_a_pppoe_connection"> making a pppoe connection </a>

* lc start lc cp dlc network connections dlc create a new connections follow wizard for a "broadband connections that requires a username and password"

running an IP configuration lc start lc run type command or cmd lc ok type ipconfig press enter

* to find MAC Address - "ipconfg /all"
* to release - "ipconfig /release"
* to renew - ipconfig /renew

## <a name="reset_TCP_IP"> </a> reset TCP/IP

 \*lc start lc run type command or cmd lc ok type "netsh int ip reset c:\\reset c:\\resetlog.txt" press enter type exit press enter

## <a name="checking_the_NIC"> </a> checking the NIC

* lc start lc cp dlc system lc hardware tab lc device manager button lc (+) next to network adapters
  * still looking for the X symbox the ? symbol, and the ! symbol.

## <a name="System_Restore_ME_amp_XP_"> System Restore (ME &amp; XP) </a>

* LC Start programs accessories system tools lc system restore
  * create a restore point always create before uninstalling restore to an earlier time - as a last resort , no further back than 15 days

# <a name="windows_2000"> windows 2000 </a>

exactly like XP with the following exceptions

* no system restore
* no built in firewal
* no built in pppoe
* must rip &amp; reinstall TCP/IP (Must have disk)

## <a name="to_check_network_properties"> to check network properties </a>

\*DLC my comp dlc cp dlc network and dial up connection s RC connection lc properties lc networking TAB

# <a name="Windows_NT"> Windows NT </a>

## <a name="to_check_propeties_of_a_connecti"> to check propeties of a connection </a>

 \*( dlc my comp dlc dial up networking lc more butoon lc endit entry and modem properties

# <a name="macintosh_apple_"> macintosh (apple) </a>

* **do not support version 8 or older**

## <a name="how_to_determin_version"> how to determin version </a>

* click apple click about this computer/mac

## <a name="how_to_get_to_remote_access"> how to get to remote access </a>

* click apple click control panels click remote access

## <a name="how_to_configure_for_DSL_OS_9_an"> </a> how to configure for DSL / OS 9 and 8

* click apple click control panels click tcp/ip set connect via to built in ethernet configure settings manually=&gt; static using DHCP - Dynamic

## <a name="to_get_to_the_internet_setupassi"> to get to the internet setupassistant </a>

* double click hard drive find and double click assistants folder double click internet setup assistant + follwo assistant

## <a name="how_to_use_free_ppp_to_check_use"> how to use free ppp to check username and password </a>

* click apple click control panels click free ppp setup click &gt; to expand screen click accounts tab click edit button check username and password

# <a name="MAC_X"> </a> MAC X

## <a name="how_to_make_dial_up_connection"> how to make dial up connection </a>

* click apple click system preferences double click network click configure and choose internal modem check settings
* TCP/IP set to PPP
* PPP check username / password
* proxies check for proxies
* modem no inits change the drivers

## <a name="how_to_configure_DSL_connection"> </a> how to configure DSL connection

* click apple click system preferences double click network click ()show) configure and choose build in ethernet check settings
  * TCP/IP =&gt; static manually dynamic - using DHCP
  * [[PPPoE]] =&gt; configure PPPE check User/Pass
  * Proxies =&gt; check for Proxy Servers

## <a name="Interaction_Client"> Interaction Client </a>

1. what is the client
2. what are teh three states a tech 1st) can be in ?
3. what are Queues?
4. how do you transfer calls to second level?
5. how do you transfer a call to another tech?
6. how do you log out?

# <a name="Basic_Linksys_Router_Setup"> Basic Linksys Router Setup </a>

computers (192,168.1.x =&gt; lan (router) / NAT / WAN =&gt; modem =&gt; wall jack

* NAT = Network Address Translator
* WAN = Wide Area Net
* LAN = local Area Network
* LAN IP = Gateway for each PC

How do you access a routers interface, like to enter a static IP address?

1. run an IP configuration and obtain the GW address (should be 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x )
2. open your web browser and enter the GW address into the address bar and click "go"
3. at the username / password pop up, you enter the default login =&gt; LC OK button

-- [[Main/TravisBarker]] - 04 Oct 2005