From 7e4ec33e095c6923fd13c56a9cf6c4083dbd116d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Stephen L. Favor" Date: Mon, 11 Jan 1999 14:45:29 +0000 Subject: Initial revision --- hurd.html | 233 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 233 insertions(+) create mode 100644 hurd.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..56ff601b --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd.html @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@ + + + +GNU Hurd information - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + +

GNU Hurd information

+ [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) +(jpeg 20k) +no gifs due to patent problems +

+ +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's +replacement for the architecture-independent services provided by the +Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on top of a +microkernel (such as Mach) to implement file systems, network +protocols, file access control, and other features. +

+ +NOTE: the Hurd still lacks many of the features you would +expect in a usable kernel, so please don't try using it unless you are +helping us to develop it. We will announce to the world when GNU 1.0 +is ready, and at that point the Hurd will be a viable alternative to +Unix-like kernels such as Linux or the BSD kernel. +

+ +The current release of the Hurd is 0.2, released on June 12, 1997. See +the NEWS file for a list of changes and +improvements. +

+ +In addition, we have a separate distribution of the Hurd's current +microkernel, derived from the "Mach 4" distributions made by the +University of Utah. Our distribution is called GNU Mach, the latest +version is 1.1.3. See the NEWS file for a list +of changes and improvements. + +

+ + +Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF. +
+The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. + + +

+ +

Binary Distributions

+ +In June 1997, we released GNU 0.2, a complete system image for PC AT +compatibles with 386 or later compatible processors. This image +corresponded to version 0.2 of the Hurd. Unfortunately, GNU 0.2 did +not have a package management system, and so it was difficult to install +and upgrade. + +

+ +As of July 1998, we have joined forces with the Debian Project in order to create a +new binary distribution. GNU 0.3 will look like a Debian GNU/Linux +system, but will be called Debian GNU/Hurd to +reflect the fact that it uses the Hurd running on Mach instead of Linux. +

+ +In the future, we plan on porting the Hurd to other kernels besides +GNU Mach. One possibility would be to modify Linux so that it is +capable of hosting the Hurd. +

+ +

General Information

+ [a spherical Hurd logo - small] (jpeg 2k) +(jpeg 8k) +

+

+
Towards + a New Strategy of OS Design. +
This paper also appeared in the + January 1994 GNU's Bulletin. + +
The GNU Hurd FAQ. + +
The GNU Hurd Reference Manual +
(draft from a recent release). + +
The relationship between the Hurd and Linux. + +
The Debian GNU/Hurd project. + +
Mailing-lists are available for the Hurd: +
+ +
The Hurd task list. + +
The meaning of the name "Hurd". + +
A letter to Byte magazine about the GNU Hurd + + written by Todd Hutchinson. +
Martin Michlmayr +also mentioned the Hurd in +an article in UNIXopen +(listing of +articles). + +
Some discussion of processes migration +with the Hurd.
+Some of the Mach + research at University of Utah is also relevant. + +
Several messages about the filesystem +organization of the Hurd. +
+ +

+

Where to Get it

+Here are some FTP URL's for the Hurd, GNUmach, and complete GNU binary +distributions. + +
+
Hurd 0.2 source +
GNUmach 1.1.3 source +
Xfree86-3.3.2 ported to the GNU Hurd. Here are the local details and file descriptions. +

+

GNU 0.2 information +
GNU 0.2 binary distribution +

+

Directory of development snapshots. +
+ +Debian GNU/Hurd has not yet been released. + +

+

What if I'm having problems?

+ +First, check the FAQ (see the pointers above.) This FAQ contains +excellent advice about partition naming and many other common +problems. Then try the help-hurd mailing list mentioned above. + +

+

Current and Past Announcements

+

+These are all the announcements made over the years. +Most of them were either to gnu.announce. +

+
Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system) +
Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd) +
Test release announcement (Aug 96) +
Test release status (Jul 96) +
Binary image available, Apr 96
This and +NetBSD boot flopies should be enough +to get a working Hurd system! +
New Snapshot, Apr 96 -- NFS and lots else works! +
News Flash, Nov 95 -- ftp works! +
New Snapshot, Jul 95 -- ext2fs support +
New Snapshot, Apr 95 +
News flash, Nov 94 +
News flash, Sep 94 -- gcc runs! +
News flash, Aug 94 +
News flash, Jul 94 -- emacs runs! +
News flash, May 94 +
News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots! +
GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93 +
GNU HURD announcement, May 91 +
+

+

Other stuff and related projects

+
+ +
Grub
The GRand Unified +Bootloader, written by Erich Boleyn, is the standard boot loader used +for the Hurd. + +
Lites
+A free Mach single server, based on BSD 4.4 Lite. +A + more recent version is available from the Mach4 people (q.v.) +
Mach 4. +
The Hurd currently runs on top of Mach. This page documents the Utah release of Mach, from which the GNU Mach distribution came. +
CMU CS Project Mach Home Page +
OSF Operating Systems Collected Papers +
Linux on the OSF Microkernel +
+ +

+Thanks to Trent Fisher for +writing the initial version of this page, and to + +Teddy Hogeborn for the +icon. + +

+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +Other ways to contact the FSF. +

+Comments on these web pages to +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1996 Trent Fisher +
+Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +19 Aug 1998 gord + +

+ + -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9e29a2c838f7dab804aa9cda130fccdca86f1c18 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gordon Matzigkeit Date: Wed, 3 Feb 1999 21:13:44 +0000 Subject: Minor updates, and a few removals. --- hurd-and-linux.html | 159 +++++++++++++++--------------- hurd.html | 276 ++++++++-------------------------------------------- 2 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 312 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd-and-linux.html b/hurd-and-linux.html index 9c463116..37f6547a 100644 --- a/hurd-and-linux.html +++ b/hurd-and-linux.html @@ -1,79 +1,80 @@ - - - -The Hurd and Linux - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - -

The Hurd and Linux

- [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) -(jpeg 20k) -no gifs due to patent problems -

-by Richard Stallman. -

- -People sometimes ask, ``Why did the FSF develop a new free kernel -instead of using Linux?'' It's a reasonable question. The answer, -briefly, is that that is not the question we faced. - -

-When we started developing the Hurd in 1990, the question facing us -was, ``How can we get a free kernel for the GNU system?'' There was -no free Unix-like kernel then, and we knew of no other plan to write -one. The only way we could expect to have a free kernel was to write -it ourselves. So we started. - -

-We heard about Linux after its release. At that time, the question -facing us was, ``Should we cancel the Hurd project and use Linux -instead?'' - -

-We heard that Linux was not at all portable (this may not be true -today, but that's what we heard then). And we heard that Linux was -architecturally on a par with the Unix kernel; our work was leading to -something much more powerful. - -

-Given the years of work we had already put into the Hurd, we decided -to finish it rather than throw them away. - -

-If we did face the question that people ask---if Linux were already -available, and we were considering whether to start writing another -kernel---we would not do it. Instead we would choose another project, -something to do a job that no existing free software can do. - -

-But we did start the Hurd, back then, and now we have made it work. -We hope its superior architecture will make free operating systems -more powerful. - -

- -Return to GNU's home page. -

-FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to -gnu@gnu.org. -Other ways to contact the FSF. -

-Comments on these web pages to -webmasters@www.gnu.org, -send other questions to -gnu@gnu.org. -

-Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., -59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA -

-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

-Updated: - -16 Feb 1998 tower - -

- - + + + + + The Hurd and Linux - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + +

The Hurd and Linux

+ + +

+by Richard Stallman. +

+ +People sometimes ask, ``Why did the FSF develop a new free kernel +instead of using Linux?'' It's a reasonable question. The answer, +briefly, is that that is not the question we faced. + +

+When we started developing the Hurd in 1990, the question facing us +was, ``How can we get a free kernel for the GNU system?'' There was +no free Unix-like kernel then, and we knew of no other plan to write +one. The only way we could expect to have a free kernel was to write +it ourselves. So we started. + +

+We heard about Linux after its release. At that time, the question +facing us was, ``Should we cancel the Hurd project and use Linux +instead?'' + +

+We heard that Linux was not at all portable (this may not be true +today, but that's what we heard then). And we heard that Linux was +architecturally on a par with the Unix kernel; our work was leading to +something much more powerful. + +

+Given the years of work we had already put into the Hurd, we decided +to finish it rather than throw them away. + +

+If we did face the question that people ask---if Linux were already +available, and we were considering whether to start writing another +kernel---we would not do it. Instead we would choose another project, +something to do a job that no existing free software can do. + +

+But we did start the Hurd, back then, and now we have made it work. +We hope its superior architecture will make free operating systems +more powerful. + +

+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +Other ways to contact the FSF. +

+Comments on these web pages to +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +22 Jan 1999 + +

+ + diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 56ff601b..bc13869a 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,233 +1,43 @@ - - - -GNU Hurd information - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - -

GNU Hurd information

- [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) -(jpeg 20k) -no gifs due to patent problems -

- -The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's -replacement for the architecture-independent services provided by the -Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on top of a -microkernel (such as Mach) to implement file systems, network -protocols, file access control, and other features. -

- -NOTE: the Hurd still lacks many of the features you would -expect in a usable kernel, so please don't try using it unless you are -helping us to develop it. We will announce to the world when GNU 1.0 -is ready, and at that point the Hurd will be a viable alternative to -Unix-like kernels such as Linux or the BSD kernel. -

- -The current release of the Hurd is 0.2, released on June 12, 1997. See -the NEWS file for a list of changes and -improvements. -

- -In addition, we have a separate distribution of the Hurd's current -microkernel, derived from the "Mach 4" distributions made by the -University of Utah. Our distribution is called GNU Mach, the latest -version is 1.1.3. See the NEWS file for a list -of changes and improvements. - -

- - -Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF. -
-The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. - - -

- -

Binary Distributions

- -In June 1997, we released GNU 0.2, a complete system image for PC AT -compatibles with 386 or later compatible processors. This image -corresponded to version 0.2 of the Hurd. Unfortunately, GNU 0.2 did -not have a package management system, and so it was difficult to install -and upgrade. - -

- -As of July 1998, we have joined forces with the Debian Project in order to create a -new binary distribution. GNU 0.3 will look like a Debian GNU/Linux -system, but will be called Debian GNU/Hurd to -reflect the fact that it uses the Hurd running on Mach instead of Linux. -

- -In the future, we plan on porting the Hurd to other kernels besides -GNU Mach. One possibility would be to modify Linux so that it is -capable of hosting the Hurd. -

- -

General Information

- [a spherical Hurd logo - small] (jpeg 2k) -(jpeg 8k) -

-

-
Towards - a New Strategy of OS Design. -
This paper also appeared in the - January 1994 GNU's Bulletin. - -
The GNU Hurd FAQ. - -
The GNU Hurd Reference Manual -
(draft from a recent release). - -
The relationship between the Hurd and Linux. - -
The Debian GNU/Hurd project. - -
Mailing-lists are available for the Hurd: -
- -
The Hurd task list. - -
The meaning of the name "Hurd". - -
A letter to Byte magazine about the GNU Hurd - - written by Todd Hutchinson. -
Martin Michlmayr -also mentioned the Hurd in -an article in UNIXopen -(listing of -articles). - -
Some discussion of processes migration -with the Hurd.
-Some of the Mach - research at University of Utah is also relevant. - -
Several messages about the filesystem -organization of the Hurd. -
- -

-

Where to Get it

-Here are some FTP URL's for the Hurd, GNUmach, and complete GNU binary -distributions. - -
-
Hurd 0.2 source -
GNUmach 1.1.3 source -
Xfree86-3.3.2 ported to the GNU Hurd. Here are the local details and file descriptions. -

-

GNU 0.2 information -
GNU 0.2 binary distribution -

-

Directory of development snapshots. -
- -Debian GNU/Hurd has not yet been released. - -

-

What if I'm having problems?

- -First, check the FAQ (see the pointers above.) This FAQ contains -excellent advice about partition naming and many other common -problems. Then try the help-hurd mailing list mentioned above. - -

-

Current and Past Announcements

-

-These are all the announcements made over the years. -Most of them were either to gnu.announce. -

-
Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system) -
Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd) -
Test release announcement (Aug 96) -
Test release status (Jul 96) -
Binary image available, Apr 96
This and -NetBSD boot flopies should be enough -to get a working Hurd system! -
New Snapshot, Apr 96 -- NFS and lots else works! -
News Flash, Nov 95 -- ftp works! -
New Snapshot, Jul 95 -- ext2fs support -
New Snapshot, Apr 95 -
News flash, Nov 94 -
News flash, Sep 94 -- gcc runs! -
News flash, Aug 94 -
News flash, Jul 94 -- emacs runs! -
News flash, May 94 -
News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots! -
GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93 -
GNU HURD announcement, May 91 -
-

-

Other stuff and related projects

-
- -
Grub
The GRand Unified -Bootloader, written by Erich Boleyn, is the standard boot loader used -for the Hurd. - -
Lites
-A free Mach single server, based on BSD 4.4 Lite. -A - more recent version is available from the Mach4 people (q.v.) -
Mach 4. -
The Hurd currently runs on top of Mach. This page documents the Utah release of Mach, from which the GNU Mach distribution came. -
CMU CS Project Mach Home Page -
OSF Operating Systems Collected Papers -
Linux on the OSF Microkernel -
- -

-Thanks to Trent Fisher for -writing the initial version of this page, and to - -Teddy Hogeborn for the -icon. - -

- -Return to GNU's home page. -

-FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to -gnu@gnu.org. -Other ways to contact the FSF. -

-Comments on these web pages to -webmasters@www.gnu.org, -send other questions to -gnu@gnu.org. -

-Copyright (C) 1996 Trent Fisher -
-Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., -59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA -

-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

-Updated: - -19 Aug 1998 gord - -

- - + + + + + GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + No Frames!
+ Please use this: Entry Point + + + + -- cgit v1.2.3 From ef02fdd941c22e868fc2a571f775dc04ec66cbb1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jonas Öberg Date: Sun, 14 Feb 1999 17:57:26 +0000 Subject: Removed the frame thing. How did it get there? --- hurd.html | 270 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------- 1 file changed, 230 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index bc13869a..92609749 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,43 +1,233 @@ - - + - - GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - No Frames!
- Please use this: Entry Point - - + +GNU Hurd information - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + +

GNU Hurd information

+ [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) +(jpeg 20k) +no gifs due to patent problems +

+ +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's +replacement for the architecture-independent services provided by the +Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on top of a +microkernel (such as Mach) to implement file systems, network +protocols, file access control, and other features. +

+ +NOTE: the Hurd still lacks many of the features you would +expect in a usable kernel, so please don't try using it unless you are +helping us to develop it. We will announce to the world when GNU 1.0 +is ready, and at that point the Hurd will be a viable alternative to +Unix-like kernels such as Linux or the BSD kernel. +

+ +The current release of the Hurd is 0.2, released on June 12, 1997. See +the NEWS file for a list of changes and +improvements. +

+ +In addition, we have a separate distribution of the Hurd's current +microkernel, derived from the "Mach 4" distributions made by the +University of Utah. Our distribution is called GNU Mach, the latest +version is 1.1.3. See the NEWS file for a list +of changes and improvements. + +

+ + +Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF. +
+The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. + + +

+ +

Binary Distributions

+ +In June 1997, we released GNU 0.2, a complete system image for PC AT +compatibles with 386 or later compatible processors. This image +corresponded to version 0.2 of the Hurd. Unfortunately, GNU 0.2 did +not have a package management system, and so it was difficult to install +and upgrade. + +

+ +As of July 1998, we have joined forces with the Debian Project in order to create a +new binary distribution. GNU 0.3 will look like a Debian GNU/Linux +system, but will be called Debian GNU/Hurd to +reflect the fact that it uses the Hurd running on Mach instead of Linux. +

+ +In the future, we plan on porting the Hurd to other kernels besides +GNU Mach. One possibility would be to modify Linux so that it is +capable of hosting the Hurd. +

+ +

General Information

+ [a spherical Hurd logo - small] (jpeg 2k) +(jpeg 8k) +

+

+
Towards + a New Strategy of OS Design. +
This paper also appeared in the + January 1994 GNU's Bulletin. + +
The GNU Hurd FAQ. + +
The GNU Hurd Reference Manual +
(draft from a recent release). + +
The relationship between the Hurd and Linux. +
The Debian GNU/Hurd project. + +
Mailing-lists are available for the Hurd: +
+
The Hurd task list. + +
The meaning of the name "Hurd". + +
A letter to Byte magazine about the GNU Hurd + + written by Todd Hutchinson. +
Martin Michlmayr +also mentioned the Hurd in +an article in UNIXopen +(listing of +articles). + +
Some discussion of processes migration +with the Hurd.
+Some of the Mach + research at University of Utah is also relevant. + +
Several messages about the filesystem +organization of the Hurd. +
+ +

+

Where to Get it

+Here are some FTP URL's for the Hurd, GNUmach, and complete GNU binary +distributions. + +
+
Hurd 0.2 source +
GNUmach 1.1.3 source +
Xfree86-3.3.2 ported to the GNU Hurd. Here are the local details and file descriptions. +

+

GNU 0.2 information +
GNU 0.2 binary distribution +

+

Directory of development snapshots. +
+ +Debian GNU/Hurd has not yet been released. + +

+

What if I'm having problems?

+ +First, check the FAQ (see the pointers above.) This FAQ contains +excellent advice about partition naming and many other common +problems. Then try the help-hurd mailing list mentioned above. + +

+

Current and Past Announcements

+

+These are all the announcements made over the years. +Most of them were either to gnu.announce. +

+
Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system) +
Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd) +
Test release announcement (Aug 96) +
Test release status (Jul 96) +
Binary image available, Apr 96
This and +NetBSD boot flopies should be enough +to get a working Hurd system! +
New Snapshot, Apr 96 -- NFS and lots else works! +
News Flash, Nov 95 -- ftp works! +
New Snapshot, Jul 95 -- ext2fs support +
New Snapshot, Apr 95 +
News flash, Nov 94 +
News flash, Sep 94 -- gcc runs! +
News flash, Aug 94 +
News flash, Jul 94 -- emacs runs! +
News flash, May 94 +
News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots! +
GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93 +
GNU HURD announcement, May 91 +
+

+

Other stuff and related projects

+
+ +
Grub
The GRand Unified +Bootloader, written by Erich Boleyn, is the standard boot loader used +for the Hurd. + +
Lites
+A free Mach single server, based on BSD 4.4 Lite. +A + more recent version is available from the Mach4 people (q.v.) +
Mach 4. +
The Hurd currently runs on top of Mach. This page documents the Utah release of Mach, from which the GNU Mach distribution came. +
CMU CS Project Mach Home Page +
OSF Operating Systems Collected Papers +
Linux on the OSF Microkernel +
+ +

+Thanks to Trent Fisher for +writing the initial version of this page, and to + +Teddy Hogeborn for the +icon. + +

+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +Other ways to contact the FSF. +

+Comments on these web pages to +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1996 Trent Fisher +
+Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +19 Aug 1998 gord + +

+ + -- cgit v1.2.3 From 0fbf79aa1bc7a5b611298e4c289e1f9447966704 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jonas Öberg Date: Sun, 14 Feb 1999 18:10:00 +0000 Subject: Changed a logo --- hurd.html | 12 +++++++----- 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 92609749..006845a0 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ capable of hosting the Hurd.

General Information

- [a spherical Hurd logo - small] (jpeg 2k) -(jpeg 8k) + [a spherical Hurd logo] (jpeg 10k) +(jpeg 44k)

Towards @@ -112,12 +112,14 @@ capable of hosting the Hurd. written by Todd Hutchinson. + +
Some discussion of processes migration with the Hurd.
Some of the Mach -- cgit v1.2.3 From 5df8e1071be1e0532898a03fd1a452d6f4281d2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gordon Matzigkeit Date: Sun, 25 Apr 1999 18:27:43 +0000 Subject: Ole J. Tetlie's changes to no frames, and a few cleanups. --- acknowledgements.html | 128 +++++++++++++++++++ hurd-announcements.html | 114 +++++++++++++++++ hurd.html | 333 +++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------- 3 files changed, 388 insertions(+), 187 deletions(-) create mode 100644 acknowledgements.html create mode 100644 hurd-announcements.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/acknowledgements.html b/acknowledgements.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..801a8d2c --- /dev/null +++ b/acknowledgements.html @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + + + GNU Hurd: Acknowledgements + + + + + + + + + + +
+The GNU Hurd
+About the Hurd
+About Microkernels
+Trying out Hurd
+ +

+Getting Help
+Installation
+FAQs
+Mailing lists
+Reference Manual
+ + +

+Software
+GRUB
+X11
+Japanese stuff
+ +

+ +Acknowledgements
+ +

 +

Acknowledgements

 + +

We wish a warm ``Thank GNU'' to everybody who has helped in the +development of the Hurd. Here is a categorized list of people who +made significant contributions. If we have omitted anybody, we +apologize... please let us know so that we can update this list! + +

+
Hurd software
+
+
Mark Kettenis
+
many GNU C library and Hurd bug fixes and updates
+
Miles Bader
+
paid by the FSF to help make the Hurd usable as a standalone system, + wrote several important translators
+
OKUJI Yoshinori
+
many gnumach bug fixes and updates
+
Roland McGrath
+
paid by the FSF to design and implement the GNU C library for the Hurd, + as well as many Hurd features, current Hurd C library maintainer
+
Thomas Bushnell, BSG (formerly Michael I. Bushnell)
+
paid by the FSF as primary architect of the Hurd, current Hurd maintainer
+
UCHIYAMA Yasushi
+
ported XFree86 to the Hurd
+
+ +
Debian GNU/Hurd
+
+
Gordon Matzigkeit
+
paid by the FSF as a liason from GNU to Debian
+
Marcus Brinkmann
+
bootstrapped the Debian GNU/Hurd base set and many packages, liason + from Debian to GNU
+
Santiago Vila
+
support for cross-compiling Debian packages
+
+ +
Documentation
+
+
Derek Upham
+
wrote the original GNU Hurd FAQ
+
Gordon Matzigkeit
+
reorganized and updated the GNU Hurd Reference Manual for release 0.3 +
Matthew C. Vernon
+
wrote the ``Idiot's Guide'' for getting started with the Hurd
+
Matthias Pfisterer
+
reorganized and updated the web site in early 1999
+
Stephen L. Favor
+
current FAQ maintainer
+
Trent Fisher
+
wrote the original version of the Hurd pages
+
+
+ +
+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+ +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

+ +Please send comments on these web pages to + +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +23 Jan 1999 matthias + +

+
+ + + diff --git a/hurd-announcements.html b/hurd-announcements.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..71749434 --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd-announcements.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + + + + Hurd Announcements - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + +

Current and Past Announcements

+ +These are all the announcements made over the years. Most of them were +either to gnu.announce or Hurd interest +mailing lists. + +
+ +
+Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system)
+ +
+Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd)
+ +
+Test release announcement (Aug 96)
+ +
+Test release status (Jul 96)
+ +
+Binary image available, Apr 96
+ +
+This and NetBSD boot flopies should +be enough to get a working Hurd system!
+ +
+New Snapshot, Apr 96 -- NFS and lots else +works!
+ +
+News Flash, Nov 95 -- ftp works!
+ +
+New Snapshot, Jul 95 -- ext2fs support
+ +
+New Snapshot, Apr 95
+ +
+News flash, Nov 94
+ +
+News flash, Sep 94 -- gcc runs!
+ +
+News flash, Aug 94
+ +
+News flash, Jul 94 -- emacs runs!
+ +
+News flash, May 94
+ +
+News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots!
+ +
+GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93
+ +
+GNU HURD announcement, May 91
+ +
 
+ +
+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+ +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

+ +Please send comments on these web pages to + +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +23 Jan 1999 matthias + +

+ + + + diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 006845a0..02fd4893 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,235 +1,194 @@ - + + - -GNU Hurd information - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - -

GNU Hurd information

- [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) -(jpeg 20k) -no gifs due to patent problems -

+ + GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + -The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's -replacement for the architecture-independent services provided by the -Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on top of a -microkernel (such as Mach) to implement file systems, network -protocols, file access control, and other features. -

+ + + + + + + +
+The GNU Hurd
+About the Hurd
+About Microkernels
+Trying out Hurd
-NOTE: the Hurd still lacks many of the features you would -expect in a usable kernel, so please don't try using it unless you are -helping us to develop it. We will announce to the world when GNU 1.0 -is ready, and at that point the Hurd will be a viable alternative to -Unix-like kernels such as Linux or the BSD kernel.

+Getting Help
+Installation
+FAQs
+Mailing lists
+Reference Manual
+ -The current release of the Hurd is 0.2, released on June 12, 1997. See -the NEWS file for a list of changes and -improvements.

- -In addition, we have a separate distribution of the Hurd's current -microkernel, derived from the "Mach 4" distributions made by the -University of Utah. Our distribution is called GNU Mach, the latest -version is 1.1.3. See the NEWS file for a list -of changes and improvements. +Software
+GRUB
+X11
+Japanese stuff

+ +Acknowledgements
+ +

 +

GNU Hurd

 - -Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF. -
-The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. - +

What is the Hurd?

+The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The +Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement +file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features +that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux).

+Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably +will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in +the future. -

Binary Distributions

+

Advantages of the Hurd

-In June 1997, we released GNU 0.2, a complete system image for PC AT -compatibles with 386 or later compatible processors. This image -corresponded to version 0.2 of the Hurd. Unfortunately, GNU 0.2 did -not have a package management system, and so it was difficult to install -and upgrade. +The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet +(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: -

- -As of July 1998, we have joined forces with the Debian Project in order to create a -new binary distribution. GNU 0.3 will look like a Debian GNU/Linux -system, but will be called Debian GNU/Hurd to -reflect the fact that it uses the Hurd running on Mach instead of Linux. -

+

-In the future, we plan on porting the Hurd to other kernels besides -GNU Mach. One possibility would be to modify Linux so that it is -capable of hosting the Hurd. -

+

it's free software
+ +
+Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the +GNU +General Public License (GPL). The Hurd is part of the GNU system, +which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL. +
+ +
it's compatible
+ +
+The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all +intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses +the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, +BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. +
+ +
it is built to survive
+ +
+Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure +that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure +will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having +to be entirely rewritten. +
+ +
it's scalable
+ +
+The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently +on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces +are designed to allow transparent network clusters (collectives), +although this feature has not yet been implemented. +
+ +
it's extensible
+ +
+The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel +hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of +the system is designed to be modified and extended. +
+ +
it's stable
+ +
+It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting +the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components +doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges +are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: +it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize +them or you are the system administrator. +
+ +
it exists
+ +
+The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research +project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start +using and developing it. +
-

General Information

- [a spherical Hurd logo] (jpeg 10k) -(jpeg 44k) -

-

-
Towards - a New Strategy of OS Design. -
This paper also appeared in the - January 1994 GNU's Bulletin. - -
The GNU Hurd FAQ. - -
The GNU Hurd Reference Manual -
(draft from a recent release). - -
The relationship between the Hurd and Linux. - -
The Debian GNU/Hurd project. - -
Mailing-lists are available for the Hurd: -
- -
The Hurd task list. - -
The meaning of the name "Hurd". - -
A letter to Byte magazine about the GNU Hurd - - written by Todd Hutchinson. - - -
Some discussion of processes migration -with the Hurd.
-Some of the Mach - research at University of Utah is also relevant. - -
Several messages about the filesystem -organization of the Hurd.
-

-

Where to Get it

-Here are some FTP URL's for the Hurd, GNUmach, and complete GNU binary -distributions. -
-
Hurd 0.2 source -
GNUmach 1.1.3 source -
Xfree86-3.3.2 ported to the GNU Hurd. Here are the local details and file descriptions. -

-

GNU 0.2 information -
GNU 0.2 binary distribution -

-

Directory of development snapshots. -
+

What the name ``Hurd'' means

-Debian GNU/Hurd has not yet been released. +According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' +stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my +knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually +recursive acronyms.'' -

-

What if I'm having problems?

+

Status of the project

-First, check the FAQ (see the pointers above.) This FAQ contains -excellent advice about partition naming and many other common -problems. Then try the help-hurd mailing list mentioned above. +The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997. +At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the +Debian Project are assembling +a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution.

-

Current and Past Announcements

-

-These are all the announcements made over the years. -Most of them were either to gnu.announce. -

-
Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system) -
Release 0.2 announcement (Hurd) -
Test release announcement (Aug 96) -
Test release status (Jul 96) -
Binary image available, Apr 96
This and -NetBSD boot flopies should be enough -to get a working Hurd system! -
New Snapshot, Apr 96 -- NFS and lots else works! -
News Flash, Nov 95 -- ftp works! -
New Snapshot, Jul 95 -- ext2fs support -
New Snapshot, Apr 95 -
News flash, Nov 94 -
News flash, Sep 94 -- gcc runs! -
News flash, Aug 94 -
News flash, Jul 94 -- emacs runs! -
News flash, May 94 -
News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots! -
GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93 -
GNU HURD announcement, May 91 -
+ +The new distribution will use the Debian package management system +to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system +is the same one used in +Debian GNU/Linux distributions. +In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution will +be called Debian GNU/Hurd. +

-

Other stuff and related projects

-
-
Grub
The GRand Unified -Bootloader, written by Erich Boleyn, is the standard boot loader used -for the Hurd. - -
Lites
-A free Mach single server, based on BSD 4.4 Lite. -A - more recent version is available from the Mach4 people (q.v.) -
Mach 4. -
The Hurd currently runs on top of Mach. This page documents the Utah release of Mach, from which the GNU Mach distribution came. -
CMU CS Project Mach Home Page -
OSF Operating Systems Collected Papers -
Linux on the OSF Microkernel -
+These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready +and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you +use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the +newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. -

-Thanks to Trent Fisher for -writing the initial version of this page, and to +

-Teddy Hogeborn for the -icon. +Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the +FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.

-Return to GNU's home page. +Return to GNU's home page.

-FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + gnu@gnu.org. -Other ways to contact the FSF. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF.

-Comments on these web pages to + +Please send comments on these web pages to + webmasters@www.gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

-Copyright (C) 1996 Trent Fisher -
-Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

Updated: -19 Aug 1998 gord +23 Jan 1999 matthias

+
+ -- cgit v1.2.3 From cbd399895015edff3b8e2c366307a6b42a57dd4b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gordon Matzigkeit Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 17:14:19 +0000 Subject: Fix some minor details. --- acknowledgements.html | 2 +- hurd.html | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/acknowledgements.html b/acknowledgements.html index 801a8d2c..07202e5c 100644 --- a/acknowledgements.html +++ b/acknowledgements.html @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Software
GRUB
X11
-Japanese stuff
+Contributions

diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 02fd4893..7266bdaf 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Software
GRUB
X11
-Japanese stuff
+Contributions

-- cgit v1.2.3 From a597ec2e652adac08a0109895398c9a2f2fb1714 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gordon Matzigkeit Date: Mon, 21 Jun 1999 17:31:00 +0000 Subject: Changed Hurd -> the Hurd. --- acknowledgements.html | 2 +- hurd-announcements.html | 4 ++-- hurd.html | 2 +- 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/acknowledgements.html b/acknowledgements.html index 07202e5c..8db8df49 100644 --- a/acknowledgements.html +++ b/acknowledgements.html @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ The GNU Hurd
About the Hurd
About Microkernels
-Trying out Hurd
+Trying out the Hurd

Getting Help
diff --git a/hurd-announcements.html b/hurd-announcements.html index 71749434..b7b2358c 100644 --- a/hurd-announcements.html +++ b/hurd-announcements.html @@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ works! News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots!

-GNU HURD announcement, Nov 93
+GNU Hurd announcement, Nov 93
-GNU HURD announcement, May 91
+GNU Hurd announcement, May 91
 
diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 7266bdaf..f27d866b 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ The GNU Hurd
About the Hurd
About Microkernels
-Trying out Hurd
+Trying out the Hurd

Getting Help
-- cgit v1.2.3 From 0371951a2093e1d5eb8a7de9f860968839676d60 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gordon Matzigkeit Date: Wed, 1 Dec 1999 20:53:49 +0000 Subject: Minor simplification. --- acknowledgements.html | 16 +-- hurd.html | 377 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- 2 files changed, 186 insertions(+), 207 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/acknowledgements.html b/acknowledgements.html index 8db8df49..fb39187d 100644 --- a/acknowledgements.html +++ b/acknowledgements.html @@ -15,21 +15,11 @@ The GNU Hurd
About the Hurd
About Microkernels
-Trying out the Hurd
- -

-Getting Help
-Installation
-FAQs
-Mailing lists
-Reference Manual
-

Software
-GRUB
-X11
-Contributions
+Trying out the Hurd
+Getting Help

@@ -117,7 +107,7 @@ Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

Updated: -23 Jan 1999 matthias +30 Nov 1999 gord

diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index f27d866b..7ccac539 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,194 +1,183 @@ - - - - - GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - - - - - - - - -
-The GNU Hurd
-About the Hurd
-About Microkernels
-Trying out the Hurd
- -

-Getting Help
-Installation
-FAQs
-Mailing lists
-Reference Manual
- - -

-Software
-GRUB
-X11
-Contributions
- -

- -Acknowledgements
- -

 -

GNU Hurd

 - -

What is the Hurd?

- -The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The -Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement -file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features -that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). -

-Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably -will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in -the future. - -

Advantages of the Hurd

- -The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet -(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: - -
- -
it's free software
- -
-Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the -GNU -General Public License (GPL). The Hurd is part of the GNU system, -which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL. -
- -
it's compatible
- -
-The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all -intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses -the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, -BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. -
- -
it is built to survive
- -
-Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure -that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure -will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having -to be entirely rewritten. -
- -
it's scalable
- -
-The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently -on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces -are designed to allow transparent network clusters (collectives), -although this feature has not yet been implemented. -
- -
it's extensible
- -
-The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel -hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of -the system is designed to be modified and extended. -
- -
it's stable
- -
-It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting -the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components -doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges -are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: -it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize -them or you are the system administrator. -
- -
it exists
- -
-The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research -project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start -using and developing it. -
- -
- - -

What the name ``Hurd'' means

- -According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' -stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my -knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually -recursive acronyms.'' - -

Status of the project

- -The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997. -At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the -Debian Project are assembling -a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution. - -

- -The new distribution will use the Debian package management system -to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system -is the same one used in -Debian GNU/Linux distributions. -In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution will -be called Debian GNU/Hurd. - -

- -These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready -and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you -use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the -newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. - -

- -Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the -FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. - -

- -Return to GNU's home page. -

- -Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to - -gnu@gnu.org. -There are also other ways to -contact the FSF. -

- -Please send comments on these web pages to - -webmasters@www.gnu.org, -send other questions to -gnu@gnu.org. -

-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., -59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA -

-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

-Updated: - -23 Jan 1999 matthias - -

-
- - - + + + + + GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + +
+The GNU Hurd
+About the Hurd
+About Microkernels
+

+Software
+Trying out the Hurd
+Getting Help
+ +

+ +Acknowledgements
+ +

 +

GNU Hurd

 + +

What is the Hurd?

+ +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The +Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement +file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features +that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). +

+Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably +will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in +the future. + +

Advantages of the Hurd

+ +The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet +(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: + +
+ +
it's free software
+ +
+Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the +GNU +General Public License (GPL). The Hurd is part of the GNU system, +which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL. +
+ +
it's compatible
+ +
+The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all +intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses +the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, +BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. +
+ +
it's built to survive
+ +
+Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure +that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure +will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having +to be entirely rewritten. +
+ +
it's scalable
+ +
+The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently +on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces +are designed to allow transparent network clusters (collectives), +although this feature has not yet been implemented. +
+ +
it's extensible
+ +
+The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel +hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of +the system is designed to be modified and extended. +
+ +
it's stable
+ +
+It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting +the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components +doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges +are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: +it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize +them or you are the system administrator. +
+ +
it exists
+ +
+The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research +project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start +using and developing it. +
+ +
+ + +

What the name ``Hurd'' means

+ +According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' +stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my +knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually +recursive acronyms.'' + +

Status of the project

+ +The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997. +At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the +Debian Project are assembling +a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution. + +

+ +The new distribution will use the Debian package management system +to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system +is the same one used in +Debian GNU/Linux distributions. +In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution is +called Debian GNU/Hurd. + +

+ +These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready +and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you +use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the +newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. + +

+ +Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the +FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. + +

+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+ +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

+ +Please send comments on these web pages to + +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +23 Jan 1999 matthias + +

+
+ + + -- cgit v1.2.3 From f5b45e57ca4c705c65f78a42d6dce332b1d955e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeff Bailey Date: Sun, 19 Nov 2000 02:00:05 +0000 Subject: Test change --- hurd.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 7ccac539..c5c8eea8 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux).

-Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably +Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in the future. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1a1c718cdd4be611224b38b554bf98147b337b8e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeff Bailey Date: Wed, 22 Nov 2000 22:59:44 +0000 Subject: Newsflash update --- hurd.html | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index c5c8eea8..8197c2d8 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -28,6 +28,8 @@

GNU Hurd

+

NEWS

+

November 22nd, 2000 - We made slashdot! For those of you wondering, this page is now under new maintainership. Please check back soon for new updates, links, and information!

What is the Hurd?

The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The -- cgit v1.2.3 From de413c30d81bbb12fe7f1f7ba951800a20e45e8a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeff Bailey Date: Tue, 28 Nov 2000 17:35:07 +0000 Subject: Change source email to web-hurd@gnu.org --- hurd.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 8197c2d8..efa9b6b3 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - + -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8569f8cef21fae536ad0071447dbf14dcaa5f1f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jeff Bailey Date: Mon, 4 Dec 2000 06:41:27 +0000 Subject: Add howto and whatis sections to site. --- howto/subhurd.html | 95 ++++++++++++++++ hurd.html | 5 + whatis/translator.html | 296 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 396 insertions(+) create mode 100644 howto/subhurd.html create mode 100644 whatis/translator.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/howto/subhurd.html b/howto/subhurd.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ad01a515 --- /dev/null +++ b/howto/subhurd.html @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + + + GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + +
+The GNU Hurd
+About the Hurd
+About Microkernels
+

+Software
+Trying out the Hurd
+Getting Help
+

+Whatis?
+Howto?
+

+ +

+ +Acknowledgements
+ +

 +

Running a Subhurd

+

By Roland McGrath

+

The most useful thing you can do when trying to troubleshoot the boot +sequence of the Hurd is try to run your the system in a +sub-hurd, while watching it using ps and gdb from the working hurd. Since +the sub-hurd is never going to make it all the way up, you don't even +really need to make a separate filesystem for it; you can just boot the +sub-hurd read-only on your main root filesystem if you like.

+ +

The way to boot the sub-hurd is with `boot'. I would suggest something +like this: boot -d -I -Tdevice /boot/servers.boot hd0s6

+ +

The -d says to pause before the start-up of each server and wait for you to +hit return, which gives you time to go attach gdb to the task before it +starts running. The -I says to leave the terminal signals normal, so +hitting C-z will suspend boot rather than sending a C-z to the virtual +console device of the sub-hurd. (Note that suspending boot does not +suspend the sub-hurd, just boot itself; boot acts as the server for device +access from the sub-hurd, so the sub-hurd's attempts to write to its +console or open devices block while boot is suspended.)

+ +

When you do `ps -A' on the main hurd, the sub-hurd tasks will appear as +unknown processes. You can figure out which is which just by looking at +the order of unknown processes that appear with higher PIDs than the boot +process. They appear in the order you see in the "bootstrap: ..." +messages, i.e. the first unknown after boot will be ext2fs.static, the +second exec, then init, then proc.

+ + +
+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+ +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

+ +Please send comments on these web pages to + +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +23 Jan 1999 matthias + +

+
+ + + diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index efa9b6b3..ebef616a 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -19,6 +19,10 @@ Software
Trying out the Hurd
Getting Help
+

+Whatis?
+Howto?
+

@@ -29,6 +33,7 @@

GNU Hurd

NEWS

+

November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little while.

November 22nd, 2000 - We made slashdot! For those of you wondering, this page is now under new maintainership. Please check back soon for new updates, links, and information!

What is the Hurd?

diff --git a/whatis/translator.html b/whatis/translator.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f77e39df --- /dev/null +++ b/whatis/translator.html @@ -0,0 +1,296 @@ + + + + + GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + +
+The GNU Hurd
+About the Hurd
+About Microkernels
+

+Software
+Trying out the Hurd
+Getting Help
+

+Whatis?
+Howto?
+

+ +

+ +Acknowledgements
+ +

 +

GNU Hurd

 +

Translators

+

By Marcus Brinkmann

+ +

Concept

+

+Before we take a closer look at translators, let us consider regular +filesystems. A filesystem is store for a hierarchical tree of directories +and files. You access directories and files by a special character string, +the path. Furthermore, there are symbolic links to refer to one file at +several places in the tree, there are hard links to give one and the same +file several names. There are also special device files for communication +with the hardware device drivers of the kernel, and there are mount points +to include other stores in the directory tree. Then there are obscure +objects like fifos and hard links.

+

+Although these objects are very different, they share some common +properties, for example, they have all an owner and a group associated with +them as well as access rights (permissions). This information is written in +inodes. This is a actually a further commonality: Every object has exactly +one inode associated with it (hard links are somewhat special as they share +one and the same inode). Sometimes, the inode has further information +stored in it. For example, the inode can contain the target of a symbolic +link.

+

+However, these commonalities are usually not exploited in the +implementations, despite the common programming interface to them. All +inodes can be accessed through the standard POSIX calls, for example +read() and write(). For example, to add a new +object type (for example a new link type) to a common monolithic unix +kernel, you would need to modify the code for each filesystem +seperately.

+

+In the Hurd, things work differently. Although in the Hurd a special +filesystem server can exploit special properties of standard object types +like links (in the ext2 filesystem with fast links, for example), it has a +general interface to add such features without modifying existing code.

+

+The trick is to allow a program to be inserted between the actual content of +a file and the user accessing this file. Such a program is called a +translator, because it is able to process the incoming requests in many +different ways. In other words, a translator is a Hurd server which provides +the basic filesystem interface.

+

+Translators have very interesting properties. From the kernels point of +view, they are just another user process. This means, translators can be run +by any user. You don't need root priviligies to install or modify a +translator, you only need the access rights for the underlying inode the +translator is attached to. Many translators don't require an actual file to +operate, they can provide information by their own means. This is why +the information about translators is stored in the inode.

+

+Translators are responsible to serve all file system operations that involve +the inode they are attached to. Because they are not restricted to the usual +set of objects (device file, link etc), they are free to return anything +that makes sense to the programmer. One could imagine a translator that +behaves like a directory when accessed by cd or +ls and at the same time behaves like a file when accessed by +cat.

+

Examples

+

Mount Points

+

+A mount point can be seen as an inode that has a special translator attached +to it. Its purpose would be to translate filesystem operations on the mount +point in filesystem operations on another store, let's say, another +partition.

+

+Indeed, this is how filesystems are implemented under the Hurd. A +filesystem is a translator. This translator takes a store as its argument, +and is able to serve all filesystem operations transparently.

+

Device Files

+

+There are many different device files, and in systems with a monolithical +kernel, they are all provided by the kernel itself. In the Hurd, all device +files are provided by translators. One translator can provide support for +many similar device files, for example all hard disk partitions. This way, +the number of actual translators needed is quite small. However, note that +for each device file accessed, a seperate translator task is started. +Because the Hurd is heavily multi threaded, this is very cheap.

+

+When hardware is involved, a translator usually starts to communicate with +the kernel to get the data from the hardware. However, if no hardware access +is necessary, the kernel does not need to be involved. For example, +/dev/zero does not require hardware access, and can therefore +be implemented completely in user space.

+

Symbolic Links

+

+A symbolic link can be seen as a translator. Accesing the symbolic link +would start up the translator, which would forward the request to the +filesystem that contains the file the link points to.

+

+However, for better performance, filesystems that have native support +for symbolic links can take advantage of this feature and implement +symbolic links differently. Internally, accessing a symbolic link would not +start a new translator process. However, to the user, it would still look +as if a passive translator is involved (see below for an explanation what a +passsive translator is).

+

+Because the Hurd ships with a symlink translator, any filesystem server that +provides support for translators automatically has support for symlinks (and +firmlinks, and device files etc)! This means, you can get a working +filesystem very fast, and add native support for symlinks and other features +later.

+

Passive Translators, Active Translators

+

+There are two types of translators, passive and active. They are really +completely different things, so don't mix them up, but they have a close +relation to each other.

+

Active Translators

+

+An active translator is a running translator process, as introduced above. +You can set and remove active translators using the +settrans -a +command. The -a option is necessary to tell +settrans that you want to modify the active translator.

+

+The settrans command takes three kind of arguments. First, you +can set options for the settrans command itself, like +-a to modify the active translator. Then you set the inode you +want to modify. Remember that a translator is always associated with an +inode in the directory hierarchy. You can only modify one inode at a time. +If you do not specify any more arguments, settrans will try to +remove an existing translator. How hard it tries depends on the force +options you specify (if the translator is in use by any process, you will +get "device or resource busy" error message unless you force it to go away).

+

+But if you specify further arguments, it will be interpreted as a command +line to run the translator. This means, the next argument is the filename of +the translator executable. Further arguments are options to the translator, +and not to the settrans command.

+

+For example, to mount an ext2fs partition, you can run +settrans -a -c /mnt /hurd/ext2fs /dev/hd2s5. The +-c option will create the mount point for you if it doesn't +exist already. This does not need to be a directory, by the way. To unmount, +you would try settrans -a /mnt.

+

Passive Translators

+

+A passive translator is set and modified with the same syntax as the active +translator (just leave away the -a, so everything said above is +true for passive translators, too. However, there is a difference: passive +translators are not yet started.

+

+This makes sense, because this is what you usually want. You don't want the +partition mounted unless you really access files on this partition. You +don't want to bring up the network unless there is some traffic and so +on.

+

+Instead, the first time the passive translator is accessed, it is +automatically read out of the inode and an active translator is started on +top of it using the command line that was stored in the inode. This is +similar to the Linux automounter functionality. However, it does not come as +an additional bonus that you have to set up manually, but an integral part of +the system. So, setting passive translators defers starting the translator +task until you really need it. By the way, if the active translator dies for +some reason, the next time the inode is accessed the translator is +restarted.

+

+There is a further difference: active translators can die or get lost. As +soon as the active translator process is killed (for example, because you +reboot the machine) it is lost forever. Passive translators are not transient +and stay in the inode during reboots until you modify them with the +settrans program or delete the inodes they are attached to. +This means, you don't need to maintain a configuration file with your mount +points.

+

+One last point: Even if you have set a passive translator, you can still +set a different active translator. Only if the translator is automatically +started because there was no active translator the time the inode was +accessed the passive translator is considered.

+

Managing Translators

+

+As mentioned above, you can use +settrans +to set and alter passive and active translators. There are a lot of options +to change the behaviour of settrans in case something goes +wrong, and to conditionalize its action. Here are some common usages:

+
  • settrans -c /mnt /hurd/ext2fs /dev/hd2s5 mounts a +partition, the translator will stay across reboots.
    • +
  • settrans -a /mnt /hurd/ext2fs ~/dummy.fs mounts a +filesystem inside a data file, the translator will go away if it dies.
    • +
  • settrans -fg /nfs-data forces a translator to go away.
    • +
+

+You can use the showtrans +command to see if a translator is attached to an inode. This will only show +you the passive translator though.

+

+You can change the options of an active (filesystem) translator with +fsysopts without actually restarting it. This is very +convenient. For example, you can do what is called "remounting a +partition read-only" under Linux simply by running fsysopts +/mntpoint --readonly. The running active translator +will change its behaviour according to your request if possible. +fsysopts /mntpoint without a parameter shows you the current +settings.

+

Examples

+

+I recommend that you start by reading the /bin/mount command, +it is only a small script. Because setting filesystem translators is +similar to mounting partitions, you can easily grasp the concept this way. +Make a file system image with dd if=/dev/zero of=dummy.fs bs=1024k +count=8; mke2fs dummy.fs and "mount" it with settrans -c dummy +/hurd/ext2fs `pwd`/dummy.fs. Note that the translator is not started +yet, no new ext2fs process is running (verify with ps +Aux). Check that everything is correct using showtrans

+

+Now type ls dummy and you will notice the short delay that +occurs while the translator is started. After that, there will be no more +delays accessing dummy. Under Linux, one would say that you automounted a +loop file system. Check with ps Aux that there is an ext2fs +dummy process up and running now. Now put some files into the new +directory. Try to make the filesystem read-only with fsysopts. +Note how further write attempts fail now. Try to kill the active translator +with settrans -g.

+

+You should have some understanding of what is going on now. Now remember +that this was only one special server, the Hurd ext2fs server. +There are many more server in the hurd directory. Some of them +are for filesystems. Some are needed for file system features like links. +Some are needed for device files. Some are useful for networking. Imagine +"mounting" an FTP Server with settrans and downloading files +simply with the standard cp command. Or editing your web sites +with emacs /ftp/homepage.my.server.org/index.html!

+ +
+ +Return to GNU's home page. +

+ +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

+ +Please send comments on these web pages to + +webmasters@www.gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

+Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+Updated: + +23 Jan 1999 matthias + +

+
+ + + -- cgit v1.2.3 From 7a3e16c8ae5beb5700d75df29d6b4477b1aaaeaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Paul Visscher Date: Fri, 30 Mar 2001 21:25:20 +0000 Subject: changed per RMS's request --- hurd.html | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index ebef616a..f74ac388 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ - + @@ -33,8 +33,9 @@

GNU Hurd

NEWS

-

November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little while.

-

November 22nd, 2000 - We made slashdot! For those of you wondering, this page is now under new maintainership. Please check back soon for new updates, links, and information!

+

November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site +HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little +while.

What is the Hurd?

The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The @@ -45,10 +46,15 @@ that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in the future. +

+The Hurd is part of the GNU, which is a complete free operating +system. Since the Hurd is not in production use yet, the version of +GNU that is popular today is +GNU/Linux, which uses Linux as the kernel instead of the Hurd.

Advantages of the Hurd

-The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet +The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet (yet), but it does have a number of enticing features:
@@ -58,16 +64,15 @@ The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet
Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the GNU -General Public License (GPL). The Hurd is part of the GNU system, -which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL. -
+General Public License (GPL).
it's compatible
The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses -the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, +the GNU C Library, +whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
@@ -128,26 +133,25 @@ recursive acronyms.''

Status of the project

-The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997. -At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the -Debian Project are assembling -a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution. - +The last official release of the Hurd-based GNU system was the 0.2 +binary distribution of June 1997. At the moment, the Hurd developers +and people from the Debian Project are assembling a new distribution +which will be known as version 0.3. In parallel to that GNU/Linux +distribution, the upcoming Hurd-based GNU distribution is called Debian GNU/Hurd.

-The new distribution will use the Debian package management system -to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system -is the same one used in -Debian GNU/Linux distributions. -In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution is -called Debian GNU/Hurd. +The new GNU/Hurd distribution will use the Debian package management +system to ease installation and updating the system. This package +management system is the same one used in Debian GNU/Linux +distributions.

-These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready -and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you -use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the -newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. +These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready and +quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that +you use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, +because the newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable.

@@ -172,14 +176,14 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

Updated: -23 Jan 1999 matthias +29 Mar 2001 rms

-- cgit v1.2.3 From 2f7cc7f2b7fc965f5e8dc98abc3df926d1919252 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Paul Visscher Date: Tue, 3 Jul 2001 22:45:39 +0000 Subject: added to each file, per Jonas's request --- hurd.html | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index f74ac388..d28a4d98 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8b8ae811c7ff6731eb0867054a863fdc31593ba0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 05:10:33 +0000 Subject: Replace with a new version that uses the new files just added. --- hurd.html | 249 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------------- 1 file changed, 119 insertions(+), 130 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index d28a4d98..dd7947f8 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -1,195 +1,184 @@ - - - GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - - + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + - -
+
+ + + + - + +
+ [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
+The GNU Hurd
+ 
+Documentation
+Installation
+Getting Help
+Download
+Development
+History + +		 -The GNU Hurd
-About the Hurd
-About Microkernels
+

-Software
-Trying out the Hurd
-Getting Help
-

-Whatis?
-Howto?
-

- +

Table of Contents

+

- -Acknowledgements
- -

 -

GNU Hurd

 - -

NEWS

-

November 3rd, 2000 - Integration has begun of the hurddocs.org site -HOWTO and WHATIS sections. This will continue during the next little -while.

-

What is the Hurd?

+
-The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The -Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement -file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features -that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). +

Introduction to the Hurd

-Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably -will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in -the future. +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. +The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel +to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and +other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar +kernels (such as Linux).

-The Hurd is part of the GNU, which is a complete free operating -system. Since the Hurd is not in production use yet, the version of -GNU that is popular today is -GNU/Linux, which uses Linux as the kernel instead of the Hurd. - -

Advantages of the Hurd

- -The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet -(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: +Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and +probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other +microkernels in the future. +

Advantages of the Hurd

+The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet (yet), +but it does have a number of enticing features:
-
it's free software
-
Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the -GNU -General Public License (GPL).
- +GNU General Public License (GPL).
it's compatible
-
-The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all -intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses -the GNU C Library, -whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, -BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. +The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For +all intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The +Hurd uses the GNU C Library, +whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, BSD, +POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
-
it's built to survive
-
-Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure -that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure -will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having -to be entirely rewritten. +Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented +structure that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. +This structure will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and +modifications without having to be entirely rewritten.
-
it's scalable
-
-The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently -on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces -are designed to allow transparent network clusters (collectives), -although this feature has not yet been implemented. +The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs +efficiently on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. +The Hurd interfaces are designed to allow transparent network clusters +(collectives), although this feature has not yet been +implemented.
-
it's extensible
-
The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel -hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of -the system is designed to be modified and extended. +hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part +of the system is designed to be modified and extended.
-
it's stable
-
-It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting -the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components -doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges -are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: -it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize -them or you are the system administrator. +It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without +rebooting the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own +kernel components doesn't interfere with other users, and so no +special system privileges are required. The mechanism for kernel +extensions is secure by design: it is impossible to impose your +changes upon other users unless they authorize them or you are the +system administrator.
-
it exists
-
-The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research -project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start -using and developing it. +The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research +project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can +start using and developing it.
-
+

What the Hurd means

+According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd: +
+`Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' +stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to +my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually +recursive acronyms. +
-

What the name ``Hurd'' means

- -According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' -stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my -knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually -recursive acronyms.'' - -

Status of the project

- -The last official release of the Hurd-based GNU system was the 0.2 -binary distribution of June 1997. At the moment, the Hurd developers -and people from the Debian Project are assembling a new distribution -which will be known as version 0.3. In parallel to that GNU/Linux -distribution, the upcoming Hurd-based GNU distribution is called Debian GNU/Hurd. +

Status of the project

- -The new GNU/Hurd distribution will use the Debian package management -system to ease installation and updating the system. This package -management system is the same one used in Debian GNU/Linux -distributions. - +The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library +and the other GNU programs, provides a rather complete and usable +operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there +are still many bugs and missing features. However, it should be a +good base for further development and non-critical application usage.

- -These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready and -quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that -you use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, -because the newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. - +The Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of +the Hurd system from the Hurd itself). You can run several Hurd +systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another Hurd +with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, +and advanced server applications like Apache. +

+On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound +cards) and other hardware is mostly missing. Although the POSIX +interface is provided, some additional interfaces like POSIX threads, +shared memories or semaphores are still under development.

+All this applies to the current development version, and not to the +last release (0.2). We encourage everybody who is interested to try +out the latest development version, and send feedback to the Hurd +developers. +

-Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the -FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. +
+ +[ + English +]
-Return to GNU's home page. +

+Return to GNU's home page.

Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to gnu@gnu.org. -There are also other ways to +There are also other ways to contact the FSF.

Please send comments on these web pages to -webmasters@www.gnu.org, +web-hurd@gnu.org, send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

Updated: - -29 Mar 2001 rms - + +$Date$ $Author$ +

- - - - -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1e0a59699bf885faa4f2ff7b95db0c398f803b17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Tue, 11 Sep 2001 06:06:23 +0000 Subject: Everywhere: s/ - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 6e108dea..3b5c880f 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
- [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 6505c05f..de7737ac 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ diff --git a/old_hurd_faq.html b/old_hurd_faq.html index 00a49827..b310824b 100644 --- a/old_hurd_faq.html +++ b/old_hurd_faq.html @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -The Unofficial (and no longer maintained) GNU Hurd FAQ, Version 0.13 +The Unofficial (and no longer maintained) GNU Hurd FAQ, Version 0.13 -
The Unofficial (and no longer maintained) GNU Hurd FAQ, Version 0.13
+
The Unofficial (and no longer maintained) GNU Hurd FAQ, Version 0.13
 
 Contributions by:
 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ Original Document by: Derek Upham 
 
 Contents:
 
-Q0.  Where can I get the Unofficial GNU Hurd FAQ?
+Q0.  Where can I get the Unofficial GNU Hurd FAQ?
 Q1.  What is the Hurd?
 Q2.  Where can I get a copy?
 Q3.  Why bother writing a new OS when we have Linux and 386/BSD?
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Q9.  What sort of system would we have if the Hurd was bootable today?
 
 ==============================
 
-Q0.  Where can I get the Unofficial GNU Hurd FAQ?
+Q0.  Where can I get the Unofficial GNU Hurd FAQ?
 
 The Unofficial Hurd FAQ (what you are reading now) is occasionally
 posted to the USENET newsgroup, gnu.misc.discuss.  It is also
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Q5.  Where can I find more information?
 The June 1995 GNU's Bulletin contains the following official
 information:
 
-   The GNU Hurd now runs programs native.  We have implemented both
+   The GNU Hurd now runs programs native.  We have implemented both
    shared libraries using ELF, & the popular `ext2' file system used
    by Linux.  It can run GCC, `make', Emacs, & most other GNU
    utilities.  Progress is being made so rapidly that by the time you
diff --git a/related-projects.html b/related-projects.html
index edd896ad..c9928baf 100644
--- a/related-projects.html
+++ b/related-projects.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 	"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
 
 
-The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
+The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
 
 
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
  

 ChangeLogs

 

-The GNU Hurd

+GNU Hurd

  

 Documentation

 Installation

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 Installation

 Source Code

  

-MiG

+GNU MIG

  

 Source Code

  

@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ sites.
 
  • GNU/Hurd on Alpha
    • 
 
    
 The purpose of this project is to provide a working implementation of
-the GNU Hurd for the Alpha architecture.
+the GNU Hurd for the Alpha architecture.
 
    
 http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/hurd-alpha/
 
-
  • The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel
    • 
+
  • The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel
    • 
 
    
 The purpose of this project is to port the Hurd system to the L4 microkernel.
 
    
diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html
index f4320291..14ceea3b 100644
--- a/whatsnew.html
+++ b/whatsnew.html
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 	"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
 
 
-The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
+The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)
 
 
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
  
    
 ChangeLogs
    
 
    
-The GNU Hurd
    
+GNU Hurd
    
  
    
 Documentation
    
 Installation
    
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 Installation
    
 Source Code
    
  
    
-MiG
    
+GNU MIG
    
  
    
 Source Code
    
  
    
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
    @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ code to pthreads. The Toronto Hurd Users Group meets again: The University of WaterlooComputer Science Club will -be hosting talks on the GNU Hurd on October 26 by Marcus Brinkmann and +be hosting talks on the GNU Hurd on October 26 by Marcus Brinkmann and Neal Walfield. There will also be a GnuPG keysigning before Marcus's talk. Please email Ryan @@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ at thug@gnu.org
    03 October 2002
    -
    Marcus Brinkmann speaks about the GNU Hurd at "Reflections | +
    Marcus Brinkmann speaks about the GNU Hurd at "Reflections | Projections 2002", the National Student ACM Conference at the University of Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. The @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ This distribution is only for x86 PC machines. Volunteers interested in ports to other architectures are eagerly sought.

    More information about GNU -Mach 1.3 is available on the GNU Mach web page. +Mach 1.3 is available on the GNU Mach web page.

    @@ -223,14 +223,14 @@ programming!
    08 March 2002
    We are pleased to announce version 1.3 of the GNU distribution of the -Mach 3.0 interface generator `MiG'. It may be found in the file +Mach 3.0 interface generator `MIG'. It may be found in the file http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mig/mig-1.3.tar.gz (about 145 KB compressed).

    Diffs from version 1.2 are in http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mig/mig-1.2-1.3.diff.gz (about 6 KB compressed, 15 KB uncompressed). Relative to version 1.2, version 1.3 contains only some minor fixes.

    -You need this tool to compile the GNU Mach and Hurd distributions, and +You need this tool to compile the GNU Mach and Hurd distributions, and to compile GNU libc for the Hurd.

    Bug reports relating to this distribution should be sent to @@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ HREF="http://mail.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/hurd-devel-readers"> Hurd-devel-readers. It is the read-only version of Hurd-devel.

    Hurd-devel is a mailing list for detailed discussions -of design and implementation issues in the GNU Hurd; it is an internal +of design and implementation issues in the GNU Hurd; it is an internal low-volume list restricted to the core developers of the Hurd. While the web-based archive of Hurd-devel has always been public, the new mailing list -- cgit v1.2.3 From dbccdaa124565176c083c44aa5cab131657a5972 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Athanasios Kasampalis Date: Tue, 12 Dec 2006 17:40:58 +0000 Subject: Added the Greek link at the bottom of the page --- hurd.html | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 36aca9a9..187522ca 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ | Dutch | English | Esperanto +| Greek | Hebrew | Italian | Polish -- cgit v1.2.3 From 486afcc626bef42f6a084fb05462ce985996e391 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Athanasios Kasampalis Date: Tue, 12 Dec 2006 17:42:03 +0000 Subject: Added the Greek link at the top and bottom... :-) --- hurd.html | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 187522ca..22acf884 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -183,6 +183,7 @@ developers. | Dutch | English | Esperanto +| Greek | Hebrew | Italian | Polish -- cgit v1.2.3 From 6e3628dc79127b3ddf5c0058ff8532764abc5c56 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Sat, 20 Jan 2007 15:38:11 +0000 Subject: Unify linking to the GNU Hurd and GNU Mach documentation in the menu. --- auth.html | 4 ++-- changelogs.html | 4 ++-- devel.html | 4 ++-- docs.html | 4 ++-- download.html | 4 ++-- gnumach-download.html | 4 ++-- gnumach-install.html | 4 ++-- gnumach.html | 4 ++-- help.html | 4 ++-- history.html | 4 ++-- hurd-l4.html | 4 ++-- hurd-talk.html | 4 ++-- hurd.html | 4 ++-- install.html | 4 ++-- mig-download.html | 4 ++-- mig.html | 4 ++-- related-projects.html | 4 ++-- whatsnew.html | 4 ++-- whatsold.html | 4 ++-- 19 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/auth.html b/auth.html index 78b9f937..676442ee 100644 --- a/auth.html +++ b/auth.html @@ -21,10 +21,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -33,7 +34,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index 0038c742..5eb70e22 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index ab4e7e2e..fcd2bb19 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 8ca9e851..562e3ac6 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index ac3b4069..d2d718f5 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 81222bc9..97e23738 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -24,10 +24,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -36,7 +37,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 06d4f6ad..d42e6be1 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -24,10 +24,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -36,7 +37,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 2a983c76..4ba0e9f7 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -38,7 +39,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 7d80e122..273a67ab 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 5f559b17..bde11d8e 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -38,7 +39,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/hurd-l4.html b/hurd-l4.html index 62b164bd..475c1f46 100644 --- a/hurd-l4.html +++ b/hurd-l4.html @@ -24,10 +24,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -36,7 +37,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 497f1fb0..630bbc7d 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -23,10 +23,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -35,7 +36,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 22acf884..b0eb9f80 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -45,7 +46,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index ad3bf3b0..b1517dae 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/mig-download.html b/mig-download.html index 48720c38..afb6c1c5 100644 --- a/mig-download.html +++ b/mig-download.html @@ -24,10 +24,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -36,7 +37,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index 3f77d28d..49e19a37 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -26,10 +26,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -38,7 +39,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/related-projects.html b/related-projects.html index c9928baf..6fdc6826 100644 --- a/related-projects.html +++ b/related-projects.html @@ -25,10 +25,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -37,7 +38,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 9a490a24..4fe9fb0c 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -30,10 +30,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -42,7 +43,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/whatsold.html b/whatsold.html index fc0219a8..238cd4cd 100644 --- a/whatsold.html +++ b/whatsold.html @@ -23,10 +23,11 @@ What's New
     
    ChangeLogs
    + 
    +Documentation

    GNU Hurd
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    Source Code
    @@ -35,7 +36,6 @@  
    GNU Mach
     
    -Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
     
    -- cgit v1.2.3

    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 7278da2f..7857802b 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 14d0b3fb..6d076a5b 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ @@ -31,12 +31,12 @@

    Table of Contents

    -

    Mailing Lists

    +

    Mailing lists

    If you have questions about the installation, how the Hurd works and how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, you can send @@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ go to the Debian GNU/Hurd <debian-hurd@lists.debian.org> mailing list. -

    Internet Relay Chat

    +

    Internet relay chat

    The Open Projects Network -hosts a network of Internet Relay Chat servers accessed through +hosts a network of IRC servers accessed through irc.openprojects.net. The channel #hurd is dedicated to the Hurd. You can find other users and developers interested in the Hurd there and chat with them in real time. diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 9d2982fb..b8c94f35 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 4c640062..b4143e3c 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 5b70aa95..ef270eb2 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History @@ -31,12 +31,13 @@

    Table of Contents

    -

    Latest Version

    +

    Latest version

    The GNU Hurd is under active development. Because of that, there is no `stable' version. The latest released version is 0.2, and dates @@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ to provide such a binary distribution. currently under development and available in the sid/unstable branch of the Debian archive. -

    Installation Instructions

    +

    Installation instructions

    The GNU/Hurd installation guide written by Neal Walfield explains how @@ -67,6 +68,15 @@ Also available:

  • is the Texinfo source (25k characters). +

    CD ROM images +

    +The Debian GNU/Hurd binary distribution of the GNU/Hurd system can be +installed most conveniently from CD ROM. The complete Debian GNU/Hurd +snapshot fits on three CDs. Images of the current CD ROM set are +available within the directory ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/contrib/iso/ +of the GNU FTP server. +

    Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1c817dcb71616bec9682861f49e568773e5285a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sat, 6 Oct 2001 22:50:31 +0000 Subject: gnumach-doc: New directory. In that directory: Makefile, fdl.texi, gpl.texi, mach.html, mach.ps, mach.texi, mach_1.html, mach_10.html, mach_11.html, mach_12.html, mach_13.html, mach_14.html, mach_15.html, mach_16.html, mach_17.html, mach_2.html, mach_3.html, mach_4.html, mach_5.html, mach_6.html, mach_7.html, mach_8.html, mach_9.html, mach_abt.html, mach_fot.html, mach_ovr.html, mach_toc.html, version.texi: New files. Those contain the source and generated files of the GNU Mach reference manual. gnumach-docs.html, gnumach-download.html, gnumach-install.html, gnumach.html: New files, containing information about gnumach. devel.html, docs.html, download.html, faq-gen.pl, faq.en.html, faq.fr.html, faq.ja.html, help.html, history.html, hurd-talk.html, hurd.html install.html: Add menu entries for the above new files, and some other minor modifications. --- devel.html | 8 ++- docs.html | 8 ++- download.html | 8 ++- gnumach-download.html | 119 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ gnumach-install.html | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ gnumach.html | 156 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ help.html | 28 +++++---- history.html | 8 ++- hurd-talk.html | 8 ++- hurd.html | 8 ++- install.html | 8 ++- 11 files changed, 456 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) create mode 100644 gnumach-download.html create mode 100644 gnumach-install.html create mode 100644 gnumach.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 47dfae14..f7a8685d 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code

    • @@ -164,7 +166,9 @@ developers.
    [ - English + English| + Chinese(Simplified)| + Chinese(Traditional) ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From 51e16f53e9a61b754491f264677593491258d80c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Mon, 16 Dec 2002 08:59:12 +0000 Subject: *** empty log message *** --- hurd.html | 8 ++++---- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 77ed1938..90e17191 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ @@ -166,8 +166,8 @@ developers.
    [ - English| - Chinese(Simplified)| + English | + Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) ] -- cgit v1.2.3 From ad46100d73c69b1493cf7203dc91d0872d8942fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Thu, 13 Feb 2003 00:12:27 +0000 Subject: Add some chinese translations contributed by Chao-Hong Liu . --- hurd-and-linux.html | 6 ++++-- hurd.html | 14 ++++++++------ 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd-and-linux.html b/hurd-and-linux.html index b860c6df..0b9a29d9 100644 --- a/hurd-and-linux.html +++ b/hurd-and-linux.html @@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ [ - English + Chinese(Simplified) +| Chinese(Traditional) +| English ]

    @@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

    Updated: -Last modified: Tue Sep 11 05:31:11 CEST 2001 +Last modified: Thu Feb 13 01:12:02 CET 2003

    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 90e17191..44cf14e0 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -12,9 +12,11 @@     @@ -166,9 +168,9 @@ developers.
    [ - English | - Chinese(Simplified) | - Chinese(Traditional) + Chinese(Simplified) +| Chinese(Traditional) +| English ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From 104b4171c70fe1c9fc60ebe7aeef9ef75a2eb1bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Fri, 23 May 2003 09:54:31 +0000 Subject: Added links to the Hebrew translations. From the duke Of Spacingham . --- gnumach.html | 2 ++ hurd-paper.html | 12 ++++++++++++ hurd.html | 2 ++ mig.html | 2 ++ 4 files changed, 18 insertions(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 1034e4c3..2e1dc08e 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ [image of the Hurd logo] [ English +| Hebrew ] @@ -134,6 +135,7 @@ has cleaner machine specific support code. [ English +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/hurd-paper.html b/hurd-paper.html index e98e5edf..6f3bbc75 100644 --- a/hurd-paper.html +++ b/hurd-paper.html @@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ WIDTH="333" HEIGHT="80"> (jpeg 10k) (jpeg 20k) no gifs due to patent problems +
    +
    +[ English +| Hebrew + ]

    This article explains why FSF is developing a new operating system named the Hurd, which will be a foundation of the whole GNU system. @@ -765,6 +770,13 @@ avoiding copies for page-aligned data is irrelevant.

    +[ + English +| Hebrew +] + +
    + Return to GNU's home page.

    FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 44cf14e0..fbca3b59 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) | English +| Hebrew ] @@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ developers. Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) | English +| Hebrew ]

    diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index 4726921f..0a772663 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ [image of the Hurd logo] [ English +| Hebrew ] @@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ OSF Mach. [ English +| Hebrew ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1227cac8df0eeaa315a0dcd6fe2b1312afcbae8e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Mon, 26 May 2003 12:48:26 +0000 Subject: Added reminder note. --- changelogs.html | 4 ++++ devel.html | 4 ++++ docs.html | 4 ++++ download.html | 4 ++++ gnumach-download.html | 4 ++++ gnumach-install.html | 4 ++++ gnumach.html | 8 ++++++-- help.html | 4 ++++ history.html | 8 ++++---- hurd-paper.html | 12 +++++++++--- hurd-talk.html | 4 ++++ hurd.html | 2 ++ install.html | 4 ++++ mig-download.html | 4 ++++ mig.html | 8 ++++++-- related-projects.html | 4 ++++ whatsnew.html | 12 ++++++++---- whatsold.html | 4 ++++ 18 files changed, 83 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index 46bd340b..8cd894b9 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@     @@ -147,6 +149,8 @@ covers all changes to MiG.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 90f7de8c..642177ed 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -87,6 +89,8 @@ of the Hurd source repository.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 78c4ddc0..9e413017 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -155,6 +157,8 @@ Then, you should submit any modifications to
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index d3b2ee9a..bddb564b 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -93,6 +95,8 @@ to date.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 8838881d..96ee79ad 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -134,6 +136,8 @@ to date.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 7e70b74d..f15e214c 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -87,6 +89,8 @@ GNU/Hurd.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 2e1dc08e..33e67d8a 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ @@ -134,8 +136,10 @@ has cleaner machine specific support code.
    [ + +English -| Hebrew +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 50050170..a12c666a 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -96,6 +98,8 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 93f2d182..f5200322 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ [ - English | - Hebrew + English +| Hebrew ] @@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ works! [ - English | - Hebrew + English +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/hurd-paper.html b/hurd-paper.html index 6f3bbc75..4fe7c12f 100644 --- a/hurd-paper.html +++ b/hurd-paper.html @@ -13,9 +13,13 @@ no gifs due to patent problems

    -[ English +[ + + + English | Hebrew - ] +] +

    This article explains why FSF is developing a new operating system named the Hurd, which will be a foundation of the whole GNU system. @@ -771,8 +775,10 @@ avoiding copies for page-aligned data is irrelevant.

    [ + +English -| Hebrew +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 5ae2217e..756eee1c 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -1111,6 +1113,8 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index fbca3b59..ce834955 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -169,6 +169,8 @@ developers.
    [ + +Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) | English diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 9cfa5c23..3d5e6ae9 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -103,6 +105,8 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/mig-download.html b/mig-download.html index ba4c8316..0539a60a 100644 --- a/mig-download.html +++ b/mig-download.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -115,6 +117,8 @@ to date.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index 0a772663..1b6c908d 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ @@ -80,8 +82,10 @@ OSF Mach.
    [ + +English -| Hebrew +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/related-projects.html b/related-projects.html index ad0c9087..f7d01494 100644 --- a/related-projects.html +++ b/related-projects.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -109,6 +111,8 @@ topic, and everyone is invited to contribute to it.
    [ + +English ] diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 39292f82..0cea85c4 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ @@ -146,8 +148,10 @@ about the details of authentication in the Hurd.
    [ - English | - Hebrew + + + English +| Hebrew ]
    diff --git a/whatsold.html b/whatsold.html index 974aa49b..b9104830 100644 --- a/whatsold.html +++ b/whatsold.html @@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ @@ -235,6 +237,8 @@ German).
    [ + +English ] -- cgit v1.2.3 From fab3677261bc9574dbb29946448a3095835be9bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "D. E. Evans" Date: Thu, 31 Jul 2003 02:34:45 +0000 Subject: Break the language links. --- hurd.html | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index ce834955..fef2f122 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ @@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ developers. | Chinese(Traditional) | English | Hebrew +| Spanish ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From c8ff89b9c465e3ac0b5c6af2cc58ed97c9b17ab2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2005 10:54:25 +0000 Subject: Added links to Dutch translations. --- hurd.html | 2 ++ whatsnew.html | 10 ++++++---- 2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 833d0be4..7f239686 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) +| Dutch | English | Hebrew | Spanish @@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ developers. Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) +| Dutch | English | Hebrew | Spanish diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 82ee8c4d..e87fab44 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ [ - English + Dutch +| English | German | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Spanish ] @@ -135,10 +136,11 @@ talk are also available. [ - English + Dutch +| English | German | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Spanish ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2bcda856e5a68b0af8dfddbacec5ea81a3600f98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Fri, 29 Jul 2005 16:07:02 +0000 Subject: Added links to Italian translations. --- hurd.html | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 7f239686..d1576d96 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ | Dutch | English | Hebrew +| Italian | Spanish ] @@ -179,6 +180,7 @@ developers. | Dutch | English | Hebrew +| Italian | Spanish ] -- cgit v1.2.3 From 6707a57a15d02dd7e925c34ba5cb90b06d4523a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Mon, 22 Aug 2005 09:35:55 +0000 Subject: Added links to Esperanto translations. Patch by Ludovic Courtes . --- changelogs.html | 2 ++ devel.html | 2 ++ docs.html | 2 ++ download.html | 2 ++ help.html | 2 ++ history.html | 2 ++ hurd-l4.html | 2 ++ hurd.html | 2 ++ install.html | 2 ++ related-projects.html | 2 ++ whatsnew.html | 2 ++ 11 files changed, 22 insertions(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index 4fc19a3b..ea289314 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -153,6 +154,7 @@ covers all changes to MiG. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index c32a3e4c..3e54edbf 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -93,6 +94,7 @@ of the Hurd source repository. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 4914866c..03732f30 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -161,6 +162,7 @@ Then, you should submit any modifications to English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index e65b3a0e..de352662 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index eebe355a..8cdca956 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -102,6 +103,7 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 5b14a446..5b688d4b 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Hebrew | Spanish ] @@ -159,6 +160,7 @@ works! English +| Esperanto | Hebrew | Spanish ] diff --git a/hurd-l4.html b/hurd-l4.html index 2cb45478..ec67d8fa 100644 --- a/hurd-l4.html +++ b/hurd-l4.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto ] @@ -137,6 +138,7 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. English +| Esperanto ]
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index d1576d96..93a8fe22 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ | Chinese(Traditional) | Dutch | English +| Esperanto | Hebrew | Italian | Spanish @@ -179,6 +180,7 @@ developers. | Chinese(Traditional) | Dutch | English +| Esperanto | Hebrew | Italian | Spanish diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 4ddc624c..fee42941 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -87,6 +88,7 @@ FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/related-projects.html b/related-projects.html index 97769fc0..edd896ad 100644 --- a/related-projects.html +++ b/related-projects.html @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] @@ -109,6 +110,7 @@ topic, and everyone is invited to contribute to it. English +| Esperanto | Spanish ] diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 31331ce7..0705def5 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Dutch | English +| Esperanto | German | Hebrew | Spanish @@ -155,6 +156,7 @@ talk are also available. Dutch | English +| Esperanto | German | Hebrew | Spanish -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8efd66e0274a9d4f1ca64e0dd7555765ca7b6e2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Sun, 2 Oct 2005 11:27:11 +0000 Subject: Added Polish translation by Andrzej Zaborowski . --- gnumach.html | 6 ++++-- hurd.html | 6 ++++-- mig.html | 6 ++++-- whatsnew.html | 4 +++- 4 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 19fc6006..d00fc274 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ English | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ] @@ -141,7 +142,8 @@ has cleaner machine specific support code. English | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ]
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 93a8fe22..f6c870b4 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ | Esperanto | Hebrew | Italian -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ] @@ -183,7 +184,8 @@ developers. | Esperanto | Hebrew | Italian -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ]
    diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index f8ba416c..eea66e96 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ English | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ] @@ -87,7 +88,8 @@ OSF Mach. English | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ]
    diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 5a70dbdb..4cc2a65f 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ | Esperanto | German | Hebrew -| Spanish +| Polish +| Spanish ] @@ -178,6 +179,7 @@ talk are also available. | Esperanto | German | Hebrew +| Polish | Spanish ] -- cgit v1.2.3 From 576122f6309c49745d16be06e7ce2218a769e96c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 4 Dec 2006 19:42:27 +0000 Subject: This was a `sed'-based change, where I didn't review every single detail and thus hope that I didn't break anything. Replace `MiG' with `MIG'. Replace `MIG' with `GNU MIG' and `The GNU Hurd' with `GNU Hurd' when linking to the pages. Make the space between `GNU' and `Hurd' or `Mach' or `MIG' non-breakable. --- acknowledgements.html | 8 ++++---- auth.html | 6 +++--- changelogs.html | 16 ++++++++-------- devel.html | 6 +++--- docs.html | 16 ++++++++-------- download.html | 8 ++++---- gnumach-download.html | 20 ++++++++++---------- gnumach-install.html | 18 +++++++++--------- gnumach.html | 36 ++++++++++++++++++------------------ help.html | 10 +++++----- history.html | 10 +++++----- hurd-announcements.html | 4 ++-- hurd-folks.html | 6 +++--- hurd-l4.html | 12 ++++++------ hurd-paper.html | 2 +- hurd-talk.html | 22 +++++++++++----------- hurd.html | 10 +++++----- install.html | 8 ++++---- mig-download.html | 20 ++++++++++---------- mig.html | 16 ++++++++-------- old_hurd_faq.html | 10 +++++----- related-projects.html | 10 +++++----- whatsnew.html | 28 ++++++++++++++-------------- whatsold.html | 18 +++++++++--------- 24 files changed, 160 insertions(+), 160 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/acknowledgements.html b/acknowledgements.html index fb39187d..5e04a01d 100644 --- a/acknowledgements.html +++ b/acknowledgements.html @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ - GNU Hurd: Acknowledgements + GNU Hurd: Acknowledgements @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/hurd-and-linux.html b/hurd-and-linux.html index 2a61fc6f..b860c6df 100644 --- a/hurd-and-linux.html +++ b/hurd-and-linux.html @@ -1,23 +1,20 @@ - - - The Hurd and Linux - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) - - - + +The Hurd and Linux - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + +

    The Hurd and Linux

    [ -English -| French + English ] -

    by Richard Stallman. @@ -80,7 +77,7 @@ Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

    Updated: -7 April 2000 neel +Last modified: Tue Sep 11 05:31:11 CEST 2001

    diff --git a/hurd-announcements.html b/hurd-announcements.html index b7b2358c..3d89230f 100644 --- a/hurd-announcements.html +++ b/hurd-announcements.html @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@

    Current and Past Announcements

    These are all the announcements made over the years. Most of them were -either to gnu.announce or Hurd interest +either sent to gnu.announce or Hurd interest mailing lists.
    diff --git a/hurd-folks.html b/hurd-folks.html index ccefd81c..93637440 100644 --- a/hurd-folks.html +++ b/hurd-folks.html @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites. Hurd pages.
  • UCHIYAMA Yasushi has ported - XFree86 to the Hurd. + XFree86 to the Hurd. @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.

    Updated: - 5 Sep 1998 gord +Last modified: Tue Sep 11 08:01:49 CEST 2001

    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 559a8456..feca0835 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index dfa9bf25..41a303d0 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History @@ -31,13 +31,13 @@

    Table of Contents

    -

    Architectural Overviews

    +

    Architectural overviews

    • @@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ Thomas Bushnell, BSG. Brinkmann.
    -

    Frequently Asked Questions

    +

    Frequently asked questions

    Please check out the Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Hurd (33k characters) and their answers, which cover most issues a new user will be confronted with. -

    Reference Manuals

    +

    Reference manuals

    The GNU Hurd Reference Manual documents the architecture, the usage and the programming of the GNU Hurd. At the moment, the manual is diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 85452d22..f259a32f 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History @@ -31,13 +31,15 @@

    Table of Contents

    -

    CVS Repository

    +

    CVS repository

    -The only way to get the current Hurd sources is using CVS. You can check out the CVS repository through anonymous (pserver) CVS with the following instruction set. When prompted for a password for anoncvs, @@ -50,6 +52,23 @@ Source tree: cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co hurd

    Updates from within the module's directory do not need the -d parameter. + +

    Archived snapshots

    +

    +The whole source code of the Hurd is also available as a single +compressed TAR file via FTP. The file ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/cvs/hurd.tgz +[2.7M] contains a snapshot of the Hurd source repository +which is remade daily. + +

    Browsing the code

    +

    +You can also browse the CVS +repository of the Hurd with your web browser. The web pages are +generated dynamically at the time you request them and are always up +to date. +

    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index dd7947f8..7c877803 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ The Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of the Hurd system from the Hurd itself). You can run several Hurd systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another Hurd with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, -and advanced server applications like Apache. +and advanced server applications like the Apache webserver.

    On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound cards) and other hardware is mostly missing. Although the POSIX diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 77d283e5..ccec4252 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
    - [image of the Hurd logo] + [image of the Hurd logo] [ English ] -- cgit v1.2.3 From 712db7c5fd485ca28a645efb1d8ef80b0714538d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 19:16:51 +0000 Subject: Replace
    with
    and remove one dangling . weblint clean (only warnings about missing image size). --- devel.html | 2 +- docs.html | 2 +- download.html | 2 +- help.html | 2 +- history.html | 2 +- hurd-talk.html | 4 +--- hurd.html | 3 +-- install.html | 2 +- 8 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 18f7278d..bee788a9 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 1e13a8d4..1af5ccf7 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index de7737ac..9e0286bb 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 7857802b..e0478b9a 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 6d076a5b..27523a39 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index feca0835..b8fbc5d3 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -602,7 +602,6 @@ Effective ids are used to check if the user has the permission. Available ids can be turned into effective ids on user request.

    -

    The Hurd auth server is used to establish the identity of a user for a server. Such an identity (which is just a port to the auth server) consists of a set of effective user ids, a set of effective group ids, @@ -810,7 +809,6 @@ Wanted: A similar abstraction for streams (based on channels), which can be used network and character device servers.

    -

    libstore provides a store abstraction, which is used by all store based filesystems. The store is determined by a type and a name, but some store types modify another store rather than providing a new diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 7c877803..08b4c7ba 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@

    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ Download
    Development
    History -
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index ccec4252..4ee9db4c 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
    -The GNU Hurd
    +The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From fd0ffa25384e67c4c2f1191dfd1068b43670a816 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 23:45:22 +0000 Subject: s/H4/H3/g --- devel.html | 6 +++--- docs.html | 8 ++++---- download.html | 4 ++-- help.html | 6 +++--- history.html | 6 +++--- hurd.html | 10 +++++----- install.html | 6 +++--- 7 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index bee788a9..8ed6d944 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -29,14 +29,14 @@
    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    Contributing

    +

    Contributing

    If you want to contribute to the Hurd, you should first install and use it for a while, to become familiar with its features and design. @@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ mailing list, which is also the place where you can announce your intentions, make your proposals and send in your patches.

    -

    Tasks

    +

    Tasks

    Developing an operating system is a huge job, with a lot of different things to do. Beside all the obvious ones (writing documentation, diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 96f536eb..b3ef90c8 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    Architectural Overviews

    +

    Architectural Overviews

    • @@ -48,14 +48,14 @@ Thomas Bushnell, BSG. Brinkmann.
    -

    Frequently Asked Questions

    +

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Please check out the Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Hurd (33k characters) and their answers, which cover most issues a new user will be confronted with. -

    Reference Manuals

    +

    Reference Manuals

    The GNU Hurd Reference Manual documents the architecture, the usage and the programming of the GNU Hurd. At the moment, the manual is diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 9e0286bb..85452d22 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -29,13 +29,13 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    CVS Repository

    +

    CVS Repository

    The only way to get the current Hurd sources is using CVS. You can check out the CVS diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index e0478b9a..157f139e 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -29,14 +29,14 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    Mailing Lists

    +

    Mailing Lists

    If you have questions about the installation, how the Hurd works and how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, you can send @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ go to the Debian GNU/Hurd <debian-hurd@lists.debian.org> mailing list. -

    Internet Relay Chat

    +

    Internet Relay Chat

    The Open Projects Network hosts a network of Internet Relay Chat servers accessed through diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 27523a39..9d2982fb 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -29,14 +29,14 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    How it started

    +

    How it started

    Richard Stallman (RMS) started GNU in 1983, as a project to create a complete free operating system. In the text of the GNU Manifesto, he @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ HREF="hurd-and-linux.html">The Hurd and Linux, where he mentions that the FSF started developing the Hurd in 1990. As of [Gnusletter, Nov. 1991], the Hurd (running on Mach) is GNU's official kernel. -

    Announcements

    +

    Announcements

    Release 0.2 announcement (complete GNU system)
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 08b4c7ba..567e74a7 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    • Introduction to the Hurd
    • Advantages of the Hurd @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@

      -

      Introduction to the Hurd

      +

      Introduction to the Hurd

      The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel @@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ Currently, the Hurd runs on IA32 machines. The Hurd should, and probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in the future. -

      Advantages of the Hurd

      +

      Advantages of the Hurd

      The Hurd is not the most advanced kernel known to the planet (yet), but it does have a number of enticing features:
      @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ start using and developing it.
      -

      What the Hurd means

      +

      What the Hurd means

      According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd:
      `Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' @@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually recursive acronyms.
      -

      Status of the project

      +

      Status of the project

      The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library and the other GNU programs, provides a rather complete and usable diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 4ee9db4c..cac1630e 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -29,14 +29,14 @@

    -

    Table of Contents

    +

    Table of Contents

    -

    Latest Version

    +

    Latest Version

    The GNU Hurd is under active development. Because of that, there is no `stable' version. The latest released version is 0.2, and dates @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ to provide such a binary distribution. currently under development and available in the sid/unstable branch of the Debian archive. -

    Installation Instructions

    +

    Installation Instructions

    The Hurd installation guide written by Neal Walfield explains how -- cgit v1.2.3 From 0aece1a25c44d0f618d57450d9041a3e6a7912e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2001 17:44:40 +0000 Subject: Fix up nomeclature: "the Hurd" vs "GNU/Hurd" etc --- help.html | 4 ++-- hurd.html | 6 +++--- install.html | 6 +++--- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 157f139e..8e47a9c8 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ mailing list. The Open Projects Network hosts a network of Internet Relay Chat servers accessed through irc.openprojects.net. The channel #hurd is -dedicated to the Hurd. You can find other interested Hurd users and -developers there and chat with them in real time. +dedicated to the Hurd. You can find other users and developers +interested in the Hurd there and chat with them in real time.

    Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 567e74a7..4c640062 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there are still many bugs and missing features. However, it should be a good base for further development and non-critical application usage.

    -The Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of -the Hurd system from the Hurd itself). You can run several Hurd -systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another Hurd +GNU/Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of +the Hurd system from GNU/Hurd itself). You can run several GNU/Hurd +systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another GNU/Hurd with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, and advanced server applications like the Apache webserver.

    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index cac1630e..5b70aa95 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -42,11 +42,11 @@ The GNU Hurd is under active development. Because of that, there is no `stable' version. The latest released version is 0.2, and dates back to 1997. This version should not be used anymore.

    -Although it is possible to bootstrap the Hurd system from the sources +Although it is possible to bootstrap the GNU/Hurd system from the sources by cross-compiling and installing the system software and the basic applications, this is a difficult process. It is not recommended that you do this. Instead, you should get a binary distribution of the -Hurd, which comes with all the GNU software precompiled and an +GNU/Hurd, which comes with all the GNU software precompiled and an installation routine which is easy to use.

    The Debian project has commited @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ of the Debian archive.

    Installation Instructions

    -The Hurd installation guide written by Neal Walfield explains how +The GNU/Hurd installation guide written by Neal Walfield explains how to install the Debian GNU/Hurd binary distribution of the Hurd. Also available:

      -- cgit v1.2.3 From af56908c7d8b4cd8ae3e1e765072cb37d45dd47a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sat, 6 Oct 2001 02:13:01 +0000 Subject: All files: Consistently lowercase words in the TOC except the first one. (I tried uppercasing the Important Words, but that looked awkward here and there). Rename ``Download'' item to ``Source Code'' in contrast to ``Install''. install.html: Add content about the CD ROM images on the GNU FTP server. download.html: Add content about CVS snapshot tar files and CVS browsing. --- devel.html | 2 +- docs.html | 14 +++++++------- download.html | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++---- help.html | 12 ++++++------ history.html | 2 +- hurd.html | 2 +- install.html | 20 +++++++++++++++----- 7 files changed, 54 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 8ed6d944..47dfae14 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
      Installation
      Getting Help
      -Download
      +Source Code
      Development
      History
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 8e47a9c8..cb892fc0 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Getting Help
    -Download
    +Source Code
    Development
    History
    • diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 41a303d0..62b87eae 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index f259a32f..4273436c 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0988605a --- /dev/null +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    +    		 +
    +

    Table of Contents

    + +
    + +

    CVS repository

    +

    +The GNU Mach source code is managed in the version control system CVS. You can check out the CVS +repository through anonymous (pserver) CVS with the following +instruction set. When prompted for a password for anoncvs, +simply press the Enter key. + +

    +Source tree: +cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd login
    + 
    +cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co gnumach + +

    Updates from within the module's directory do not need the -d parameter. + +

    Archived snapshots

    +

    +The whole source code of GNU Mach is also available as a single +compressed TAR file via FTP. The file ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/cvs/gnumach.tgz +[3.7M] contains a snapshot of the GNU Mach source repository +which is remade daily. + +

    Browsing the code

    +

    +You can also browse the CVS +repository of GNU Mach with your web browser. The web pages are +generated dynamically at the time you request them and are always up +to date. + +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d3784378 --- /dev/null +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    +    		 +
    +

    Table of Contents

    + +
    + +

    Latest version

    +

    +The last stable version of GNU Mach is 1.2, but it is recommended that +you use the version in CVS instead, as this fixes some bugs that +prevent the kernel to work on some systems. + +

    Installation instructions

    +

    +GNU Mach can be compiled or cross-compiled easily. The only package +you are not likely to have installed already is MiG, the Mach +interface generator. If you cross-compile gnumach, you need a +cross-MiG for your architecture. You also need the static version of +the C library for your host architecture, as some functions are taken +directly from it. We recommend that you use the GNU C library, other C libraries have not +been tested and might not work. After you have followed the +installation instructions in the package and the reference manual, you +should end up with a kernel binary where your boot loader can find it. + +

    Booting GNU Mach

    +

    +To actually use the kernel and boot the GNU operating system, you need +a boot loader. Not all boot loaders are capable to boot the GNU +system, you need one that supports the multiboot standard. The +bootloader of the GNU system is GNU +GRUB, which supports a broad range of operating systems including +GNU/Hurd. +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..bacff9b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    +    		 +
    +

    +

    Table of Contents

    + +

    +

    + +

    Introduction to GNU Mach

    +

    +GNU Mach is the microkernel of the GNU system. A microkernel provides +only a limited functionality, just enough abstraction on top of the +hardware to run the rest of the operating system in user space. The +GNU Hurd servers implement the POSIX compatible base of the GNU system +on top of the microkernel architecture provided by Mach. +

    +Currently, GNU Mach runs on IA32 machines. GNU Mach should, and +probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other +microkernels in the future. Mach was ported to many operating systems +in the past. +

    +GNU Mach is maintained by the Hurd developers for the GNU project. If +you need help with GNU Mach or want to contribute to the development +of the microkernel, you should contact the Hurd people. + +

    Advantages of GNU Mach

    +GNU Mach is not the most advanced microkernel known to the planet, nor +is it the fastest or smallest, but it has a rich set of interfaces and +some features which make it useful as the base of the Hurd system. +
    +
    it's free software
    +
    +Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the +GNU General Public License (GPL).
    + +
    it's built to survive
    +
    +As a microkernel, GNU Mach doesn't implement a lot of the features +commonly found in an operating system, but only the bare minimum that +is required to implement a full operating system on top of it. This +means that a lot of the operating system code is maintained outside of +GNU Mach, and while this code may go through a complete redesign, the +code of the microkernel can remain comparatively stable. +
    +
    it's scalable
    +
    +Mach is particularly well suited for SMP and network cluster +techniques. Thread support is provided at the kernel level, and the +kernel itself takes advantage of that. Network transparency at the +IPC level makes resources of the system available across machine +boundaries (with NORMA IPC, currently not available in GNU Mach). +
    +
    it exists
    +
    +The Mach microkernel is real software that works Right Now. It is not +a research or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you +can start using and developing it. Mach has been used in many +operating systems in the past, usually as the base for a single UNIX +server. In the GNU system, Mach is the base of a functional +multi-server operating system, the Hurd. +
    +
    + +

    Status of the project

    +

    +GNU Mach is used as the default microkernel in the GNU/Hurd system. +It is compatible with other popular Mach distributions. The device +drivers for block devices and network cards are taken from Linux 2.0.x +kernel versions, and so a broad range of common hardware is supported. +

    +However, the Linux device drivers have been improved greatly since the +2.0.x version, and a new version of Mach based on the OSKit library is +being worked on, which uses newer drivers and in general has cleaner +machine specific support code. +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index cb892fc0..bfa7a96b 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    @@ -39,16 +45,18 @@

    Mailing lists

    If you have questions about the installation, how the Hurd works and -how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, you can send -an e-mail to the -Help-Hurd -<help-hurd@gnu.org> -mailing list. +how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, GNU Mach or +the other packages maintained by the Hurd people, you can send an +e-mail to the Help-Hurd <help-hurd@gnu.org> mailing +list.

    -Bug reports for the GNU Hurd should be sent to the -Bug-Hurd -<bug-hurd@gnu.org> -mailing list. +Bug reports for the GNU Hurd, GNU Mach and the other packages +maintained by the Hurd people should be sent to the Bug-Hurd <bug-hurd@gnu.org> mailing +list.

    All e-mails concerning the Debian GNU/Hurd binary distribution should go to the Debian GNU/Hurd diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index b8c94f35..9b604696 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index b8fbc5d3..eff7fc03 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Download
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index b4143e3c..c9217e77 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index b75532da..0b45845c 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -25,7 +25,13 @@ Getting Help
    Source Code
    Development
    -History +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From ffea81314aa6017d3d371170f2c07d7903bfde17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 18:38:39 +0000 Subject: Apply patch by ams@kemisten.nu (Alfred M. Szmidt) to add a news page to the Hurd web site. --- devel.html | 2 ++ docs.html | 2 ++ download.html | 2 ++ gnumach-download.html | 2 ++ gnumach-install.html | 2 ++ gnumach.html | 2 ++ help.html | 2 ++ history.html | 2 ++ hurd.html | 2 ++ install.html | 2 ++ whatsnew.html | 93 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 11 files changed, 113 insertions(+) create mode 100644 whatsnew.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index f7a8685d..350b1d00 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 2da0da67..5b2d6fcc 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 4273436c..4460f0ac 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 0988605a..cb05c801 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 91182b75..0647f1b5 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 2831aee7..3a6fcf4f 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index bfa7a96b..05dd5632 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 9b604696..7d774c08 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index c9217e77..f13770c1 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 0b45845c..88d156be 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -18,6 +18,8 @@

    +What's New
    +

    The GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4f1a1b96 --- /dev/null +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +What's New
    +

    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    +

    		 +
    +

    What's new

    +

    +

    +
    11 January 2002
    +
    Added a section called `What's new'.

    +

    +
    +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. +The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel +to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and +other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar +kernels (such as Linux). +
    + +

    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + -- cgit v1.2.3 From fa0478daabdfe7906a5f5511c29ee8244e89191e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2002 19:00:08 +0000 Subject: Add 2002 to copyright line. Reported by Alfred M. Szmidt. --- devel.html | 2 +- docs.html | 2 +- download.html | 2 +- gnumach-download.html | 2 +- gnumach-install.html | 2 +- help.html | 2 +- history.html | 2 +- hurd.html | 2 +- install.html | 2 +- whatsnew.html | 2 +- 10 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 350b1d00..ed62487e 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 5b2d6fcc..000810d2 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 4460f0ac..7e288835 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index cb05c801..990aa5bd 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 0647f1b5..5dc6f474 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 05dd5632..540012f0 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 7d774c08..671950cf 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index f13770c1..099f7e7c 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 88d156be..026b1318 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 4f1a1b96..7ad0b8d5 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Please send comments on these web pages to send other questions to gnu@gnu.org.

    -Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA

    Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is -- cgit v1.2.3 From 6acd3a4e1b4c2ab9fe16558da01a3423f1ca140c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2002 18:07:54 +0000 Subject: Add link to German FAQ to the FAQs. Fix link in whatsnew.html to itself. Add new menu item ChangeLogs. Add new page changelogs.html. --- devel.html | 2 ++ docs.html | 2 ++ download.html | 2 ++ gnumach-download.html | 2 ++ gnumach-install.html | 2 ++ gnumach.html | 2 ++ help.html | 2 ++ history.html | 2 ++ hurd.html | 2 ++ install.html | 2 ++ whatsnew.html | 4 +++- 11 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index ed62487e..0d8572b1 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 000810d2..7e3ace2b 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 7e288835..8461f94b 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 990aa5bd..86b209ef 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 5dc6f474..00bd2e03 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 3a6fcf4f..d92d1848 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 540012f0..5946a3af 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 671950cf..5a77c651 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 099f7e7c..be765104 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index ae11f501..9589da33 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index dfd5a479..05e1b877 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -19,6 +19,8 @@

    What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs

    The GNU Hurd
     
    @@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ kernels (such as Linux).

    [ - English + English ]
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From 7e4ebdd6a80419d9b0d4236ca405520395fa320c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sun, 26 May 2002 23:34:40 +0000 Subject: Add new files mig.html and mig-download.html for MiG. Add menu entries for these files to all other files. --- changelogs.html | 4 ++ devel.html | 4 ++ docs.html | 4 ++ download.html | 4 ++ gnumach-download.html | 4 ++ gnumach-install.html | 4 ++ gnumach.html | 4 ++ help.html | 4 ++ history.html | 4 ++ hurd-talk.html | 4 ++ hurd.html | 4 ++ install.html | 4 ++ mig-download.html | 150 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ mig.html | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ whatsnew.html | 4 ++ whatsold.html | 4 ++ 16 files changed, 320 insertions(+) create mode 100644 mig-download.html create mode 100644 mig.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index 92f11750..dc992a8b 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index b92afa5d..b8c8309b 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 3965dfd9..9c7806ca 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index b11cbb45..60d20a26 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 86b209ef..1564a317 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 00bd2e03..69bf9c6e 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index d9dd0226..78826e41 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 3f708f9f..99d970d1 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 5a77c651..e883b962 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 0460d60c..3ddff071 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index be765104..db7d8c22 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index 7afdc0c3..c652f251 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/mig-download.html b/mig-download.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..06162922 --- /dev/null +++ b/mig-download.html @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs
    +

    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    +

    		 +
    +

    Table of Contents

    + +
    + +

    Latest Release

    +

    +The latest release of MiG is version 1.3, 2002-03-08. It features: +

      +
    • Minor bug fixes.
      • +
    • The new keyword retcode is accepted as a parameter +modifier. This does not do anything, but is accepted for +compatibility with the MiG input syntax used with OSF Mach.
      • +
    • The debian/ subdirectory of packaging files is now +included in the MiG source distribution.
      • +
    +

    +You can download the latest version of MiG from the GNU ftp server: +

    + +

    CVS repository

    +

    +The MiG source code is managed in the version control system CVS. You can check out the CVS +repository through anonymous (pserver) CVS with the following +instruction set. When prompted for a password for anoncvs, +simply press the Enter key. + +

    +Source tree: +cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd login
    + 
    +cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co mig + +

    Updates from within the module's directory do not need the -d parameter. + +

    Archived snapshots

    +

    +The whole source code of MiG is also available as a single compressed +TAR file via FTP. The file ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/cvs/mig.tgz +[145K] contains a snapshot of the MiG source repository +which is remade daily. + +

    Browsing the code

    +

    +You can also browse the CVS +repository of MiG with your web browser. The web pages are +generated dynamically at the time you request them and are always up +to date. + +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4d96b92c --- /dev/null +++ b/mig.html @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs
    +

    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    +

    		 +
    +

    +

    Table of Contents

    + +

    +

    + +

    Introduction to GNU MiG

    +

    +MiG is the Mach 3.0 interface generator, as maintained by the GNU Hurd +developers for the GNU project. +

    +The interface generator produces stub code from interface definition +(.defs) files. The stub code makes it easy to implement +and use Mach interfaces as remote procedure calls (RPC). +

    +You need this tool to compile the GNU Mach and Hurd distributions, and +to compile the GNU C library for the Hurd. Also, you will need it for +other software in the GNU systems that uses Mach-based inter-process +communication. + +

    Status of the project

    +

    +MiG 1.3 was released in March 2002, and features compatibility with +OSF Mach. +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 9ac04c82..2910135f 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    diff --git a/whatsold.html b/whatsold.html index 994c6a4f..d132885b 100644 --- a/whatsold.html +++ b/whatsold.html @@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ Documentation
    Installation
    Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    -- cgit v1.2.3 From aac3d5bbbc1291ff156abde0c6acb62ed85e175c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2002 15:03:07 +0000 Subject: A new page, Related Projects, has been added to the site and to the menu. Thanks to Alfred M. Szmidt for doing the hard work. I just had to fill in the actual content in related-projects.html. --- changelogs.html | 2 + devel.html | 2 + docs.html | 2 + download.html | 2 + gnumach-download.html | 2 + gnumach-install.html | 2 + gnumach.html | 2 + help.html | 2 + history.html | 2 + hurd-talk.html | 2 + hurd.html | 2 + install.html | 2 + mig-download.html | 2 + mig.html | 2 + related-projects.html | 138 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ whatsnew.html | 8 +++ 16 files changed, 174 insertions(+) create mode 100644 related-projects.html (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index dc992a8b..46bd340b 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index b8c8309b..90f7de8c 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 9c7806ca..4d44e984 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index 60d20a26..d3b2ee9a 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index aaaa9ec6..e6c7f48c 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index 69bf9c6e..7e70b74d 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index 749c9ba8..1034e4c3 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 99d970d1..3492d7f9 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index e883b962..14c3f31e 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 3ddff071..4bcea984 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index db7d8c22..8f8d246e 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index c652f251..afb6db60 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/mig-download.html b/mig-download.html index 41d87cce..d6c60837 100644 --- a/mig-download.html +++ b/mig-download.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index 4d96b92c..4726921f 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    diff --git a/related-projects.html b/related-projects.html new file mode 100644 index 00000000..25d2ad11 --- /dev/null +++ b/related-projects.html @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) + + + + + + + + + + + + +
    + [image of the Hurd logo] +[ + English +] +
    +What's New
    + 
    +ChangeLogs
    +

    +The GNU Hurd
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Getting Help
    +Source Code
    +Development
    +History
    + 
    +GNU Mach
    + 
    +Documentation
    +Installation
    +Source Code
    + 
    +MiG
    + 
    +Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects +

    		 +
    +

    +

    Related Projects

    +

    +The Hurd is not alone, it is inspired by other projects, and other +projects have been influenced or spawned by the Hurd. +

    +Below you can find some of the projects which are closely related to +the Hurd, be it because they develop software that might be part of +the Hurd system some day, be it because they support or use the Hurd +in their own development. +

    +This list is nowhere near to be complete. We recommend to follow the +mailing lists to be informed about recent developments. +

    +Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the +FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web +sites. + +

    Software

    +
  • GNU/Hurd on L4
    • +

    +The goal of this project is a working implementation of the GNU/Hurd +on the L4 microkernel. +

    +The L4 microkernel is a modern microkernel, which takes the +microkernel concept further than the first-generation microkernel Mach +did. Basing the Hurd on L4 will bring more performance, better +scalability, user space memory mangement, user space drivers. and +other exciting features to the GNU/Hurd system. +
    +http://www.freesoftware.fsf.org/l4hurd/ + +

    Community

    + +
  • GNU/Hurd Wiki
    • +

    +A free speech collaboration about anything GNU and the Hurd. +

    +A Wiki is a platform where users and developers can create, modify and +share web content dynamically, pretty much like a public bulletin +board. The Wiki spelling makes it easy to create links between +entries in the Wiki, creating a highly inter-connected structure +within the content. +

    +The GNU/Hurd Wiki has everything related to GNU and the Hurd as its +topic, and everyone is invited to contribute to it. +
    +http://www.vmlinux.org/twiki/bin/view/Hurd/WebHome + +

    + +
    + +[ + English +] + +
    + +

    +Return to GNU's home page. +

    + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +gnu@gnu.org. +There are also other ways to +contact the FSF. +

    + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +web-hurd@gnu.org, +send other questions to +gnu@gnu.org. +

    +Copyright (C) 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +

    +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved. +

    +Updated: + +$Date$ $Author$ + +

    + + diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index c70a3264..30845278 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ MiG
     
    Source Code
    + 
    +Related Projects
    @@ -55,6 +57,12 @@ kernels (such as Linux).

    +
    31 July 2002
    +
    A new page has been added to the site, listing related projects. You can find it at +the bottom of the menu. +

    +
    22 June 2002
    Various developers of the Hurd and people interested in it will meet at the Libre Software Meeting in -- cgit v1.2.3 From 339f6bb7a9341640ce749e82c557eb068ea5caf3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Richard M. Stallman" Date: Sat, 19 Oct 2002 00:57:42 +0000 Subject: Clarify use of GNU, Hurd, and GNU/Hurd. --- hurd.html | 18 ++++++++++-------- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index 8f8d246e..f0a3eb15 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -135,15 +135,17 @@ recursive acronyms.

    Status of the project

    The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library -and the other GNU programs, provides a rather complete and usable -operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there -are still many bugs and missing features. However, it should be a -good base for further development and non-critical application usage. +and the other GNU and non-GNU programs in the GNU system, provide a +rather complete and usable operating system today. It is not ready +for production use, as there are still many bugs and missing features. +However, it should be a good base for further development and +non-critical application usage.

    -GNU/Hurd is completely self-contained (you can compile all parts of -the Hurd system from GNU/Hurd itself). You can run several GNU/Hurd -systems in parallel, and debug even critical servers in another GNU/Hurd -with gdb. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, +The GNU system (also called GNU/Hurd) is completely self-contained +(you can compile all parts of it using GNU itself). You can run +several instances of the Hurd in parallel, and debug even critical +servers in one Hurd instance with gdb running on another Hurd +instance. You can run the X window system, applications that use it, and advanced server applications like the Apache webserver.

    On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound -- cgit v1.2.3 From e1ca552e3a059458da75b2d549e37f8c3cbaff94 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Mon, 18 Nov 2002 11:40:30 +0000 Subject: Add information about pthreads. --- hurd.html | 4 ++-- whatsnew.html | 14 +++++++++++++- 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index f0a3eb15..ed51085c 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -150,8 +150,8 @@ and advanced server applications like the Apache webserver.

    On the negative side, the support for character devices (like sound cards) and other hardware is mostly missing. Although the POSIX -interface is provided, some additional interfaces like POSIX threads, -shared memories or semaphores are still under development. +interface is provided, some additional interfaces like POSIX shared +memory or semaphores are still under development.

    All this applies to the current development version, and not to the last release (0.2). We encourage everybody who is interested to try diff --git a/whatsnew.html b/whatsnew.html index 60364684..29caa133 100644 --- a/whatsnew.html +++ b/whatsnew.html @@ -57,6 +57,18 @@ kernels (such as Linux).

    +
    18 November 2002
    +
    +For one month now, the pthread implementation by Neal Walfield is part +of the Hurd CVS source tree, and has been used to compile more +software for the Debian GNU/Hurd archive. The lack of a POSIX +compatible thread library (the Hurd was based on the cthread +implementation that originally accompanied Mach) was a show stopper, +and we are happy about the possibility to not only compile more +applications, but also to start the work on migrating the Hurd source +code to pthreads. +

    +

    19 October 2002
    The Toronto Hurd Users Group meets again: The More information can be found at UW CS Club website and at thug@gnu.org -
    +

    03 October 2002
    Marcus Brinkmann speaks about the GNU Hurd at "Reflections | -- cgit v1.2.3 From a38b390242da223dadcfd969871b406626d8c4af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Mon, 16 Dec 2002 08:52:48 +0000 Subject: Chinese (simplifed) and Chinese (traditional) translations added. From the Chinese translation team. --- hurd.html | 6 +++++- 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index ed51085c..77ed1938 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ [image of the Hurd logo] [ English + Chinese(Simplified)| + Chinese(Traditional) ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ - English - Chinese(Simplified)| + English | + Chinese(Simplified) | Chinese(Traditional) ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ - English | - Chinese(Simplified) | - Chinese(Traditional) + + + Chinese(Simplified) +| Chinese(Traditional) +| English ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English -| Hebrew +| Hebrew ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English -| Hebrew +| Hebrew ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ] [image of the Hurd logo] [ - English | - Hebrew + + + English +| Hebrew ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] [ + + English ]
    [image of the Hurd logo] +
    [ -- cgit v1.2.3 From 3fdf011b3d5818cbd5ed835b9f1a908f9a19a50c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Miguel Abad Date: Mon, 24 May 2004 13:36:44 +0000 Subject: Added Spanish translation --- hurd.html | 2 ++ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+) (limited to 'hurd.html') diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index fef2f122..833d0be4 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ | Chinese(Traditional) | English | Hebrew +| Spanish ]
    diff --git a/changelogs.html b/changelogs.html index 12e0f759..0038c742 100644 --- a/changelogs.html +++ b/changelogs.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -131,20 +131,20 @@ subdirectories: libthreads, libtrivfs -

    GNU Mach

    +

    GNU Mach

    The GNU -Mach ChangeLog covers all changes to GNU Mach and covers all changes to GNU Mach and GNU Mach 1 branch ChangeLog those on the gnumach-1-branch. Changes before March 1997 are listed in ChangeLog.0 and ChangeLog.00. -

    MiG

    +

    MIG

    The MiG ChangeLog -covers all changes to MiG. +HREF="http://cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/~checkout~/hurd/mig/ChangeLog">MIG ChangeLog +covers all changes to MIG. diff --git a/devel.html b/devel.html index 87426bb9..868277a0 100644 --- a/devel.html +++ b/devel.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    diff --git a/docs.html b/docs.html index 03732f30..b65e6407 100644 --- a/docs.html +++ b/docs.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ architectural overview by Thomas Bushnell, BSG. The Hurd, a presentation by Marcus Brinkmann.

  • - The + GNU/Hurd User's Guide, an introduction to the important concepts and software of the GNU system, written for new users, AKA "GNUbies." @@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ for download.
  • The Hurd Hacking -Guide, an introduction to GNU Hurd and Mach programming by +Guide, an introduction to GNU Hurd and Mach programming by Wolfgang Jährling.

    Available Formats: @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ the authentication mechanisms in the Hurd by Wolfgang Jährling.

    Please check out the Frequently -Asked Questions about the GNU Hurd (33k characters) and their +Asked Questions about the GNU Hurd (33k characters) and their answers, which cover most issues a new user will be confronted with.

    This document is available in several languages: @@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ This document is available in several languages:

    Reference manuals

    -The GNU Hurd Reference Manual documents the architecture, the usage -and the programming of the GNU Hurd. At the moment, the manual is +The GNU Hurd Reference Manual documents the architecture, the usage +and the programming of the GNU Hurd. At the moment, the manual is quite incomplete.

    Available Formats: diff --git a/download.html b/download.html index fe759c4a..ac3b4069 100644 --- a/download.html +++ b/download.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ to date.

    There is also a cross referenced -database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MiG, and the GNU C library sources +database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MIG, and the GNU C library sources online for you to browse. It provides better searching and browsing facilities than the online CVS repository, but it is not always up to date and does not contain history information. diff --git a/gnumach-download.html b/gnumach-download.html index 914efafd..81222bc9 100644 --- a/gnumach-download.html +++ b/gnumach-download.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -58,7 +58,7 @@

    Latest Release

    -The latest release of GNU Mach is version 1.3, 2002-05-28. It features: +The latest release of GNU Mach is version 1.3, 2002-05-28. It features:

    • Bug fixes.
    • The kernel now directly supports "boot scripts" in the form of @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ attributes.
      • added.

    -You can download the latest version of GNU Mach from the GNU ftp server: +You can download the latest version of GNU Mach from the GNU ftp server:

    • gnumach-1.3.tar.gz @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ HREF="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gnumach/gnumach-1.3.tar.gz.sig">gnumach-1.3.tar.gz. [1K].
    • gnumach-1.2-1.3.diff.gz -[310K], containing the differences between GNU Mach 1.2 and GNU Mach 1.3.
      • +[310K], containing the differences between GNU Mach 1.2 and GNU Mach 1.3.
    • gnumach-1.2-1.3.diff.gz.sig [1K].
      • @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ HREF="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gnumach/gnumach-1.2-1.3.diff.gz.sig">gnumach-1.2-1.

      CVS repository

      -The GNU Mach source code is managed in the version control system CVS. You can check out the CVS repository with the following instruction set. @@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Source tree:
      cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.savannah.gnu.org:/sources/hurd co gnumach

      -Use to following to get the GNU Mach 1 branch: +Use to following to get the GNU Mach 1 branch:
      cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.savannah.gnu.org:/sources/hurd co -r gnumach-1-branch gnumach @@ -121,13 +121,13 @@ href="https://savannah.gnu.org/cvs/?group=hurd">Savannah page.

      You can also browse the CVS -repository of GNU Mach with your web browser. The web pages are +repository of GNU Mach with your web browser. The web pages are generated dynamically at the time you request them and are always up to date.

      There is also a cross referenced -database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MiG, and the GNU C library sources +database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MIG, and the GNU C library sources online for you to browse. It provides better searching and browsing facilities than the online CVS repository, but it is not always up to date and does not contain history information. diff --git a/gnumach-install.html b/gnumach-install.html index a44460fd..06d4f6ad 100644 --- a/gnumach-install.html +++ b/gnumach-install.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -52,22 +52,22 @@

      Latest version

      -The last stable version of GNU Mach is 1.3, but it is recommended that +The last stable version of GNU Mach is 1.3, but it is recommended that you use the version in CVS instead, as this fixes some bugs that prevent the kernel to work on some systems.

      Installation instructions

      -GNU Mach can be compiled or cross-compiled easily. The only package -you are not likely to have installed already is MiG, the Mach +GNU Mach can be compiled or cross-compiled easily. The only package +you are not likely to have installed already is MIG, the Mach interface generator. If you cross-compile gnumach, you need a -cross-MiG for your architecture. You also need the static version of +cross-MIG for your architecture. You also need the static version of the C library for your host architecture, as some functions are taken directly from it. We recommend that you use the GNU C library, other C libraries @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ have not been tested and might not work. After you have followed the installation instructions in the package and the reference manual, you should end up with a kernel binary where your boot loader can find it. -

      Booting GNU Mach

      +

      Booting GNU Mach

      To actually use the kernel and boot the GNU operating system, you need a boot loader. Not all boot loaders are capable to boot the GNU diff --git a/gnumach.html b/gnumach.html index d00fc274..2a983c76 100644 --- a/gnumach.html +++ b/gnumach.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -54,32 +54,32 @@

      Table of Contents

      -

      Introduction to GNU Mach

      +

      Introduction to GNU Mach

      -GNU Mach is the microkernel of the GNU system. A microkernel provides +GNU Mach is the microkernel of the GNU system. A microkernel provides only a limited functionality, just enough abstraction on top of the hardware to run the rest of the operating system in user space. The -GNU Hurd servers and the GNU C library implement the POSIX compatible +GNU Hurd servers and the GNU C library implement the POSIX compatible base of the GNU system on top of the microkernel architecture provided by Mach.

      -Currently, GNU Mach runs on IA32 machines. GNU Mach should, and +Currently, GNU Mach runs on IA32 machines. GNU Mach should, and probably will, be ported to other hardware architectures in the future. Mach was ported to many operating systems in the past.

      -GNU Mach is maintained by the Hurd developers for the GNU project. If -you need help with GNU Mach or want to contribute to the development +GNU Mach is maintained by the Hurd developers for the GNU project. If +you need help with GNU Mach or want to contribute to the development of the microkernel, you should contact the Hurd people. -

      Advantages of GNU Mach

      -GNU Mach is not the most advanced microkernel known to the planet, nor +

      Advantages of GNU Mach

      +GNU Mach is not the most advanced microkernel known to the planet, nor is it the fastest or smallest, but it has a rich set of interfaces and some features which make it useful as the base of the Hurd system.
      @@ -90,11 +90,11 @@ Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the
      it's built to survive
      -As a microkernel, GNU Mach doesn't implement a lot of the features +As a microkernel, GNU Mach doesn't implement a lot of the features commonly found in an operating system, but only the bare minimum that is required to implement a full operating system on top of it. This means that a lot of the operating system code is maintained outside of -GNU Mach, and while this code may go through a complete redesign, the +GNU Mach, and while this code may go through a complete redesign, the code of the microkernel can remain comparatively stable.
      it's scalable
      @@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ Mach is particularly well suited for SMP and network cluster techniques. Thread support is provided at the kernel level, and the kernel itself takes advantage of that. Network transparency at the IPC level makes resources of the system available across machine -boundaries (with NORMA IPC, currently not available in GNU Mach). +boundaries (with NORMA IPC, currently not available in GNU Mach).
      it exists
      @@ -118,17 +118,17 @@ multi-server operating system, the Hurd.

      Status of the project

      -GNU Mach 1.3 was released in May 2002, and features advanced boot +GNU Mach 1.3 was released in May 2002, and features advanced boot script support, support for large disks (>= 10GB) and an improved console.

      -GNU Mach is used as the default microkernel in the GNU/Hurd system. +GNU Mach is used as the default microkernel in the GNU/Hurd system. It is compatible with other popular Mach distributions. The device drivers for block devices and network cards are taken from Linux 2.0.x kernel versions, and so a broad range of common hardware is supported.

      However, the Linux device drivers have been improved greatly since the -2.0.x version, and a new version of GNU Mach based on the OSKit +2.0.x version, and a new version of GNU Mach based on the OSKit library is being worked on, which uses newer drivers and in general has cleaner machine specific support code. diff --git a/help.html b/help.html index 8cdca956..0daafe0e 100644 --- a/help.html +++ b/help.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -59,14 +59,14 @@

      Mailing lists

      If you have questions about the installation, how the Hurd works and -how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, GNU Mach or +how it is used, or general questions concerning the Hurd, GNU Mach or the other packages maintained by the Hurd people, you can send an e-mail to the Help-Hurd <help-hurd@gnu.org> mailing list.

      -Bug reports for the GNU Hurd, GNU Mach and the other packages +Bug reports for the GNU Hurd, GNU Mach and the other packages maintained by the Hurd people should be sent to the Bug-Hurd <bug-hurd@gnu.org> mailing diff --git a/history.html b/history.html index 5b688d4b..5f559b17 100644 --- a/history.html +++ b/history.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -145,9 +145,9 @@ works!

      News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots!
      -GNU Hurd announcement, Nov 93
      +GNU Hurd announcement, Nov 93
      -GNU Hurd announcement, May 91
      +GNU Hurd announcement, May 91
      diff --git a/hurd-announcements.html b/hurd-announcements.html index 3d89230f..d4944b57 100644 --- a/hurd-announcements.html +++ b/hurd-announcements.html @@ -73,10 +73,10 @@ works! News flash, Apr 94 -- it boots!
      -GNU Hurd announcement, Nov 93
      +GNU Hurd announcement, Nov 93
      -GNU Hurd announcement, May 91
      +GNU Hurd announcement, May 91
        diff --git a/hurd-folks.html b/hurd-folks.html index 93637440..0becf042 100644 --- a/hurd-folks.html +++ b/hurd-folks.html @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ -GNU Hurd folks - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +GNU Hurd folks - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) -

      GNU Hurd folks

      +

      GNU Hurd folks

      [image of a Hurd Metafont Logo] (jpeg 10k) @@ -14,7 +14,7 @@

      A number of people maintain their own unofficial GNU Hurd pages to describe their involvements. +HREF="hurd.html">GNU Hurd pages to describe their involvements. These are valuable sites because they help introduce more people to the Hurd, and to the GNU project. diff --git a/hurd-l4.html b/hurd-l4.html index d1aad633..62b164bd 100644 --- a/hurd-l4.html +++ b/hurd-l4.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -50,7 +50,7 @@

      Table of Contents

      -

      The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel

      +

      The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel

      -The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel is an on-going effort to +The GNU Hurd on top of the L4 microkernel is an on-going effort to port the Hurd system to the L4Ka::Pistachio microkernel. diff --git a/hurd-paper.html b/hurd-paper.html index fbd34014..19ccef2f 100644 --- a/hurd-paper.html +++ b/hurd-paper.html @@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ But the wall between user and system remains; no user can cross it without special privilege.

      -The GNU Hurd, by contrast, is designed to make the area of +The GNU Hurd, by contrast, is designed to make the area of system code as limited as possible. diff --git a/hurd-talk.html b/hurd-talk.html index 756eee1c..497f1fb0 100644 --- a/hurd-talk.html +++ b/hurd-talk.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MiG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -117,12 +117,12 @@ this brings further advantages beside freedom.

      The Hurd is a POSIX compatible multi-server -system operating on top of the GNU Mach microkernel. +system operating on top of the GNU Mach microkernel.

      Topics:

        -
      • GNU Mach
        • +
      • GNU Mach
      • The Hurd
      • Development
      • Debian GNU/Hurd
        • @@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ Topics:

        The Hurd is a POSIX compatible multi-server system operating on top of -the GNU Mach Microkernel. +the GNU Mach Microkernel.

        -I will have to explain what GNU Mach is, so we start with that. Then +I will have to explain what GNU Mach is, so we start with that. Then I will talk about the Hurd's architecture. After that, I will give a short overview on the Hurd libraries. Finally, I will tell you how the Debian project is related to the Hurd. @@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ interface, it provides tasks and threads, a messaging system allowing synchronous and asynchronous operation and a complex interface for external pagers. It's certainly not one of the sexiest microkernels that exist today, but more like a big old mama. The GNU project -maintains its own version of Mach, called GNU Mach, which is based on +maintains its own version of Mach, called GNU Mach, which is based on Mach 4.0. In addition to the features contained in Mach 4.0, the GNU version contains many of the Linux 2.0 block device and network card drivers. @@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ To quote Thomas Bushnell, BSG, from his paper ``A new strategy towards OS design'' (1996):

        -The GNU Hurd, by contrast, is designed to make the area of system code +The GNU Hurd, by contrast, is designed to make the area of system code as limited as possible. Programs are required to communicate only with a few essential parts of the kernel; the rest of the system is replaceable dynamically. Users can use whatever parts of the @@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ channels.
      • Potentially many senders

      -MiG provides remote procedure calls on top of Mach IPC. RPCs look like +MIG provides remote procedure calls on top of Mach IPC. RPCs look like function calls to the user.

    • -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
    About the Hurd
    About Microkernels
    @@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ apologize... please let us know so that we can update this list!
    Documentation
    Derek Upham
    -
    wrote the original GNU Hurd FAQ
    +
    wrote the original GNU Hurd FAQ
    Gordon Matzigkeit
    -
    reorganized and updated the GNU Hurd Reference Manual for release 0.3reorganized and updated the GNU Hurd Reference Manual for release 0.3
    Matthew C. Vernon
    wrote the ``Idiot's Guide'' for getting started with the Hurd
    diff --git a/auth.html b/auth.html index aa4e6b67..78b9f937 100644 --- a/auth.html +++ b/auth.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code

    @@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ Side Goal:

    -The Debian distribution of the GNU Hurd that I started in 1998 is +The Debian distribution of the GNU Hurd that I started in 1998 is supposed to become a complete binary distribution of the Hurd that is easy to install. diff --git a/hurd.html b/hurd.html index f6c870b4..36aca9a9 100644 --- a/hurd.html +++ b/hurd.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -33,7 +33,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@

    Introduction to the Hurd

    -The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ recursive acronyms.

    Status of the project

    -The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library +The Hurd, together with the GNU Mach microkernel, the GNU C Library and the other GNU and non-GNU programs in the GNU system, provide a rather complete and usable operating system today. It is not ready for production use, as there are still many bugs and missing features. diff --git a/install.html b/install.html index fee42941..ad3bf3b0 100644 --- a/install.html +++ b/install.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@

    Latest version

    -The GNU Hurd is under active development. Because of that, there is +The GNU Hurd is under active development. Because of that, there is no `stable' version. We distribute the Hurd sources only through CVS at present.

    diff --git a/mig-download.html b/mig-download.html index 9595a065..48720c38 100644 --- a/mig-download.html +++ b/mig-download.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code
     
    @@ -58,17 +58,17 @@

    Latest Release

    -The latest release of MiG is version 1.3, 2002-03-08. It features: +The latest release of MIG is version 1.3, 2002-03-08. It features:

    • Minor bug fixes.
    • The new keyword retcode is accepted as a parameter modifier. This does not do anything, but is accepted for -compatibility with the MiG input syntax used with OSF Mach.
      • +compatibility with the MIG input syntax used with OSF Mach.
    • The debian/ subdirectory of packaging files is now -included in the MiG source distribution.
      • +included in the MIG source distribution.

    -You can download the latest version of MiG from the GNU ftp server: +You can download the latest version of MIG from the GNU ftp server:

    • mig-1.3.tar.gz @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ HREF="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mig/mig-1.3.tar.gz.sig">mig-1.3.tar.gz.sigCVS repository

      -The MiG source code is managed in the version control system CVS. You can check out the CVS repository through anonymous CVS over SSH with the following instruction set. When prompted for a password for anoncvs, @@ -100,13 +100,13 @@ href="https://savannah.gnu.org/cvs/?group=hurd">savannah page.

      You can also browse the CVS -repository of MiG with your web browser. The web pages are +repository of MIG with your web browser. The web pages are generated dynamically at the time you request them and are always up to date.

      There is also a cross referenced -database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MiG, and the GNU C library sources +database of the Hurd, GNU Mach, MIG, and the GNU C library sources online for you to browse. It provides better searching and browsing facilities than the online CVS repository, but it is not always up to date and does not contain history information. diff --git a/mig.html b/mig.html index 6811cab5..3f77d28d 100644 --- a/mig.html +++ b/mig.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@  
      ChangeLogs

      -The GNU Hurd
      +GNU Hurd
       
      Documentation
      Installation
      @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Installation
      Source Code
       
      -MIG
      +GNU MIG
       
      Source Code
       
      @@ -59,22 +59,22 @@

      -

      Introduction to GNU MIG

      +

      Introduction to GNU MIG

      -GNU MIG is the GNU distribution of the Mach 3.0 interface generator `MIG', as -maintained by the GNU Hurd developers for the GNU project. +GNU MIG is the GNU distribution of the Mach 3.0 interface generator `MIG', as +maintained by the GNU Hurd developers for the GNU project.

      The interface generator produces stub code from interface definition (.defs) files. The stub code makes it easy to implement and use Mach interfaces as remote procedure calls (RPC).

      -You need this tool to compile the GNU Mach and GNU Hurd distributions, and to +You need this tool to compile the GNU Mach and GNU Hurd distributions, and to compile the GNU C library for the Hurd. Also, you will need it for other software in the GNU system that uses Mach-based inter-process communication.

      Status of the project

      -MiG 1.3 was released in March 2002, and features compatibility with +MIG 1.3 was released in March 2002, and features compatibility with OSF Mach.

    -

    What is the GNU Hurd?

    +

    What is the GNU Hurd?

    -The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar @@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ so that it can be added here.

    27 April 2006
    -

    The GNU Hurd project will participate in this year's +

    The GNU Hurd project will participate in this year's Google Summer of Code, under the aegis of the GNU project.

    The following is a list of items you might want to work on. If you want to @@ -84,12 +84,12 @@ href="/software/hurd/help.html#TOCirc">#hurd IRC channel.

    @@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ Courtès.
    29 July 2005
    Added a Italian translation -of The GNU +of GNU Hurd by Carlo Palma.

    @@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ Hurd by Carlo Palma.
    Added Dutch translations of What's -New and The -GNU Hurd by Roan Embrechts. +New and +GNU Hurd by Roan Embrechts.

    @@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ is now accessible through the Documentation
    Gaël Le Mignot, president of HurdFr, -presented the GNU Hurd on 22 November +presented the GNU Hurd on 22 November 2002 at EpX in Paris. English slides and French slides of the diff --git a/whatsold.html b/whatsold.html index ddad85ac..ace0d66e 100644 --- a/whatsold.html +++ b/whatsold.html @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> -The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) +The GNU Hurd - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF) @@ -24,7 +24,7 @@  
    ChangeLogs

    -The GNU Hurd
    +GNU Hurd
     
    Documentation
    Installation
    @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Installation
    Source Code
     
    -MiG
    +GNU MIG
     
    Source Code