From c7e26e0cbe66c52090c1f20ac4ec7fe042644cd9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 22:42:44 +0000 Subject: Add the FAQ by Neal Walfield and its translations. Add a Makefile to generate the HTML and text versions from the source files. Add the generated files. Modify docs.html to point to the local version. --- faq.en.in | 651 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 651 insertions(+) create mode 100644 faq.en.in diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5215fbf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -0,0 +1,651 @@ + Frequently Asked Questions about the GNU Hurd + +This document attempts to answer the questions that most often plague +users when they are talking about, installing, using, compiling and +developing the GNU Hurd as well as its binary distribution Debian +GNU/Hurd. Be sure to read this before asking for help. + +The GNU Hurd is under active development and a stable version has not +yet been released. Be aware that: there is a lot of work yet to be +completed; you will find bugs; your system will crash. That said, there +is a lot of room for contributions at all levels: development of the +Hurd and Mach proper, porting applications, writing documentation and, +most importantly, user feedback. + +Should you have a question that is not answered by this document and you +feel that it should be, submit it and, if possible, with an answer. + +Each section is copyright its respective author(s). Permission is +granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms +of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, +with no Front-Cover Texts and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the +license is included in the file COPYRIGHT. + + Neal H Walfield + neal@cs.uml.edu + +? Generally Speaking + +?? What is a Multiserver Microkernel? + +{NHW} A Microkernel has nothing to do with the size of the kernel. +Rather, it refers to the functionality that the kernel provides. It is +generally agreed that this is; a set of interfaces to allow processes to +communicate and a way to talk to the hardware. ``Software drivers,'' as +I like to call them, are then implemented in user space as servers. The +most obvious examples of these are the TCP/IP stack, the ext2 filesystem +and NFS. In the case of the Hurd, users now have access to +functionality that, in a monolithic kernel, they could never use, but +now, because the server runs in user space as the user that started it, +they may, for instance, mount an ftp filesystem in their home directory. + +For more information about the design of the Hurd, read Thomas Bushnell, +BSG's paper ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'' available at: + + http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd-paper.html + +?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? + +{NHW} Hurd stands for ``Hird of Unix Replacing Daemons.'' And Hird, in +turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth.'' + +When we are referring to the kernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it as a +proper noun. For example: ``The GNU Mach kernel uses the device drivers +found in version 2.0.x of the Linux kernel.'' + +When we talking about the servers, we say ``The Hurd.'' For instance: +The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach. Note, it is +wrong to say any of the following: ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or ``the +hurd.'' + +``GNU/Hurd'' is used when we wish to express the idea of the operating +system, e.g. ``Currently, Debian is the only distribution of GNU/Hurd.'' + +Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd.'' This refers to the distribution +as created by the Debian developers. For example: ``What do you run on +your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.'' + +The French have a tendency to say: ``le Hurd.'' That is: masculine +singular with a leading capital. + +?? What mailing lists are there? + +{NHW} There are four principle mailing lists: + +- bug-hurd@gnu.org: Hurd and Mach development. +- help-hurd@gnu.org: General Hurd questions. +- web-hurd@gnu.org: Maintenance of the hurd webpages at + http://hurd.gnu.org +- debian-hurd@lists.debian.org: All things related to Debian GNU/Hurd + (especially porting issues). + +Subscribe in the usual manner. + +?? Where do I submit bug reports? + +{NHW} Use the Debian bug tracking system. You can find out more about +the BTS at http://www.debian.org/Bugs. + +?? Is there a TODO list? + +{NHW} Yes, in fact, several. + +- /tasks +- /TODO +- http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-devel-tasks + +?? When is the next release? + +{NHW} No one seems to know. However, the Hurd is definitely runnable, +try it and help us get there. + +?? Why is `/usr' a symbolic link to `.'? + +{MB} The distinction between `/' and `/usr' has historical reasons. +Back when Unix systems were booted from two tapes, a small root tape +and a big user tape. Today, we like to use different partitions for +these two spaces. The Hurd throws this historical garbage away. We +think that we have found a more flexible solution called shadow +filesystems. Unfortunately, support for shadowed filesystems is not yet +implemented. + +? Installation + +?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? + +{NHW} As GNU/Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can find the +binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, several core +packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have several, +unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: + + ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/hurd/debian. + +Once you have a working installation, you can point apt at the archives +by adding the following lines to your /etc/apt/sources.list file. For +example: + + deb ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/gnu/hurd/debian unstable main + deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main + +As downloading all of the packages can be quite long (there is over a +gigabyte of files), Philip Charles has created Debian GNU/Hurd CDs. +Vendors can be found at the following site: + + http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-cd + +?? How do I install Debian GNU/Hurd? + +{NHW} Consult one of the installation guides. The most up to date guide +can be found at: + + http://web.walfield.org/papers/hurd-installation-guide/ + +?? What kind of hardware is supported? + +{NHW} Currently, GNU/Hurd only runs on IA32 machines, however, porting +to other architectures should not be difficult: the code has always +been written with portability in mind. + +With respect to drivers, GNU Mach uses a subset of the drivers from the +Linux 2.0.x kernel. A relatively complete hardware compatibility guide +can be found at: + + http://www.urbanophile.com/arenn/hacking/hurd/hurd-hardware.html + +If you run into trouble, it is most likely that: + +- You are using IRQ sharing; GNU Mach does not support this in the + least. +- A device driver is frobbing the hardware and accidentally activating + the wrong device. + +In the former case, you should start removing devices or play with the +BIOS. As for the latter, GNU Mach does not support loadable kernel +modules. Therefore, you will have to compile a new kernel and only +activate those device drivers that you actually need. + +?? What partition type should I use for my GNU/Hurd partitions? + +{MB} You should use an ext2 filesystem. Alternatively, you may use BSD +style ufs. The partition type number for ext2fs is 0x83 (this is the +same as in Linux), not 0x63 (GNU HURD). Thomas explains why 0x63 is the +wrong choice: + + One day we may have a new filesystem format, which would + probably be called the GNU Hurd filesystem format, and might + well use that partition code. + +Regardless, as Roland points out, it is always an error to use that code +for an ext2fs partition, + +?? How do I name partitions? + +{MB,NHW} I knew you would ask this. If I had to reduce this FAQ to only +one question, I'd choose this one. It is pretty easy, but you have to +know that there are actually several incompatibly naming convention. + +First, the Hurd: if the disk is question is a SCSI disk, you must know +the SCSI device number; if it is an IDE disk, you must know what +controller the disk is on and whether it is a master or a slave. The +Hurd uses the BSD naming convention which, is to say, disks are ordered +according to their physical location, numerically, starting from zero. +This naming scheme is quite similar to that found in Linux. There, the +master disk on the primary controller is designated as `hda' and the +slave as `hdb'. On the secondary controller, the master and the slave +are designated by `hdc' and `hdd' respectively. Under the Hurd, `hda' +would become `hd0', `hdb' would be referred to as `hd1', etc. + +In the Hurd, like in BSD, partitions are called `slices' and are +numbered starting from one. Thus, to name a particular partition, we +take the disk name, append a `s' and the partition number. Again, this +is similar to Linux except, there is no `s'. For instance, `hda1' would +become `hd0s1'. + +GRUB, the boot loader, uses a completely different nomenclature: it +probes the BIOS and appends each disk in turn to an array. Both disks +and partitions are enumerated using zero based arrays. The format is: +`hd (, )'. Thus, `hd (0, 1)' refers to the second +partition on the first drive detected by the BIOS. As Grub now has tab +completion, there is not a lot of guess work. + +?? Can I use partitions larger than 1GB? + +{MB} No, not currently. The filesystem servers need to be changed to +not map the whole store into memory, which is not too difficult. For +large files, some interfaces need to be changed, which is a bit harder +but still doable. + +?? How much swap do I need? + +{NHW} Generally, a lot; once you run out, Mach panics. I have at least +128MB of ram and 256MB of swap on all of my Hurd machines. + +?? Can I share swap space between Linux and the Hurd? + +{NHW} Yes. The default pager recognizes and respects Linux swap +partitions. It will also swap to a raw partition, i.e. anything that it +does not recognize as Linux swap. Therefore: BE CAREFUL. + +?? Why do I get ``Operation not permitted error''? + +{MB} You forgot to set the file system owner of the Hurd partition to +Hurd. The Hurd uses additional information in the inodes to set +translators. To make this work, the partition must be marked as ``owned +by the Hurd''. This is normally done by passing the `-o hurd' option to +`mke2fs' when creating ext2 system from other operating systems +(filesystems created under the Hurd automatically enable this option). +If you failed to do this, you can still use the `e2os' script. + +?? After `native-install' is finished, I had to write tthhiiss + wwaayy. In particular, I had to type `rreebboooott' to reboot. + +{MB} Funny, isn't it? In addition to the rescue `term' server in +`/tmp/console', another `term' server got started and is clobbing the +keyboard input. After a reboot this problem vanishes as only one `term' +server will remain. If `tar' would support translator, we would not +have this problem... Even if you don't experience this problem right +after the installation, reboot immediately so you don't hit this bug by +accident. + +? Setup + +?? How do I add a swap partition? + +{MB} A swap partition is also called a paging file. Usually, it is +sufficient to add the swap partition to `/etc/fstab', just as you would +under Linux. You can swap to a Linux swap partition and the Hurd will +honour the Linux swap signature (both versions). The Hurd will just as +happily swap to any other raw disk space and overwrite anything it +finds. So, be careful! + +If you want to swap to a file or make sure that it checks the Linux swap +signature before, you need to edit `/boot/servers.boot'. The syntax is +the partition device file name plus, optionally, the swap file inside an +ext2fs partition, followed by a space and then one of: +`$(add-raw-paging-file)', `$(add-linux-paging-file)', +`$(add-paging-file)'. The first works with any partition or file and +does not honour any swap signature or other data. The second has a +safety check and only uses the file if a Linux swap signature is found. +The third looks for a swap signature first and falls back to raw paging +if it failed to find one. This is also the default for entries in +`/etc/fstab'. + +?? How do I set up a network? + How do I set up a loopback device? + +{MB} In the former case, be sure that GNU Mach detected your network +card. Either way, you need to setup `pfinet'. Documentation can be +found at: + + http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-doc-server#pfinet + +Don't forget to fill in `/etc/resolv.conf', `/etc/hosts', etc. + +Of course, you only need to do this if the installation routine didn't +do it for you. + +?? How can I pass options to `serverboot'? + +{MB} Give them to the kernel (i.e. on the GRUB command line) and it will +pass them down to `serverboot' automatically. + +?? Can I use the GNU/Linux version of `e2fsck' on a Hurd partition? + +{MB} Yes, at least since `e2fsprogs-1.05'. Check this with `e2fsck -V' +first. + +{NHW} Do not try to defrag your partition as this utility does not know +about translators. + +?? Why are pipes not working? + +{MB} `settrans -fgc /servers/socket/1 /hurd/pflocal' should help. + +? Usage + +?? Where is the documentation? + +{NHW} There are neither man pages nor info nodes for Hurd translators +and commands. Documentation lives inside of the binaries and can be +found by passing the `--help' option to a given command. For instance: + + # /hurd/ext2fs --help + +will tell you what types of options the ext2fs translator accepts. + +?? What is a translator? + +{MB} There is a text about translators available at: + + http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-doc-translator + +Read this and ask further questions on the mailing lists. + +?? What is the login shell? + +{MB} The Hurd has the concept of a not-logged in user. This user has +neither user ids nor groups ids. This stems from the fact that the Hurd +supports uid and gid sets and one possibility is, of course, the empty +set. Rather than deny access in this case, Hurd filesystems offer a +forth permission triplet (i.e. rwx) which is used to determine the +privileges for users with no credentials. This, however, needs to be +enabled on a file by file basis. By default, the `other' permission +triplet is used. + +The Hurd login shell is a shell running with neither uids nor gids. To +restrict access to your files, either enable and change the fourth +permission triplet or change the login shell of the `login' user in the +password file to `/bin/loginpr' which implements the standard login +prompt. + +?? How do I use non-US keyboard bindings? + +{NHW} Take a look at: + + ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/contrib/marcus/keymap.tar.gz + +?? How do I enable color on the console? + +{NHW} If you are using the GNU Mach microkernel, you can set your +terminal to `mach-color'. For instance: + + # export TERM=mach-color + +?? How can I enable virtual consoles? + +{NHW} There is currently no support for virtual consoles. You can, +however, use `screen'. It is much more flexible anyway. + +Kalle Olavi Niemitalo began working on colortext. +His aim was to provide a featureful program that multiplexes the console +in userspace by reading from the /dev/kdb device. Check: + + http://stekt.oulu.fi/~tosi/ + +{MB} Here are some useful options to add to your ~/.screenrc file to get +it to emulate Linux virtual terminals a bit more closely: + + bindkey ^[O0 select 0 + bindkey ^[O1 select 1 + bindkey ^[O2 select 2 + bindkey ^[O3 select 3 + bindkey ^[O4 select 4 + bindkey ^[O5 select 5 + bindkey ^[O6 select 6 + bindkey ^[O7 select 7 + bindkey ^[O8 select 8 + bindkey ^[O9 select 9 + + # Unfortunately, Mach ignores modifiers on Cursor keys. This can be + # fixed, however, for now, we shall just use other keys to move back, + # and forth. + # ^[, is ALT and "," + # ^[. is ALT and "." + bindkey ^[, prev + bindkey ^[. next + +?? What is the status of X? + +{MB} It works! The packages are available at any Debian ftp mirror. +XFree86 4.0.2 is available, as are some of the v3 servers. Instructions +on how to use the packages are in the mailing list archive (link follow +later). + +?? Why does X not work? + +{MB} Try `export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/X11R6/lib'. This is a linker +issue. The Hurd system wants to use `RPATH', however, Debian takes +certain measures to avoid this. Note that this does not cut it for suid +binaries because of security implications. + +?? What are these strange pids `2' and `3'? + +{MB} Two is the kernel, three is the default pager and four is the root +filesystem. + +?? Why does `ps aux' give me strange output? + +{MB} Try `ps Aux'. + +?? I have a hung process that I want to kill, however, `ps' is now + hanging too. + +{MB} Interrupt it and pass it the `-M' option. + +{NHW} By default, `ps' gathers information from both the proc server and +the processes themselves (via their message port). If a process it +hung, it will not be able respond to its message port and thus, ps will +wait forever. The `-M' option instructs ps to not gather information +that would require use of the message port. + +?? Where are ... + +{MB} `fdisk' and `dmesg' are not yet ported. + +Instead of `free', use `vmstat' and `vminfo'. + +For kernel messages, read `/dev/klog' directly. Note, once you read +this, it is gone forever. + +{NHW} `ifconfig' does not exist. Try: + + # /hurd/pfinet --help + +As for dhcp, take a look at hurd/trans/pump.c; this is the start of a +dhcp client for the Hurd. + +?? Is there a `/proc' filesystem? + +{MB} No. Maybe there will be an emulation filesystem someday for +programs that rely it. If you are wondering about the empty `/proc' +directory, this is a relict from a Debian GNU/Linux package +(specifically, `base-files'). + +You can probe for existing hardware devices with the devprobe utility. + +?? Why does the command `df' not work? + +{NHW} It does, you just have to tell it what filesystem to query. E.g. + + # df / + +?? Why are my translators dying? + +{NHW} Try passing the `-ap' flag to settrans. By default, settrans only +sets a passive translator, therefore, no output will show up on your +terminal. Using `-ap', however, sets both the active and the passive +translator which, means that the translator starts immediately and its +stderr is connected to you terminal. + +Additionally, the biggest problem is passing relative paths to passive +translators. You cannot predict what the current working directory of a +translator will be when it is setup as a passive translator. + +? Trouble shooting + +?? When the APM support in the BIOS spins down my disk drives, the + Hurd is unable to wake up. What's wrong? + +{MB} APM is not supported in the current version of GNU Mach, sorry. +Please disable APM in your BIOS setup. + +?? What are these messages referring to `default pager', `paging', + and `pager request'? + +{MB} The default pager handles virtual memory allocation. If it can't +allocate a new memory page because you are out of memory, some terrible +things may happen. Whenever you get errors referring to any of these, +you either need more memory (make sure you have swap) or you have found +a memory leak. + +?? What is a gratuitous error? + +{MB} This comes from `strerror(EGRATUITOUS)'. If you check glibc's +documentation, it will say that this error code has no purpose. This, +however, is not quite true. You only get this when something terrible +happens. Thomas explains: + + More precisely `EGRATUITOUS' officially means that some server + has responded in an impossible or protocol-violating fashion. + There are some cases in the Hurd where `EGRATUITOUS' is returned + and probably something else should be chosen instead. + +If you can reproduce this error message, please report it. + +?? What does ``/dev/hd0s1: MOUNTED READ-ONLY; MUST USE `fsysopts + --writable''' mean? + +{NHW} In this case, /dev/hd0s1 was not unmounted cleanly. The Hurd +will, on boot up, run ``fsck -p'' on any partitions that it finds in +/etc/fstab, so, you may want to consider adding this partition to that +file. If you are sure that the partition is fine, you can run: + + # fsysopts /home --writable + +to ask the translator sitting on /home to change from read-only to +read/write mode. Note that the command is being sent to the filesystem +and not the store (e.g. /dev/hd0s1). + +?? When the Hurd crashes, GNU Mach automatically reboots. Is + there anyway I can make it pause so I can write down the error? + +{MB} Pass the `-H' option to init (add it to the boot command line), and +`init' will tell Mach to enter the kernel debugger instead to rebooting +it. At the debugger prompt (`db>'), you can type `reboot' any time to +reboot the system. + +? Porting + +?? What programs have been ported? + +{NHW} A lot, take a look at the Debian archive. Many programs, however, +do not necessarily need to be ported; they have just never been +compiled. + +?? Is porting easy? + +{NHW} Porting applications to the Hurd is relatively easy assuming the +application is POSIX compliant as the Hurd does its best to be a +conforming operating system. + +The most common error made by programmers is assuming the MAXPATHLEN and +PATH_MAX are defined. On most operating systems this is set to a few +thousand, however, on the Hurd, there is no maximum and thus, this is +not set. The correct thing to do is to submit a patch to the upstream +author that allocates memory dynamically. + +?? How can I help? + +{NHW} A effort to compile all of the Debian packages is underway by Jeff +Bailey. Take a look at: + + http://people.debian.org/~jbailey/oasis/group/Debian/index.html + +to see what has been done and how you can help. + +? Compiling + +?? Where can I get the source? + +{NHW} The source is stored in CVS at: + + :pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvs + +You do not need a password to login. The modules that you are interested +in are: `hurd', `mach' and `mig'. + +A web interface is also available at: http://subversions.gnu.org. + +To get the source to the latest debian package, look on any debian +mirror. + +?? Can I cross compile? + +{NHW} Yes. If you are running Debian GNU/Linux on IA32, this is quite +easy as there is a cheap cross compiler available; all that is required +is installing the gcc-i386-gnu and mig-i386-gnu Debian packages. When +running configure, you will have to specify tools directly: + + # MIG=/usr/bin/i386-gnu-mig CC=/usr/bin/i386-gnu-gcc \ + ../src/hurd/configure ... + +If you are running another distribution, you will have to do this the +long way. You can find instructions at the Cross Compiling HOW-TO +available at: + + http://hurddocs.sourceforge.net/howto/cross.html + +Farid Hajji also talks about his experiences +at: + + http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd-0012/msg00062.html + +?? Any general tips? + +{NHW} Yeah, building in the source tree is untested. Try: + + # ../src/hurd/configure ... + +? Development + +?? Why can I `read()' a directory? + +{MB} It is important to understand that there is nothing special about a +directory under the Hurd, it is just another file. This fits in with +the translator concept where a translator can appear as a directory but +provide also as a file. + +?? What is OSKit-Mach? + +{NHW} There are two versions of Mach: GNU Mach and OSKit-Mach. The +former uses the drivers from Linux 2.0.x while the latter uses the +University of Utah's OSKit. If all goes well, OSKit-Mach will be +stabilized and become the official kernel. You can find out more about +the OSKit at: + + http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/oskit + +?? Where is the documentation? + +{NHW} There were several books written on the Mach kernel. The +information that they contain is still mostly pertinent and should be +considered required reading for potential hackers. They can be found +at: + + http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/doc/publications.html + +The documentation for the Hurd is quite inadequate. The starting of a +book, ``The GNU Hurd'' is in the doc directory in the Hurd source. You +can read this using: + + # info hurd + +The authoritative place is, of course, the source code; that does not, +however, mean that we would not welcome more documentation. To get +started, take a look at /doc/navigating. + +?? How do I make sure that my code is POSIX compliant? + +{NHW} Unfortunately, you have to buy the POSIX standard from IEEE. The +Single Unix Specification version 2, a superset of POSIX, is available +for free on the Internet. Try: + + http://www.unix-systems.org/online.html + +?? Who do I submit patches to? + +{NHW} If they are against the Hurd, Mach or MiG, send a patch in unidiff +format to the bug-hurd mailing list. For instance: + + # diff -urN hurd-orig hurd + +If they are against other packages, the Debian BTS is a good place. In +this case, be sure to advise the debian-hurd mailing list of the bug. + + +Answers were given by: +* {NHW} Neal H Walfield +* {MB} Marcus Brinkmann + + vim:ts=8:sw=8:tw=72 -- cgit v1.2.3 From 0ebfc64659851551749746f7f876f59efee2e8bd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 23:23:27 +0000 Subject: faq.en.in: Change the nomenclature a bit. --- faq.en.in | 31 ++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 5215fbf1..fbecac43 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -47,20 +47,21 @@ BSG's paper ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'' available at: ?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? -{NHW} Hurd stands for ``Hird of Unix Replacing Daemons.'' And Hird, in -turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth.'' +{NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix Replacing +Daemons.'' And Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces +Representing Depth.'' When we are referring to the kernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it as a proper noun. For example: ``The GNU Mach kernel uses the device drivers found in version 2.0.x of the Linux kernel.'' -When we talking about the servers, we say ``The Hurd.'' For instance: +When we talking about the servers, we say ``the Hurd.'' For instance: The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach. Note, it is -wrong to say any of the following: ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or ``the -hurd.'' +wrong to say any of the following: ``Hurd'', ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or +``the hurd.'' -``GNU/Hurd'' is used when we wish to express the idea of the operating -system, e.g. ``Currently, Debian is the only distribution of GNU/Hurd.'' +``The GNU Hurd'' is used when we wish to express the idea of the operating +system, e.g. ``Currently, Debian is the only distribution of the GNU Hurd.'' Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd.'' This refers to the distribution as created by the Debian developers. For example: ``What do you run on @@ -114,10 +115,10 @@ implemented. ?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? -{NHW} As GNU/Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can find the -binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, several core -packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have several, -unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: +{NHW} As the GNU Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can +find the binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, +several core packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have +several, unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/hurd/debian. @@ -143,9 +144,9 @@ can be found at: ?? What kind of hardware is supported? -{NHW} Currently, GNU/Hurd only runs on IA32 machines, however, porting -to other architectures should not be difficult: the code has always -been written with portability in mind. +{NHW} Currently, the GNU Hurd only runs on IA32 machines, however, +porting to other architectures should not be difficult: the code has +always been written with portability in mind. With respect to drivers, GNU Mach uses a subset of the drivers from the Linux 2.0.x kernel. A relatively complete hardware compatibility guide @@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ BIOS. As for the latter, GNU Mach does not support loadable kernel modules. Therefore, you will have to compile a new kernel and only activate those device drivers that you actually need. -?? What partition type should I use for my GNU/Hurd partitions? +?? What partition type should I use for my GNU Hurd partitions? {MB} You should use an ext2 filesystem. Alternatively, you may use BSD style ufs. The partition type number for ext2fs is 0x83 (this is the -- cgit v1.2.3 From 5cc572186072fa541a538359df50bc781706248b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sun, 30 Sep 2001 17:44:40 +0000 Subject: Fix up nomeclature: "the Hurd" vs "GNU/Hurd" etc --- faq.en.in | 73 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------- 1 file changed, 39 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index fbecac43..fe91c80a 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -48,36 +48,40 @@ BSG's paper ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'' available at: ?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? {NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix Replacing -Daemons.'' And Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces -Representing Depth.'' +Daemons''. And Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces +Representing Depth''. When we are referring to the kernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it as a proper noun. For example: ``The GNU Mach kernel uses the device drivers found in version 2.0.x of the Linux kernel.'' -When we talking about the servers, we say ``the Hurd.'' For instance: -The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach. Note, it is -wrong to say any of the following: ``Hurd'', ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or -``the hurd.'' +When we talking about the servers, we say ``the Hurd''. For instance: +The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach. The name of +the project is ``the GNU Hurd''. Note, it is wrong to say any of the +following: ``Hurd'', ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or ``the hurd''. -``The GNU Hurd'' is used when we wish to express the idea of the operating -system, e.g. ``Currently, Debian is the only distribution of the GNU Hurd.'' +The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system +servers, but also many more programs. This system is called ``GNU'', +or ``the GNU operating system''. The GNU programs can also run on +other operating system kernels. We say ``GNU/Hurd'' when we want to +put emphasis on the fact that this is the GNU system running on top of +the Hurd. -Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd.'' This refers to the distribution -as created by the Debian developers. For example: ``What do you run on -your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.'' +Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd''. This refers to the distribution +of the GNU system as created by the Debian developers. For example: +``What do you run on your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.'' -The French have a tendency to say: ``le Hurd.'' That is: masculine +The French have a tendency to say: ``le Hurd''. That is: masculine singular with a leading capital. ?? What mailing lists are there? {NHW} There are four principle mailing lists: -- bug-hurd@gnu.org: Hurd and Mach development. -- help-hurd@gnu.org: General Hurd questions. -- web-hurd@gnu.org: Maintenance of the hurd webpages at - http://hurd.gnu.org +- bug-hurd@gnu.org: Development of the Hurd and Mach. +- help-hurd@gnu.org: General questions about the Hurd. +- web-hurd@gnu.org: Maintenance of the Hurd webpages at + http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd.html - debian-hurd@lists.debian.org: All things related to Debian GNU/Hurd (especially porting issues). @@ -115,9 +119,9 @@ implemented. ?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? -{NHW} As the GNU Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can -find the binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, -several core packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have +{NHW} As GNU/Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can find +the binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, several +core packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have several, unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/hurd/debian. @@ -166,7 +170,7 @@ BIOS. As for the latter, GNU Mach does not support loadable kernel modules. Therefore, you will have to compile a new kernel and only activate those device drivers that you actually need. -?? What partition type should I use for my GNU Hurd partitions? +?? What partition type should I use for my GNU/Hurd partitions? {MB} You should use an ext2 filesystem. Alternatively, you may use BSD style ufs. The partition type number for ext2fs is 0x83 (this is the @@ -220,9 +224,9 @@ but still doable. ?? How much swap do I need? {NHW} Generally, a lot; once you run out, Mach panics. I have at least -128MB of ram and 256MB of swap on all of my Hurd machines. +128MB of ram and 256MB of swap on all of machines running GNU/Hurd. -?? Can I share swap space between Linux and the Hurd? +?? Can I share swap space between GNU/Linux and GNU/Hurd? {NHW} Yes. The default pager recognizes and respects Linux swap partitions. It will also swap to a raw partition, i.e. anything that it @@ -230,12 +234,12 @@ does not recognize as Linux swap. Therefore: BE CAREFUL. ?? Why do I get ``Operation not permitted error''? -{MB} You forgot to set the file system owner of the Hurd partition to -Hurd. The Hurd uses additional information in the inodes to set +{MB} You forgot to set the file system owner of the GNU/Hurd partition to +``hurd''. The Hurd uses additional information in the inodes to set translators. To make this work, the partition must be marked as ``owned by the Hurd''. This is normally done by passing the `-o hurd' option to `mke2fs' when creating ext2 system from other operating systems -(filesystems created under the Hurd automatically enable this option). +(filesystems created in GNU/Hurd automatically enable this option). If you failed to do this, you can still use the `e2os' script. ?? After `native-install' is finished, I had to write tthhiiss @@ -291,7 +295,7 @@ do it for you. {MB} Give them to the kernel (i.e. on the GRUB command line) and it will pass them down to `serverboot' automatically. -?? Can I use the GNU/Linux version of `e2fsck' on a Hurd partition? +?? Can I use the GNU/Linux version of `e2fsck' on a GNU/Hurd partition? {MB} Yes, at least since `e2fsprogs-1.05'. Check this with `e2fsck -V' first. @@ -307,7 +311,7 @@ about translators. ?? Where is the documentation? -{NHW} There are neither man pages nor info nodes for Hurd translators +{NHW} There are neither man pages nor info nodes for the Hurd translators and commands. Documentation lives inside of the binaries and can be found by passing the `--help' option to a given command. For instance: @@ -328,7 +332,7 @@ Read this and ask further questions on the mailing lists. {MB} The Hurd has the concept of a not-logged in user. This user has neither user ids nor groups ids. This stems from the fact that the Hurd supports uid and gid sets and one possibility is, of course, the empty -set. Rather than deny access in this case, Hurd filesystems offer a +set. Rather than deny access in this case, filesystems in the Hurd offer a forth permission triplet (i.e. rwx) which is used to determine the privileges for users with no credentials. This, however, needs to be enabled on a file by file basis. By default, the `other' permission @@ -396,9 +400,10 @@ later). ?? Why does X not work? {MB} Try `export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/X11R6/lib'. This is a linker -issue. The Hurd system wants to use `RPATH', however, Debian takes +issue. GNU/Hurd expects that `RPATH' is used, however, Debian takes certain measures to avoid this. Note that this does not cut it for suid -binaries because of security implications. +binaries because of security implications. We expect to rectify this +by using `RUNPATH', which is specified in the new ELF standard. ?? What are these strange pids `2' and `3'? @@ -508,7 +513,7 @@ to ask the translator sitting on /home to change from read-only to read/write mode. Note that the command is being sent to the filesystem and not the store (e.g. /dev/hd0s1). -?? When the Hurd crashes, GNU Mach automatically reboots. Is +?? When GNU/Hurd crashes, GNU Mach automatically reboots. Is there anyway I can make it pause so I can write down the error? {MB} Pass the `-H' option to init (add it to the boot command line), and @@ -526,13 +531,13 @@ compiled. ?? Is porting easy? -{NHW} Porting applications to the Hurd is relatively easy assuming the -application is POSIX compliant as the Hurd does its best to be a +{NHW} Porting applications to GNU/Hurd is relatively easy assuming the +application is POSIX compliant as GNU/Hurd does its best to be a conforming operating system. The most common error made by programmers is assuming the MAXPATHLEN and PATH_MAX are defined. On most operating systems this is set to a few -thousand, however, on the Hurd, there is no maximum and thus, this is +thousand, however, on GNU/Hurd, there is no maximum and thus, this is not set. The correct thing to do is to submit a patch to the upstream author that allocates memory dynamically. -- cgit v1.2.3 From d994d24a7aacb4154d417844c9bbf5b0c14ff859 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Mon, 1 Oct 2001 13:46:36 +0000 Subject: Add a question about patch format to the FAQ. --- faq.en.in | 65 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index fe91c80a..6f83b029 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -468,6 +468,13 @@ Additionally, the biggest problem is passing relative paths to passive translators. You cannot predict what the current working directory of a translator will be when it is setup as a passive translator. +?? Why can I `read()' a directory? + +{MB} It is important to understand that there is nothing special about a +directory under the Hurd, it is just another file. This fits in with +the translator concept where a translator can appear as a directory but +provide also as a file. + ? Trouble shooting ?? When the APM support in the BIOS spins down my disk drives, the @@ -595,13 +602,6 @@ at: ? Development -?? Why can I `read()' a directory? - -{MB} It is important to understand that there is nothing special about a -directory under the Hurd, it is just another file. This fits in with -the translator concept where a translator can appear as a directory but -provide also as a file. - ?? What is OSKit-Mach? {NHW} There are two versions of Mach: GNU Mach and OSKit-Mach. The @@ -641,14 +641,57 @@ for free on the Internet. Try: ?? Who do I submit patches to? -{NHW} If they are against the Hurd, Mach or MiG, send a patch in unidiff -format to the bug-hurd mailing list. For instance: - - # diff -urN hurd-orig hurd +{NHW} If they are against the Hurd, Mach or MiG, send a patch to the +bug-hurd mailing list. If they are against other packages, the Debian BTS is a good place. In this case, be sure to advise the debian-hurd mailing list of the bug. +?? In what format should patches for the Hurd and GNU Mach be? + +{MB} All patches should be sent in unified context diff format (option +`-u' to GNU diff). It is helpful for us if you also use the `-p' +option which includes information about the function changed by a +patch. Changes that are similar can be grouped together in one file, +but unrelated changes should be sent in seperate files. The patches +can be included in the message or as a MIME attachement. They should +not be compressed and/or archived unless they are very large, and if +they are very large it is probably better to store them on-line at +some place and only sent an URL. + +Write a ChangeLog entry for each change, following the format of the +existing files. Here is an example: + + 2000-12-02 Marcus Brinkmann + + * ops.c (op_readlink): Before returning, check if the buffer + pointed to by transp is ours. If not, munmap it. + (op_read): Likewise for bp. + (op_readdir): Don't alloca a buffer here. Instead initialize + BUF and BUFSIZE to 0 and let the server (eh, MiG) do it. + munmap BUF before returning. + +The file name and the name of the function changed should always be +spelled out completely, and not abbreviated or otherwise mangled (like +foo.{c,h}), because that would make searching for all changes to a +file or function impossible. Local variable names are all +capitalized. There are two spaces between sentences. You can use +``C-x 4 a'' in Emacs to add a new ChangeLog entry. If you do that +with the mark being in a function, Emacs will automatically fill in +the file and function name for you. + +Do not send in a patch for the ChangeLog file. Rather include the +ChangeLog entries in the message that contains the patch. Patches for +ChangeLog files often conflict. + +If you have the original source tree in the directory `hurd-orig', and +the modified source tree in the directory `hurd', the following +command will produce a good patch (please make sure there are no extra +files like backups in the modified tree, or leave away the option +`-N'). You will need to collect the ChangeLog entries seperately. + + # diff -x ChangeLog -Nurp hurd-orig hurd + Answers were given by: * {NHW} Neal H Walfield -- cgit v1.2.3 From e123435731bfb528a6a086d2d4f9cbe1766360ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2001 02:51:11 +0000 Subject: Incorporate changes by RMS into the faq.en.in version and regenerate the other files. --- faq.en.in | 38 +++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 6f83b029..340e3196 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -40,39 +40,47 @@ functionality that, in a monolithic kernel, they could never use, but now, because the server runs in user space as the user that started it, they may, for instance, mount an ftp filesystem in their home directory. -For more information about the design of the Hurd, read Thomas Bushnell, -BSG's paper ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'' available at: +For more information about the design of the Hurd, read the paper by +Thomas Bushnell, BSG: ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'', +available at: http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd-paper.html ?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? -{NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix Replacing -Daemons''. And Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces +{NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix-Replacing +Daemons''. Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth''. -When we are referring to the kernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it as a -proper noun. For example: ``The GNU Mach kernel uses the device drivers -found in version 2.0.x of the Linux kernel.'' +We treat ``Hurd'' as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires +an article, as in ``the Hurd''. For instance: ``The ext2 filesystem +is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach.'' Note that all of the +following are incorrect: ``Hurd'', ``HURD'', ``The HURD'', and ``the +hurd''. -When we talking about the servers, we say ``the Hurd''. For instance: -The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach. The name of -the project is ``the GNU Hurd''. Note, it is wrong to say any of the -following: ``Hurd'', ``HURD,'' ``The HURD'' or ``the hurd''. +We write ``the GNU Hurd'' instead of ``the Hurd'' when we want to +emphasize that the Hurd is a GNU package. Once this has been made +clear, we usually use the shorter form, without ``GNU''. The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system servers, but also many more programs. This system is called ``GNU'', or ``the GNU operating system''. The GNU programs can also run on other operating system kernels. We say ``GNU/Hurd'' when we want to put emphasis on the fact that this is the GNU system running on top of -the Hurd. +the Hurd, and to contrast it with the GNU/Linux system which is GNU +using Linux as the kernel. Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd''. This refers to the distribution of the GNU system as created by the Debian developers. For example: ``What do you run on your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.'' -The French have a tendency to say: ``le Hurd''. That is: masculine -singular with a leading capital. +The French generally write ``le Hurd''--that is, they treat the +name as masculine singular, capitalized as in English. + +When we are referring to the microkernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it +as a proper noun. For example: ``Mach uses the device drivers found +in version 2.0.x of Linux.'' We sometimes say ``The Mach +microkernel'' instead of just ``Mach''. ?? What mailing lists are there? @@ -468,7 +476,7 @@ Additionally, the biggest problem is passing relative paths to passive translators. You cannot predict what the current working directory of a translator will be when it is setup as a passive translator. -?? Why can I `read()' a directory? +?? Why can I `read' a directory? {MB} It is important to understand that there is nothing special about a directory under the Hurd, it is just another file. This fits in with -- cgit v1.2.3 From 168021c479e6f6697a111e77e9a9a86b4c1847e5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Thu, 3 Jan 2002 19:57:55 +0000 Subject: Fix link to hardware compatibility guide. --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 340e3196..525b5ec3 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ With respect to drivers, GNU Mach uses a subset of the drivers from the Linux 2.0.x kernel. A relatively complete hardware compatibility guide can be found at: - http://www.urbanophile.com/arenn/hacking/hurd/hurd-hardware.html + http://www.freesoftware.fsf.org/thug/gnumach_hardware.html If you run into trouble, it is most likely that: -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2eb2da8a0321db963ea10ba5c2de6020b4c8da7a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2002 00:24:06 +0000 Subject: Fix CVS entry. Reported by William Rivet. --- faq.en.in | 7 ++++--- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 525b5ec3..1ea001f8 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -571,12 +571,13 @@ to see what has been done and how you can help. {NHW} The source is stored in CVS at: - :pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvs + :pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd You do not need a password to login. The modules that you are interested -in are: `hurd', `mach' and `mig'. +in are: `hurd', `gnumach' and `mig'. -A web interface is also available at: http://subversions.gnu.org. +A web interface is also available at: +http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/hurd/ To get the source to the latest debian package, look on any debian mirror. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 12209639bf996c1c65b52916aceaa3da31489c49 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Sun, 10 Mar 2002 18:37:47 +0000 Subject: Fix link as reported by Laurent Giroud . --- faq.en.in | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 1ea001f8..8cb51986 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -132,13 +132,13 @@ the binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, several core packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have several, unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: - ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/hurd/debian. + ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/debian. Once you have a working installation, you can point apt at the archives by adding the following lines to your /etc/apt/sources.list file. For example: - deb ftp://alpha.gnu.org/pub/gnu/hurd/debian unstable main + deb ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/debian unstable main deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main As downloading all of the packages can be quite long (there is over a -- cgit v1.2.3 From e68054ec54d38e8833088e43aed385af396117f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Tue, 14 May 2002 12:38:02 +0000 Subject: Remove dead link to hurd-devel-tasks at debian.org. Reported by Grant Bowman. And many greetings to Alfred, who submitted the patch for the last changelog entry ;) --- faq.en.in | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 8cb51986..e9e564e6 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -106,7 +106,6 @@ the BTS at http://www.debian.org/Bugs. - /tasks - /TODO -- http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-devel-tasks ?? When is the next release? -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8f3109a50410cb431793beab9722d853fefc2fcc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Fri, 22 Nov 2002 11:21:52 +0000 Subject: Bump up the partition limit to 2gb. --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index e9e564e6..c32bc4a8 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ and partitions are enumerated using zero based arrays. The format is: partition on the first drive detected by the BIOS. As Grub now has tab completion, there is not a lot of guess work. -?? Can I use partitions larger than 1GB? +?? Can I use partitions larger than 2GB? {MB} No, not currently. The filesystem servers need to be changed to not map the whole store into memory, which is not too difficult. For -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1ec01255980d2b38de1fe5df27600388e481dad5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 07:18:02 +0000 Subject: URL updated. Reported by Grant Bowman . --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index c32bc4a8..181694e0 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ With respect to drivers, GNU Mach uses a subset of the drivers from the Linux 2.0.x kernel. A relatively complete hardware compatibility guide can be found at: - http://www.freesoftware.fsf.org/thug/gnumach_hardware.html + http://www.nongnu.org/thug/gnumach_hardware.html If you run into trouble, it is most likely that: -- cgit v1.2.3 From 053e9b6f956f0087fbdb5184a28a591ce5fadcce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Sat, 9 Oct 2004 17:26:01 +0000 Subject: Updated "Where do I submit bug reports?" to point to the Savannah Bug Tracker. And added Alfred M. Szmidt to the list of people who have given a answer to a question. --- faq.en.in | 6 ++++-- 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 181694e0..2dfdbcac 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ Subscribe in the usual manner. ?? Where do I submit bug reports? -{NHW} Use the Debian bug tracking system. You can find out more about -the BTS at http://www.debian.org/Bugs. +{AMS} Either send the bug report as an email to bug-hurd@gnu.org, or +use the Savannah Bug Tracker at +http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. ?? Is there a TODO list? @@ -704,5 +705,6 @@ files like backups in the modified tree, or leave away the option Answers were given by: * {NHW} Neal H Walfield * {MB} Marcus Brinkmann +* {AMS} Alfred M. Szmidt vim:ts=8:sw=8:tw=72 -- cgit v1.2.3 From b301d7953f9fc67eccc718a94e2ffdf444021d43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Sat, 9 Oct 2004 18:18:31 +0000 Subject: Fixed typo where a literal question mark was used instead of the HTML code for it. Literal question marks are used for chapter headings. --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 2dfdbcac..c5488163 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Subscribe in the usual manner. {AMS} Either send the bug report as an email to bug-hurd@gnu.org, or use the Savannah Bug Tracker at -http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. +http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. ?? Is there a TODO list? -- cgit v1.2.3 From b9776e7e094e33b4f2982d9b5ab7e61fd752aff7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Mon, 11 Oct 2004 08:14:53 +0000 Subject: Last change reverted. --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index c5488163..2dfdbcac 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Subscribe in the usual manner. {AMS} Either send the bug report as an email to bug-hurd@gnu.org, or use the Savannah Bug Tracker at -http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. +http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. ?? Is there a TODO list? -- cgit v1.2.3 From ee5476f0cdf8180e9aba8d1228fbdfb9171c8ab9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Thu, 6 Jan 2005 23:31:30 +0000 Subject: Updated. --- faq.en.in | 89 ++++++++++++--------------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 72 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 2dfdbcac..f694d328 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -127,32 +127,19 @@ implemented. ?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? -{NHW} As GNU/Hurd is an official unstable Debian port, you can find -the binaries at your local Debian mirror. There are, however, several -core packages that do not compile cleanly from source and have -several, unfortunate, hacks. These can be found at: +{AMS} Instructions on how to download and install Debian GNU/Hurd are +available at http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/ - ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/debian. - -Once you have a working installation, you can point apt at the archives -by adding the following lines to your /etc/apt/sources.list file. For -example: - - deb ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/debian unstable main - deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main - -As downloading all of the packages can be quite long (there is over a -gigabyte of files), Philip Charles has created Debian GNU/Hurd CDs. -Vendors can be found at the following site: - - http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-cd +Debian GNU/Hurd can also be installed using a CD, information about it +can be found at the following site: +http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-cd ?? How do I install Debian GNU/Hurd? {NHW} Consult one of the installation guides. The most up to date guide can be found at: - http://web.walfield.org/papers/hurd-installation-guide/ + http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install ?? What kind of hardware is supported? @@ -298,11 +285,6 @@ Don't forget to fill in `/etc/resolv.conf', `/etc/hosts', etc. Of course, you only need to do this if the installation routine didn't do it for you. -?? How can I pass options to `serverboot'? - -{MB} Give them to the kernel (i.e. on the GRUB command line) and it will -pass them down to `serverboot' automatically. - ?? Can I use the GNU/Linux version of `e2fsck' on a GNU/Hurd partition? {MB} Yes, at least since `e2fsprogs-1.05'. Check this with `e2fsck -V' @@ -356,7 +338,7 @@ prompt. {NHW} Take a look at: - ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/hurd/contrib/marcus/keymap.tar.gz + http://www.xs4all.nl/~mgerards/xkb8.tar.gz ?? How do I enable color on the console? @@ -367,36 +349,12 @@ terminal to `mach-color'. For instance: ?? How can I enable virtual consoles? -{NHW} There is currently no support for virtual consoles. You can, -however, use `screen'. It is much more flexible anyway. - -Kalle Olavi Niemitalo began working on colortext. -His aim was to provide a featureful program that multiplexes the console -in userspace by reading from the /dev/kdb device. Check: - - http://stekt.oulu.fi/~tosi/ - -{MB} Here are some useful options to add to your ~/.screenrc file to get -it to emulate Linux virtual terminals a bit more closely: - - bindkey ^[O0 select 0 - bindkey ^[O1 select 1 - bindkey ^[O2 select 2 - bindkey ^[O3 select 3 - bindkey ^[O4 select 4 - bindkey ^[O5 select 5 - bindkey ^[O6 select 6 - bindkey ^[O7 select 7 - bindkey ^[O8 select 8 - bindkey ^[O9 select 9 - - # Unfortunately, Mach ignores modifiers on Cursor keys. This can be - # fixed, however, for now, we shall just use other keys to move back, - # and forth. - # ^[, is ALT and "," - # ^[. is ALT and "." - bindkey ^[, prev - bindkey ^[. next +{AMS} This can be done by running the following command: + + console -d vga -d pc_kbd -d generic_speaker /dev/vcs + +If something went wrong, or if you just wish to exit the Hurd console +then hitting C-A- will exit it. ?? What is the status of X? @@ -442,12 +400,6 @@ Instead of `free', use `vmstat' and `vminfo'. For kernel messages, read `/dev/klog' directly. Note, once you read this, it is gone forever. -{NHW} `ifconfig' does not exist. Try: - - # /hurd/pfinet --help - -As for dhcp, take a look at hurd/trans/pump.c; this is the start of a -dhcp client for the Hurd. ?? Is there a `/proc' filesystem? @@ -569,18 +521,11 @@ to see what has been done and how you can help. ?? Where can I get the source? -{NHW} The source is stored in CVS at: - - :pserver:anoncvs@subversions.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd - -You do not need a password to login. The modules that you are interested -in are: `hurd', `gnumach' and `mig'. - -A web interface is also available at: -http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/hurd/ +{AMS} Instructions on how to download the CVS tree from Savanah are +avaiable at https://savannah.gnu.org/cvs/?group=hurd -To get the source to the latest debian package, look on any debian -mirror. +{NHW} To get the source to the latest debian package, look on any +debian mirror. ?? Can I cross compile? -- cgit v1.2.3 From 5230bba4699289b1edd058bc46f59b6dac21f97e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Fri, 21 Jan 2005 15:42:32 +0000 Subject: Added `Why is there no information on the official website about the Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)?' from Ognyan Kulev. --- faq.en.in | 19 ++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index f694d328..1d2e2747 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -123,6 +123,22 @@ think that we have found a more flexible solution called shadow filesystems. Unfortunately, support for shadowed filesystems is not yet implemented. +?? Why is there no information on the official website + about the Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)? + +{OK} There is an ongoing effort to port the Hurd to the L4 microkernel +family. This will take time and the port is not in a releasable state +-- this is why there is no information about the L4 port on the +website for the Hurd project other +than this FAQ entry. + +The development of Hurd/L4 is being done in the `hurd-l4' module of +the Hurd CVS repository. The `doc' directory contains a design +document that is worth reading for anyone who wishes to learn more +about Hurd/L4. If you wish to follow the development or contribute +patches to Hurd/L4, please subscribe to the l4-hurd@gnu.org mailing +list . + ? Installation ?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? @@ -647,9 +663,10 @@ files like backups in the modified tree, or leave away the option # diff -x ChangeLog -Nurp hurd-orig hurd -Answers were given by: +Answers were given by (in chronological order): * {NHW} Neal H Walfield * {MB} Marcus Brinkmann * {AMS} Alfred M. Szmidt +* {OK} Ognyan Kulev vim:ts=8:sw=8:tw=72 -- cgit v1.2.3 From 7bb23a08b65fd27450bc5c9c56af6dd0361f4870 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Fri, 21 Jan 2005 15:50:31 +0000 Subject: Updated several entries based on patch from Frédéric Henry and Manuel Menal. Fix Alfred's mailing address to point to `ams@gnu.org'. MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- faq.en.in | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------- 1 file changed, 54 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 1d2e2747..0d4b0779 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ most obvious examples of these are the TCP/IP stack, the ext2 filesystem and NFS. In the case of the Hurd, users now have access to functionality that, in a monolithic kernel, they could never use, but now, because the server runs in user space as the user that started it, -they may, for instance, mount an ftp filesystem in their home directory. +they may, for instance, mount an FTP filesystem in their home directory. For more information about the design of the Hurd, read the paper by Thomas Bushnell, BSG: ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'', @@ -115,13 +115,14 @@ try it and help us get there. ?? Why is `/usr' a symbolic link to `.'? -{MB} The distinction between `/' and `/usr' has historical reasons. +{MB,FH} The distinction between `/' and `/usr' has historical reasons. Back when Unix systems were booted from two tapes, a small root tape and a big user tape. Today, we like to use different partitions for these two spaces. The Hurd throws this historical garbage away. We -think that we have found a more flexible solution called shadow -filesystems. Unfortunately, support for shadowed filesystems is not yet -implemented. +think that we have found a more flexible solution called union +filesystems, which allow to create virtual filesystems which are the +union of several other filesystems. However, support for union +filesystems is still in early development. ?? Why is there no information on the official website about the Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)? @@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ but still doable. ?? Can I share swap space between GNU/Linux and GNU/Hurd? -{NHW} Yes. The default pager recognizes and respects Linux swap +{NHW} Yes. The default pager recognises and respects Linux swap partitions. It will also swap to a raw partition, i.e. anything that it does not recognize as Linux swap. Therefore: BE CAREFUL. @@ -317,14 +318,21 @@ about translators. ?? Where is the documentation? -{NHW} There are neither man pages nor info nodes for the Hurd translators -and commands. Documentation lives inside of the binaries and can be -found by passing the `--help' option to a given command. For instance: +{NHW,MM} There are neither man pages nor info nodes for the Hurd +translators and commands. Documentation lives inside of the binaries +and can be found by passing the `--help' option to a given command. +For instance: # /hurd/ext2fs --help will tell you what types of options the ext2fs translator accepts. +The GNU/Hurd User's Guide and the GNU Hurd Reference Manual both +provide some help about the usage of and concepts behind the GNU Hurd. +You can find them, among others, at: + + http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/docs.html + ?? What is a translator? {MB} There is a text about translators available at: @@ -352,10 +360,19 @@ prompt. ?? How do I use non-US keyboard bindings? -{NHW} Take a look at: +{NHW,FH} Take a look at: http://www.xs4all.nl/~mgerards/xkb8.tar.gz +If you want a Debian package, you can add to your +'etc/apt/sources.list' + + deb http://debian.duckcorp.org/unstable/binary-hurd-i386/ ./ + +and then run + + apt-get install console-driver-xkb. + ?? How do I enable color on the console? {NHW} If you are using the GNU Mach microkernel, you can set your @@ -394,7 +411,9 @@ filesystem. ?? Why does `ps aux' give me strange output? -{MB} Try `ps Aux'. +{MB,MM} Try `ps Aux'. Indeed, under GNU/Hurd, `ps aux' doesn't list +all processes: it omits the session and group leaders, and the +processes without parent. ?? I have a hung process that I want to kill, however, `ps' is now hanging too. @@ -482,6 +501,17 @@ happens. Thomas explains: If you can reproduce this error message, please report it. +?? What does ``computer bought the farm'' mean ? + +{FH} This message is the text that corresponds to the errno code +`EIEIO'. Roland McGrath explains: + + That message is not output by any particular servers at + particular times; rather it is the perror text for the errno + code EIEIO, which is returned by various RPCs and functions + for a variety of "hopeless" error conditions. + + ?? What does ``/dev/hd0s1: MOUNTED READ-ONLY; MUST USE `fsysopts --writable''' mean? @@ -574,13 +604,17 @@ at: ?? What is OSKit-Mach? -{NHW} There are two versions of Mach: GNU Mach and OSKit-Mach. The -former uses the drivers from Linux 2.0.x while the latter uses the -University of Utah's OSKit. If all goes well, OSKit-Mach will be -stabilized and become the official kernel. You can find out more about -the OSKit at: +{NHW,FH} There are two versions of GNU Mac that are in use: GNU Mach +1.x and GNU Mach 2.x, formerly known as OSKit-Mach. The former uses +the drivers from Linux 2.0.x while the latter uses the University of +Utah's OSKit library for drivers. You can find out more about the +OSKit library at: + + http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/oskit - http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/oskit +GNU Mach 2.x is usable, but some things are still missing or not +working, like the serial port and scsi drivers. This is why GNU Mach +2.0 hasn't released yet and the two versions coexist. ?? Where is the documentation? @@ -666,7 +700,9 @@ files like backups in the modified tree, or leave away the option Answers were given by (in chronological order): * {NHW} Neal H Walfield * {MB} Marcus Brinkmann -* {AMS} Alfred M. Szmidt +* {AMS} Alfred M. Szmidt * {OK} Ognyan Kulev +* {FH} Frédéric Henry +* {MM} Manuel Menal vim:ts=8:sw=8:tw=72 -- cgit v1.2.3 From 65441c1b3a830eabd50f5697bcc51347b8a26fa4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Alfred M. Szmidt" Date: Sun, 1 May 2005 06:30:07 +0000 Subject: Added the FAQ, "There is so much spam in GNU mailing lists! Why?". Patch by Ognyan Kulev. --- faq.en.in | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 0d4b0779..e94859e1 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -140,6 +140,16 @@ about Hurd/L4. If you wish to follow the development or contribute patches to Hurd/L4, please subscribe to the l4-hurd@gnu.org mailing list . +?? There is so much spam in GNU mailing lists! Why? + +{OK} GNU mailing lists don't have spam filters so that anyone can post +to mailing lists and mail won't get lost. It's expected that +subscribers have their own spam filtering. + +Please don't raise this topic in Hurd mailing lists -- it's off-topic +issue. Search mailing lists archives for threads about spam in Hurd +mailing lists. + ? Installation ?? Where do I get Debian GNU/Hurd? -- cgit v1.2.3 From eb7226ecefac95de4c51d20265a17f7ece190ae1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marcus Brinkmann Date: Tue, 12 Jul 2005 09:54:54 +0000 Subject: Fix typo. --- faq.en.in | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index e94859e1..16b22529 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ Read this and ask further questions on the mailing lists. neither user ids nor groups ids. This stems from the fact that the Hurd supports uid and gid sets and one possibility is, of course, the empty set. Rather than deny access in this case, filesystems in the Hurd offer a -forth permission triplet (i.e. rwx) which is used to determine the +fourth permission triplet (i.e. rwx) which is used to determine the privileges for users with no credentials. This, however, needs to be enabled on a file by file basis. By default, the `other' permission triplet is used. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 02a956a1284e8869f92ffcb1ce5c4270576f121d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 16:29:11 +0200 Subject: Add copyright and license header. --- hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn index 1d0401f5..f4b607bf 100644 --- a/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn +++ b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,13 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + [[meta title="Debian GNU/Hurd FAQ"]] See also the [[Hurd_FAQ|hurd/FAQ]] and [[after_install]]. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 906ab2bbca3c3fb29a8a4efe4fbb21746fe51bb0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:06:41 +0200 Subject: Stub page. --- hurd/documentation.mdwn | 13 +++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+) create mode 100644 hurd/documentation.mdwn diff --git a/hurd/documentation.mdwn b/hurd/documentation.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4d431b0b --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/documentation.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + + * [[FAQ]] + + * -- cgit v1.2.3 From 32c79b63c07cba227c116e23bf8b9e2b8c325fd5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:08:07 +0200 Subject: hurd/faq: New FAQ infrastructure. --- hurd.mdwn | 1 + hurd/faq.mdwn | 62 ++++++++++++++----------------------------------- hurd/faq/old-stuff.mdwn | 45 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 45 deletions(-) create mode 100644 hurd/faq/old-stuff.mdwn diff --git a/hurd.mdwn b/hurd.mdwn index 1edf4d55..65293498 100644 --- a/hurd.mdwn +++ b/hurd.mdwn @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ * [[SeenHurd]] - Media references * [[Shopping]] - Hurd Gear * [[FunnyHurd]] - From a different Herd +* [[FAQ]] # Understanding diff --git a/hurd/faq.mdwn b/hurd/faq.mdwn index 6bb6f55f..aab538d9 100644 --- a/hurd/faq.mdwn +++ b/hurd/faq.mdwn @@ -1,45 +1,17 @@ -In addition to the [general FAQ](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/docs.html#TOCfaq) there are the following typical newbie questions. (There is an [updated version](http://tuxou.ouvaton.org/hurd/) which is not official yet.) - -If you still have problems, do not hesitate to make use of the [[mailing_lists]] or the [[IRC]]. - -* **_You say GNU, don't you mean GNU/Hurd?_** - * Yes and no. GNU refers to the system as a whole, while GNU/Hurd is more specific, saying that it is the GNU system running on the Hurd -- to differentiate it from the GNU system running on Linux, GNU/Linux. Also see [[GNU/GnuNames]] - -* **_What editor can I use?_** - * `nano` is the default editor on a fresh install, not `ae`. - -* **_Why can't I get the answers I need from Hurd hackers?_** - * This [document](http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html) may help you understand some developers attitudes and social norms. - -* **_Where are the virtual consoles I use when running GNU/Linux?_** - * You need to [use screen](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq.en.html#q4-6) instead, also available when running GNU/Linux. - * The [new console](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/2002/debian-hurd-200209/msg00054.html) by Marcus Brinkmann could also be used. It supports the Alt-Fn keys for switching like in GNU/Linux. NOTE: that message has an error in the configuration steps, it says `/dev/vts` when it means `/dev/vcs`. A more up-to-date howto is [[console]]. - -* **_What is a translator?_** - * The official FAQ [answers](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq.en.html#q4-2) this question by a reference to [hurd-doc-translator](http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-doc-translator). - -* **_Where's the sauce?_** - * It's on [Savannah](http://savannah.gnu.org). See also the [GNU Development Resources](http://www.gnu.org/software/devel.html), for more information. - -* **_What is this "libio" stuff?_** - * There was an ABI change for glibc0.3. It's recommended you reinstall your GNU/Hurd system if you run a system installed before the summer of 2002. This is a similar cause for the various Linux distributions who changed from libc5 to libc6 or glibc2 around 1998. - -* **_What is GNU Mach vs. oskit-mach?_** - * These are different versions of the Mach microkernel that supports the Hurd that runs on top of it. For more info, see [[Mach]] - -* **_What software is available for GNU?_** - * Most packages from [Debian](http://www.debian.org/) [GNU/Linux](http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html) which aren't linux-specific ([Packages That Won't Be Ported](http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-devel-debian)) are expected to work on GNU/Hurd too. See the database in . Programs which need pthreads, including [GNOME](http://www.gnome.org), [KDE](http://www.kde.org), [Mozilla](http://www.mozilla.org), [OpenOffice](http://www.openoffice.org), [SDL](http://www.libsdl.org), etc. are being worked on currently using Neal Walfields libpthreads. See the [[Distrib/PortingIssues]] document for some common build problems and their solutions. - * If you can't fetch a package with "apt-get install ", try building it from source: "apt-get source && cd <package\_dir> && debian/rules binary". - * As of January 2007, 50% of Debian packages have been ported on the Hurd. Of course, bug testing is welcome. - -* **_How do I initialize a serial console on the Hurd?_** - * You can try out the Serial Howto at - * For a real serial console at boot time you need to rebuild your GNUmach 1.x kernel. For more info see the Utah release notes at [http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4-i386/html/mach4-UK22.html#serial\_console](http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4-i386/html/mach4-UK22.html#serial_console) - -* **_Will GNU work in Vmware?_** - * It's highly recommended and easier to get a full image for Bochs. See [[Distrib]] - * It didn't use to, [Hurd bootstrap fails](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/2002/debian-hurd-200207/msg00069.html). Vmware is not [free software](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) and it is [[Distrib/VmWare]]. We recommend to use [free](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) alternatives, like [[Distrib/BochsEmulator]]. - * A faster, more widespread and [free](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) recent alternative is [QEMU][[running/QEMU]]. You can find more informations on [[running/QEMU]]. - * If someone prefers using VMWare: - * It works with VMWare Workstation 4.0.5 build-6030. - * Running Debian GNU/HURD in VMWare works for me -- [[Main/MichaelAblassmeier]] - 03 Mar 2004 +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="GNU Hurd FAQ"]] + +[[inline +pages="hurd/faq/* and !*/discussion" +show=0 +actions=yes +rootpage="hurd/faq" postformtext="Add a new item titled:"]] diff --git a/hurd/faq/old-stuff.mdwn b/hurd/faq/old-stuff.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6bb6f55f --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/faq/old-stuff.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +In addition to the [general FAQ](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/docs.html#TOCfaq) there are the following typical newbie questions. (There is an [updated version](http://tuxou.ouvaton.org/hurd/) which is not official yet.) + +If you still have problems, do not hesitate to make use of the [[mailing_lists]] or the [[IRC]]. + +* **_You say GNU, don't you mean GNU/Hurd?_** + * Yes and no. GNU refers to the system as a whole, while GNU/Hurd is more specific, saying that it is the GNU system running on the Hurd -- to differentiate it from the GNU system running on Linux, GNU/Linux. Also see [[GNU/GnuNames]] + +* **_What editor can I use?_** + * `nano` is the default editor on a fresh install, not `ae`. + +* **_Why can't I get the answers I need from Hurd hackers?_** + * This [document](http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html) may help you understand some developers attitudes and social norms. + +* **_Where are the virtual consoles I use when running GNU/Linux?_** + * You need to [use screen](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq.en.html#q4-6) instead, also available when running GNU/Linux. + * The [new console](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/2002/debian-hurd-200209/msg00054.html) by Marcus Brinkmann could also be used. It supports the Alt-Fn keys for switching like in GNU/Linux. NOTE: that message has an error in the configuration steps, it says `/dev/vts` when it means `/dev/vcs`. A more up-to-date howto is [[console]]. + +* **_What is a translator?_** + * The official FAQ [answers](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/faq.en.html#q4-2) this question by a reference to [hurd-doc-translator](http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-doc-translator). + +* **_Where's the sauce?_** + * It's on [Savannah](http://savannah.gnu.org). See also the [GNU Development Resources](http://www.gnu.org/software/devel.html), for more information. + +* **_What is this "libio" stuff?_** + * There was an ABI change for glibc0.3. It's recommended you reinstall your GNU/Hurd system if you run a system installed before the summer of 2002. This is a similar cause for the various Linux distributions who changed from libc5 to libc6 or glibc2 around 1998. + +* **_What is GNU Mach vs. oskit-mach?_** + * These are different versions of the Mach microkernel that supports the Hurd that runs on top of it. For more info, see [[Mach]] + +* **_What software is available for GNU?_** + * Most packages from [Debian](http://www.debian.org/) [GNU/Linux](http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html) which aren't linux-specific ([Packages That Won't Be Ported](http://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-devel-debian)) are expected to work on GNU/Hurd too. See the database in . Programs which need pthreads, including [GNOME](http://www.gnome.org), [KDE](http://www.kde.org), [Mozilla](http://www.mozilla.org), [OpenOffice](http://www.openoffice.org), [SDL](http://www.libsdl.org), etc. are being worked on currently using Neal Walfields libpthreads. See the [[Distrib/PortingIssues]] document for some common build problems and their solutions. + * If you can't fetch a package with "apt-get install ", try building it from source: "apt-get source && cd <package\_dir> && debian/rules binary". + * As of January 2007, 50% of Debian packages have been ported on the Hurd. Of course, bug testing is welcome. + +* **_How do I initialize a serial console on the Hurd?_** + * You can try out the Serial Howto at + * For a real serial console at boot time you need to rebuild your GNUmach 1.x kernel. For more info see the Utah release notes at [http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4-i386/html/mach4-UK22.html#serial\_console](http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4-i386/html/mach4-UK22.html#serial_console) + +* **_Will GNU work in Vmware?_** + * It's highly recommended and easier to get a full image for Bochs. See [[Distrib]] + * It didn't use to, [Hurd bootstrap fails](http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/2002/debian-hurd-200207/msg00069.html). Vmware is not [free software](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) and it is [[Distrib/VmWare]]. We recommend to use [free](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) alternatives, like [[Distrib/BochsEmulator]]. + * A faster, more widespread and [free](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html) recent alternative is [QEMU][[running/QEMU]]. You can find more informations on [[running/QEMU]]. + * If someone prefers using VMWare: + * It works with VMWare Workstation 4.0.5 build-6030. + * Running Debian GNU/HURD in VMWare works for me -- [[Main/MichaelAblassmeier]] - 03 Mar 2004 -- cgit v1.2.3 From 8a07f5c259ef2a93d976ef02096b4ac89323ca05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 16:43:41 +0200 Subject: microkernel/faq: New FAQ infrastructure. --- microkernel.mdwn | 2 ++ microkernel/faq.mdwn | 17 +++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+) create mode 100644 microkernel/faq.mdwn diff --git a/microkernel.mdwn b/microkernel.mdwn index 2670c78a..82c6368c 100644 --- a/microkernel.mdwn +++ b/microkernel.mdwn @@ -30,4 +30,6 @@ An [introduction](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/People/ulfar/ukernel/ukernel.ht A 2002 article about [[microkernel_FUD|FUD]] (Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt). +[[FAQ]]. + [[Mach]]. diff --git a/microkernel/faq.mdwn b/microkernel/faq.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0e129095 --- /dev/null +++ b/microkernel/faq.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title=Microkernel FAQ"]] + +[[inline +pages="microkernel/faq/* and !*/discussion" +show=0 +actions=yes +rootpage=microkernel/faq" postformtext="Add a new item titled:"]] -- cgit v1.2.3 From fe223de474375f8a306ad33d3d5e755de1cb5c6e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 16:43:52 +0200 Subject: microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel: Split out of faq.en.in. --- faq.en.in | 19 ------------------- microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel.mdwn | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-) create mode 100644 microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel.mdwn diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 16b22529..a9c1e436 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -27,25 +27,6 @@ license is included in the file COPYRIGHT. ? Generally Speaking -?? What is a Multiserver Microkernel? - -{NHW} A Microkernel has nothing to do with the size of the kernel. -Rather, it refers to the functionality that the kernel provides. It is -generally agreed that this is; a set of interfaces to allow processes to -communicate and a way to talk to the hardware. ``Software drivers,'' as -I like to call them, are then implemented in user space as servers. The -most obvious examples of these are the TCP/IP stack, the ext2 filesystem -and NFS. In the case of the Hurd, users now have access to -functionality that, in a monolithic kernel, they could never use, but -now, because the server runs in user space as the user that started it, -they may, for instance, mount an FTP filesystem in their home directory. - -For more information about the design of the Hurd, read the paper by -Thomas Bushnell, BSG: ``Towards a new strategy on OS design'', -available at: - - http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd-paper.html - ?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? {NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix-Replacing diff --git a/microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel.mdwn b/microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..da690425 --- /dev/null +++ b/microkernel/faq/multiserver_microkernel.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008 Free Software +Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="What is a Multiserver Microkernel?"]] + +A Microkernel has nothing to do with the size of the kernel. Rather, it refers +to the functionality that the kernel provides. It is generally agreed that +this is; a set of interfaces to allow processes to communicate and a way to +talk to the hardware. *Software drivers*, as we like to call them, are then +implemented in user space as servers. The most obvious examples of these are +the TCP/IP stack, the ext2 filesystem and NFS. In the case of the Hurd, users +now have access to functionality that, in a monolithic kernel, they could never +use, but now, because the server runs in user space as the user that started +it, they may, for instance, mount an FTP filesystem in their home directory. + +For more information about the design of the Hurd, read the paper by Thomas +Bushnell, BSG: [Towards a new strategy on OS +design](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd-paper.html). -- cgit v1.2.3 From 09b287224a299301f00850bd91479413fa178519 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:27:53 +0200 Subject: hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking: Split out of faq.en.in. --- faq.en.in | 36 ------------------------------- hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 42 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) create mode 100644 hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index a9c1e436..86605132 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -27,42 +27,6 @@ license is included in the file COPYRIGHT. ? Generally Speaking -?? Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd? - -{NHW} ``Hurd'', as an acronym, stands for ``Hird of Unix-Replacing -Daemons''. Hird, in turn, stands for ``Hurd of Interfaces -Representing Depth''. - -We treat ``Hurd'' as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires -an article, as in ``the Hurd''. For instance: ``The ext2 filesystem -is provided by the Hurd, not by Mach.'' Note that all of the -following are incorrect: ``Hurd'', ``HURD'', ``The HURD'', and ``the -hurd''. - -We write ``the GNU Hurd'' instead of ``the Hurd'' when we want to -emphasize that the Hurd is a GNU package. Once this has been made -clear, we usually use the shorter form, without ``GNU''. - -The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system -servers, but also many more programs. This system is called ``GNU'', -or ``the GNU operating system''. The GNU programs can also run on -other operating system kernels. We say ``GNU/Hurd'' when we want to -put emphasis on the fact that this is the GNU system running on top of -the Hurd, and to contrast it with the GNU/Linux system which is GNU -using Linux as the kernel. - -Finally, there is ``Debian GNU/Hurd''. This refers to the distribution -of the GNU system as created by the Debian developers. For example: -``What do you run on your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.'' - -The French generally write ``le Hurd''--that is, they treat the -name as masculine singular, capitalized as in English. - -When we are referring to the microkernel, we say ``Mach'' and use it -as a proper noun. For example: ``Mach uses the device drivers found -in version 2.0.x of Linux.'' We sometimes say ``The Mach -microkernel'' instead of just ``Mach''. - ?? What mailing lists are there? {NHW} There are four principle mailing lists: diff --git a/hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn b/hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f6073376 --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008 Free Software +Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd?"]] + +*Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons*. *Hird*, in +turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*. + +We treat *Hurd* as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires an +article, as in *the Hurd*. For instance: *The ext2 filesystem is provided by +the Hurd, not by Mach.* Note that all of the following are incorrect: *Hurd*, +*HURD*, *The HURD*, and *the hurd*. + +We write *the GNU Hurd* instead of *the Hurd* when we want to emphasize that +the Hurd is a GNU package. Once this has been made clear, we usually use the +shorter form, without *GNU*. + +The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system servers, +but also many more programs. This system is called *GNU*, or *the GNU +operating system*. The GNU programs can also run on other operating system +kernels. We say *GNU/Hurd* when we want to put emphasis on the fact that this +is the GNU system running on top of the Hurd, and to contrast it with the +GNU/Linux system which is GNU using Linux as the kernel. + +Finally, there is *Debian GNU/Hurd*. This refers to the distribution of the GNU +system as created by the Debian developers. For example: *What do you run on +your laptop? Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.* + +The French generally write *le Hurd*--that is, they treat the name as masculine +singular, capitalized as in English. + +When we are referring to the microkernel, we say *Mach* and use it as a proper +noun. For example: *Mach uses the device drivers found in version 2.0.x of +Linux.* We sometimes say *the Mach microkernel* instead of just *Mach*. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 01e4b0bde809191192aaafe406ef276d3f3f7e7a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:31:27 +0200 Subject: hurd/faq/release: Direct to the status page. Remove corresponding part of faq.en.in. --- faq.en.in | 5 ----- hurd/faq/release.mdwn | 15 +++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) create mode 100644 hurd/faq/release.mdwn diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index 86605132..fbf2c806 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -53,11 +53,6 @@ http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. - /tasks - /TODO -?? When is the next release? - -{NHW} No one seems to know. However, the Hurd is definitely runnable, -try it and help us get there. - ?? Why is `/usr' a symbolic link to `.'? {MB,FH} The distinction between `/' and `/usr' has historical reasons. diff --git a/hurd/faq/release.mdwn b/hurd/faq/release.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c93ba353 --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/faq/release.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="When will the Hurd be released?"]] + +Next year. + +Save that, read about the Hurd's [[status]]. -- cgit v1.2.3 From b8532342d74521e43748548864dc903672008921 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:36:56 +0200 Subject: hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink: Split out of faq.en.in. --- faq.en.in | 11 ----------- hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink.mdwn | 20 ++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) create mode 100644 hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink.mdwn diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index fbf2c806..c673a0df 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -53,17 +53,6 @@ http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. - /tasks - /TODO -?? Why is `/usr' a symbolic link to `.'? - -{MB,FH} The distinction between `/' and `/usr' has historical reasons. -Back when Unix systems were booted from two tapes, a small root tape -and a big user tape. Today, we like to use different partitions for -these two spaces. The Hurd throws this historical garbage away. We -think that we have found a more flexible solution called union -filesystems, which allow to create virtual filesystems which are the -union of several other filesystems. However, support for union -filesystems is still in early development. - ?? Why is there no information on the official website about the Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)? diff --git a/hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink.mdwn b/hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d78913fb --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/faq/slash_usr_symlink.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008 Free Software +Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="Why is `/usr' a symbolic link to `.'?"]] + +The distinction between `/` and `/usr` has historical reasons. Back when Unix +systems were booted from two tapes, a small root tape and a big user tape. +Today, we like to use different partitions for these two spaces. The Hurd +throws this historical garbage away. We think that we have found a more +flexible solution called union filesystems, which allow to create virtual +filesystems which are the union of several other filesystems. However, support +for union filesystems is still in early development. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1bfda7ba08f7e941d9f7f28f83268b05362faaa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 17:39:12 +0200 Subject: hurd/faq/l4: Split out of faq.en.in. --- faq.en.in | 16 ---------------- hurd/faq/l4.mdwn | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-) create mode 100644 hurd/faq/l4.mdwn diff --git a/faq.en.in b/faq.en.in index c673a0df..ef8c97ac 100644 --- a/faq.en.in +++ b/faq.en.in @@ -53,22 +53,6 @@ http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=hurd. - /tasks - /TODO -?? Why is there no information on the official website - about the Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)? - -{OK} There is an ongoing effort to port the Hurd to the L4 microkernel -family. This will take time and the port is not in a releasable state --- this is why there is no information about the L4 port on the -website for the Hurd project other -than this FAQ entry. - -The development of Hurd/L4 is being done in the `hurd-l4' module of -the Hurd CVS repository. The `doc' directory contains a design -document that is worth reading for anyone who wishes to learn more -about Hurd/L4. If you wish to follow the development or contribute -patches to Hurd/L4, please subscribe to the l4-hurd@gnu.org mailing -list . - ?? There is so much spam in GNU mailing lists! Why? {OK} GNU mailing lists don't have spam filters so that anyone can post diff --git a/hurd/faq/l4.mdwn b/hurd/faq/l4.mdwn new file mode 100644 index 00000000..185c713a --- /dev/null +++ b/hurd/faq/l4.mdwn @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008 Free Software +Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + +[[meta title="Why is there no information on the official website about the +Hurd port to L4 (Hurd/L4)?"]] + +There is an ongoing effort to port the Hurd to the L4 microkernel family. This +will take time and the port is not in a releasable state -- this is why there +is no information about the L4 port on the website for the Hurd project + other than this FAQ entry. + +The development of Hurd/L4 is being done in the `hurd-l4` module of the Hurd +CVS repository. The `doc` directory contains a design document that is worth +reading for anyone who wishes to learn more about Hurd/L4. If you wish to +follow the development or contribute patches to Hurd/L4, please subscribe to +the [[mailing_lists/l4-hurd]] mailing list. -- cgit v1.2.3 From e8e5e8220bc6b3399a0662bb7e19a2a20a7deecf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Wed, 16 Jul 2008 08:15:05 +0000 Subject: web commit by tschwinge: Test web-commit. --- community/weblogs.mdwn | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/community/weblogs.mdwn b/community/weblogs.mdwn index 0e721a5e..016c483f 100644 --- a/community/weblogs.mdwn +++ b/community/weblogs.mdwn @@ -15,4 +15,3 @@ pages="community/weblogs/*/* and !*/discussion" show=0 actions=no rootpage="community/weblogs" postformtext="Add a new user named:"]] - -- cgit v1.2.3 From 1c011a2c939283e4ab4465da7f2bc6448ca4e568 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 16:29:11 +0200 Subject: Add copyright and license header. --- hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn | 10 ++++++++++ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+) diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn index 1d0401f5..f4b607bf 100644 --- a/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn +++ b/hurd/running/debian/faq.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,13 @@ +[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] + +[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable +id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this +document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or +any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant +Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license +is included in the section entitled +[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]] + [[meta title="Debian GNU/Hurd FAQ"]] See also the [[Hurd_FAQ|hurd/FAQ]] and [[after_install]]. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 3013ad73fac088b2268611c5ca2ac0a46e21dad9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Mon, 14 Jul 2008 11:16:27 +0200 Subject: This overriding is no longer needed. --- local.css | 14 +------------- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 13 deletions(-) diff --git a/local.css b/local.css index ce1d9fbf..d38aec12 100644 --- a/local.css +++ b/local.css @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ /* ikiwiki local style sheet - Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Copyright © 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later @@ -61,18 +61,6 @@ h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, table, p, ol, ul, li, div, pre, hr clear: left; } -/* Override `style.css'. TODO. Is this really what we want to do? This - avoids displaying oddities in the Debian FAQ, where the second item from the - top would be shifted towards the bottom, because of the first item's date, - copyright and license lines being rendered below the bottom corner of the - sidebar. */ -.pagedate, -.pagecopyright, -.pagelicense -{ - clear: none; -} - /* Format these elements table-like with the background of the upper element shinig through between the cells. TODO. This is currently achieved with ``border: white''. */ -- cgit v1.2.3 From 79016f7d8228c6d1fb00b76613f6ef8deff8293d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2008 12:54:29 +0000 Subject: web commit by scolobb --- community/scolobb.mdwn | 53 +++++++++++++------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/scolobb.mdwn b/community/scolobb.mdwn index 8abc4646..2990f5e1 100644 --- a/community/scolobb.mdwn +++ b/community/scolobb.mdwn @@ -19,59 +19,34 @@ Project: Namespace-based translator selection --- ## Current Task -Write a translator that should filter the contents of the directory it is set on according to some property. The property can be an arbitrary command. -The code is at . +Write the filesystem proxy for namespace-based translator selection (*nsmux*). -Clone URL: git://github.com/scolobb/filterfs.git +The code is at . -####10: Sat Jun 28, ~14:00 UTC - Wed Jul 2, ~16:00 UTC ?: +###Progress -> Implemented the functions required for the lookup operation. +####2: Thu Jul 17, ~13:00 UTC - ?: -####9: Fri Jun 27, ~14:00 UTC - Fri Jun 18, ~18:00 UTC: +> Extend the lookup code in *nsmux* to allow for looking up nodes like 'file,,x'. -> Added the code for filtering directory entries, +####1: Mon Jul 12, ~13:00 UTC - Tue Jul 13, ~15:00 UTC: -####8: Tue Jun 24, ~17:00 UTC - Fri Jun 27, ~14:00 UTC: +> Implemented a simple *libtrivfs*-based translator to test the lookup code for *nsmux*. -> Debugged the code for fetching directory entries. +####0: Sat Jul 12, ~09:00 UTC - Sat Jul 12, ~18:00 UTC: -####7: Mon Jun 23, ~15:00 UTC - Tue Jun 24, ~14:00 UTC: +> Made small changes to the code of *filterfs* to fit the needs of *nsmux*. -> Created the code for logging debug messages. - -####6: Fri Jun 6, ~13:00 UTC - Mon Jun 23, ~15:00 UTC: - -> Created the code to fetch the directory entries and integrated it into *libnetfs* callbacks. - -####5: Mon Jun 2, ~14:00 UTC - Thu Jun 5, ~19:00 UTC: - -> Adapted the initialization actions from *unionfs*. Borrowed the netnode/lnode architecture from *unionfs*. - -####4: Mon Jun 2, ~11:00 UTC - ~14:00 UTC: - -> Adapted the node cache from *unionfs* to the needs of *filterfs*. - -####3: Mon May 26, ~18:00 UTC - Thu May 29, ~19:00 UTC: - -> Prepared stubs of callbacks required by *libnetfs*. - -####2: Mon May 5, ~18:00 UTC - ~20:00 UTC: - -> Rewrote the *helloworld* translator from scratch. - -####1: Sat May 3, ~8:00 UTC - ~21:00 UTC: - -> Read **The Hurd Hacking Guide** (). +--- -####0: Sat May 3, ~16:00 UTC: +## Completed Tasks -> Task suggested by **antrik**. +####2: Sat May 3 - Fri Jul 17: ---- +> Write a translator that should filter the contents of the directory it is set on according to some property. The property can be an arbitrary command. -## Completed Tasks +> The code is at . ####1: Mon Apr 28 - Wed Apr 30: -- cgit v1.2.3 From f1487225a646ddca07a8a14a28d5b6ce52fa7142 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2008 21:23:05 +0000 Subject: web commit by flaviocruz --- community/flavioc.mdwn | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 33 insertions(+) diff --git a/community/flavioc.mdwn b/community/flavioc.mdwn index d7aaa22c..6ef56a8b 100644 --- a/community/flavioc.mdwn +++ b/community/flavioc.mdwn @@ -22,6 +22,39 @@ hg clone http://freehg.org/u/flavioc/cl-hurd/ Creating an extensible translator library in lisp using the mig generated stubs. +### What's done + +- The library for writing translators is mostly written. +- This library is intended to implement virtual filesystems. Examples are: translators were data is located in a local file (like zipfs, tarfs, rarfs, ...), single file translators (that do content filtering, output of a command, etc), network based filesystems (ftpfs, httpfs, ...) +- Right now, what's missing is: support for symlinks, file execution, and setting other translators on our node tree. +- It's possible to specialize the basic translator library and implement new translator classes. This is done using CLOS. +- There is a tree-translator class that makes the managing of a node tree very easy, doing all the work for us, through a simple directory API and implementing the directory callbacks for us. +- There is a simple example (something like zipfs) translator that can expose the directories and file contents of a ZIP file. +- Translator options (manipulated through fsysopts) have a simple and easy to use API. +- All the Mach port manipulation API is available. +- It's possible to send and receive messages. Simple example: +
+  (let* ((spec-mixed (make-message-spec :fields '(:string :integer :char :string :integer :real)))
+         (msg-mixed (make-message :spec spec-mixed))
+         (port (port-allocate :right-receive)))
+    (send-message msg-mixed :remote port :data (list "abc" 42 #\b "cba" 314 3.14))
+    (receive-message msg-mixed :source port) ; This returns T on success.
+    (get-message msg-mixed))) ; Returns '("abc" 42 #\b "cba" 314 3.14)
+
+- New message types (like :string, :integer) can be implemented, providing a powerful extension mechanism. + + +### What needs to be done + +- Using continuations for IO blocking operations. This can be done using cl-cont. +- Support for symlinks. +- Support for stacking translators. + + +### Notes + +- File execution is complicated to do, because there is no multithreading support on CLisp and continuations won't do it. Maybe forking the clisp process?. + ## To do ### Documentation -- cgit v1.2.3 From 39ab329546c0926d9876c2026e4e6c4082e1ad43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Fri, 18 Jul 2008 20:38:39 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 191 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 191 insertions(+) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index 4f4da722..d9d6caf8 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -144,6 +144,197 @@ Clone URL: [git://github.com/madhusudancs/procfs.git](git://github.com/madhusuda 9. libfuse (In Hurd extras) 10. procfs (libtrivfs based, In Hurd extras) +------ + + Post Mid-Term Road Map +---- + +Legend + +* - Has already been implemented. +** - I already know the where the information is exactly available. +*** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. +**** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. +***** - I fear information may not be available. +~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. +File +/proc//stat + +* pid + +* comm + +* state + +* ppid + +* pgrp + +* session + +* tty_nr + +* tpgid + +** minflt +The number of minor faults the process has made which have not required loading a memory page +from disk. + +*** cminflt +The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. + +** majflt +The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from +disk. + +*** cmajflt +The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. + +** utime +The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. + +** stime +The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. + +** cutime +The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user +mode. + +** cstime +The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. + +** priority +The standard nice value, plus fifteen. The value is never negative in the kernel. + +*** nice +The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. + +** num_threads +Number of threads in this process. + +*** starttime +The time in jiffies the process started after system boot. + +**** vsize +Virtual memory size in bytes. + +** rss +Resident Set Size: number of pages the process has in real memory, minus 3 for administrative +purposes. This is just the pages which count towards text, data, or stack space. This does not +include pages which have not been demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. + +*** signal +The bitmap of pending signals. + +*** blocked +The bitmap of blocked signals. + +*** sigignore +The bitmap of ignored signals. + +*** sigcatch +The bitmap of caught signals. + +** policy +Scheduling policy (see sched_setscheduler(2)). +File +/proc//statm + +** resident +resident set size + +*** size +total program size + +*** text +text (code) +Other Per-PID Files + +** /proc//cwd + +** /proc//exe + +** /proc//environ +Non Per-PID Files + +** /proc/version +File +/proc//stat + +**** rlim +Current limit in bytes on the rss of the process (usually 4294967295 on i386). + +**** startcode +The address above which program text can run. + +**** endcode +The address below which program text can run. + +**** startstack +The address of the start of the stack. + +**** kstkesp +The current value of esp (stack pointer), as found in the kernel stack page for the process. + +**** kstkeip +The current EIP (instruction pointer). + +**** exit_signal +Signal to be sent to parent when we die. +File +/proc//statm + +**** share +shared pages + +**** data +data/stack +Other Per-PID File + +**** /proc//root +Non Per-PID Files + +**** /proc/stat + +**** /proc/meminfo +File +/proc//stat + +***** wchan +This is the "channel" in which the process is waiting. It is the address of a system call, and +can be looked up in a namelist if you need a textual name. (If you have an up-to-date +/etc/psdatabase, + +***** processor +CPU number last executed on. + +***** rt_priority +Real-time scheduling priority + +***** delayacct_blkio_ticks +Aggregated block I/O delays, measured in clock ticks (centiseconds). + +***** flags +PF_* fields defined in + +~~~~~ itrealvalue +The time in jiffies before the next SIGALRM is sent to the process due to an interval timer. + +~~~~~ nswap +Number of pages swapped (not maintained). + +~~~~~ cnswap +Cumulative nswap for child processes (not maintained). +File +/proc//statm + +~~~~~ lib +library (not required) + +~~~~~ dt +dirty pages (not required) + + ------ Code Updates -- cgit v1.2.3 From bccddde3eb50bc0bd88051f38532b09831870334 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Fri, 18 Jul 2008 20:52:46 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 60 insertions(+), 54 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index d9d6caf8..6dac6a43 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -151,12 +151,18 @@ Clone URL: [git://github.com/madhusudancs/procfs.git](git://github.com/madhusuda Legend -* - Has already been implemented. -** - I already know the where the information is exactly available. -*** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. -**** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. -***** - I fear information may not be available. -~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. +* * - Has already been implemented. + +* ** - I already know the where the information is exactly available. + +* *** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. + +* **** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. + +* ***** - I fear information may not be available. + +* ~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. + File /proc//stat @@ -176,162 +182,162 @@ File * tpgid -** minflt +* ** minflt The number of minor faults the process has made which have not required loading a memory page from disk. -*** cminflt +* *** cminflt The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -** majflt +* ** majflt The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from disk. -*** cmajflt +* *** cmajflt The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -** utime +* ** utime The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. -** stime +* ** stime The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. -** cutime +* ** cutime The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user mode. -** cstime +* ** cstime The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. -** priority +* ** priority The standard nice value, plus fifteen. The value is never negative in the kernel. -*** nice +* *** nice The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. -** num_threads +* ** num_threads Number of threads in this process. -*** starttime +* *** starttime The time in jiffies the process started after system boot. -**** vsize +* **** vsize Virtual memory size in bytes. -** rss +* ** rss Resident Set Size: number of pages the process has in real memory, minus 3 for administrative purposes. This is just the pages which count towards text, data, or stack space. This does not include pages which have not been demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. -*** signal +* *** signal The bitmap of pending signals. -*** blocked +* *** blocked The bitmap of blocked signals. -*** sigignore +* *** sigignore The bitmap of ignored signals. -*** sigcatch +* *** sigcatch The bitmap of caught signals. -** policy +* ** policy Scheduling policy (see sched_setscheduler(2)). File /proc//statm -** resident +* ** resident resident set size -*** size +* *** size total program size -*** text +* *** text text (code) Other Per-PID Files -** /proc//cwd +* ** /proc//cwd -** /proc//exe +* ** /proc//exe -** /proc//environ +* ** /proc//environ Non Per-PID Files -** /proc/version +* ** /proc/version File /proc//stat -**** rlim +* **** rlim Current limit in bytes on the rss of the process (usually 4294967295 on i386). -**** startcode +* **** startcode The address above which program text can run. -**** endcode +* **** endcode The address below which program text can run. -**** startstack +* **** startstack The address of the start of the stack. -**** kstkesp +* **** kstkesp The current value of esp (stack pointer), as found in the kernel stack page for the process. -**** kstkeip +* **** kstkeip The current EIP (instruction pointer). -**** exit_signal +* **** exit_signal Signal to be sent to parent when we die. File /proc//statm -**** share +* **** share shared pages -**** data +* **** data data/stack Other Per-PID File -**** /proc//root +* **** /proc//root Non Per-PID Files -**** /proc/stat +* **** /proc/stat -**** /proc/meminfo +* **** /proc/meminfo File /proc//stat -***** wchan +* ***** wchan This is the "channel" in which the process is waiting. It is the address of a system call, and can be looked up in a namelist if you need a textual name. (If you have an up-to-date /etc/psdatabase, -***** processor +* ***** processor CPU number last executed on. -***** rt_priority +* ***** rt_priority Real-time scheduling priority -***** delayacct_blkio_ticks +* ***** delayacct_blkio_ticks Aggregated block I/O delays, measured in clock ticks (centiseconds). -***** flags +* ***** flags PF_* fields defined in -~~~~~ itrealvalue +* ~~~~~ itrealvalue The time in jiffies before the next SIGALRM is sent to the process due to an interval timer. -~~~~~ nswap +* ~~~~~ nswap Number of pages swapped (not maintained). -~~~~~ cnswap +* ~~~~~ cnswap Cumulative nswap for child processes (not maintained). File /proc//statm -~~~~~ lib +* ~~~~~ lib library (not required) -~~~~~ dt +* ~~~~~ dt dirty pages (not required) -- cgit v1.2.3 From 09a53cfa2eb955621ce83a3020504acbd8230e3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Fri, 18 Jul 2008 21:16:57 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 26 ++++++++++++++------------ 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index 6dac6a43..fa9ef204 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -151,20 +151,19 @@ Clone URL: [git://github.com/madhusudancs/procfs.git](git://github.com/madhusuda Legend -* * - Has already been implemented. -* ** - I already know the where the information is exactly available. -* *** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. +*** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. -* **** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. +**** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. -* ***** - I fear information may not be available. +***** - I fear information may not be available. -* ~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. +~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. -File -/proc//stat +####Already Implemented + +#####File - /proc/<PID>/stat * pid @@ -182,16 +181,19 @@ File * tpgid -* ** minflt +* minflt The number of minor faults the process has made which have not required loading a memory page from disk. +* majflt +The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from +disk. + +####I already know the where the information is exactly available. + * *** cminflt The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -* ** majflt -The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from -disk. * *** cmajflt The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2425b5c0b28c65553edeca7e88724955ffbff1a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sat, 19 Jul 2008 18:50:56 +0000 Subject: web commit by scolobb --- community/scolobb.mdwn | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/scolobb.mdwn b/community/scolobb.mdwn index 2990f5e1..b4aadde0 100644 --- a/community/scolobb.mdwn +++ b/community/scolobb.mdwn @@ -24,11 +24,33 @@ Write the filesystem proxy for namespace-based translator selection (*nsmux*). The code is at . +--- + +###Current Status + +####DONE: + +* The skeleton which mirrors the filesystem. + +####TODO: + +* Provide the looking up of files with special suffixes like 'file,,x' + +* Provide RPC for accessing the untranslated node. + +* Create special translators for the main proxy so that its functionality + should be complete. + +* Refine the skeleton in several places so that it should become faster + and more reliable. + +--- + ###Progress -####2: Thu Jul 17, ~13:00 UTC - ?: +####2: Thu Jul 17, ~13:00 UTC - Fri Jul 18, ~21:00 UTC: -> Extend the lookup code in *nsmux* to allow for looking up nodes like 'file,,x'. +> Extended the lookup code in *nsmux* to allow for looking up nodes like 'file,,x' and added the possibility to escape the double-comma in the following way: ',,,'. ####1: Mon Jul 12, ~13:00 UTC - Tue Jul 13, ~15:00 UTC: -- cgit v1.2.3 From 2edbe3c72e85b2c66fcb3c7adcf5da34902160b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sat, 19 Jul 2008 21:41:15 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 10 ++++++---- 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index fa9ef204..f2ec08b6 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -189,6 +189,12 @@ from disk. The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from disk. +* utime +The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. + +* stime +The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. + ####I already know the where the information is exactly available. * *** cminflt @@ -198,11 +204,7 @@ The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. * *** cmajflt The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -* ** utime -The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. -* ** stime -The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. * ** cutime The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user -- cgit v1.2.3 From a5feda78206a3ea6f30f8eb0d743760c940b0ef1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 00:37:22 +0000 Subject: web commit by flaviocruz: Update status. --- community/flavioc.mdwn | 10 ++++++++-- 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/flavioc.mdwn b/community/flavioc.mdwn index 6ef56a8b..5ac3ce16 100644 --- a/community/flavioc.mdwn +++ b/community/flavioc.mdwn @@ -42,13 +42,19 @@ Creating an extensible translator library in lisp using the mig generated stubs. (get-message msg-mixed))) ; Returns '("abc" 42 #\b "cba" 314 3.14) - New message types (like :string, :integer) can be implemented, providing a powerful extension mechanism. +- Creation of symlinks and symlink path resolution. +- Creation of character/block devices, fifos and sockets. ### What needs to be done - Using continuations for IO blocking operations. This can be done using cl-cont. -- Support for symlinks. -- Support for stacking translators. +- Callbacks: + - file_lock, file_lock_stat (still not sure if they are really needed) + - file_reparent +- Make fsys_getroot and dir_lookup aware of active and passive translators. +- Bind the client RPC calls. +- Use the socket stubs? ### Notes -- cgit v1.2.3 From f19553bfe2ee30d10a504f706cf49d4371ee710a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 04:49:21 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 62 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index f2ec08b6..788a4b89 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -182,56 +182,57 @@ Legend * tpgid * minflt -The number of minor faults the process has made which have not required loading a memory page -from disk. +> The number of minor faults the process has made which have not required loading a memory page +> from disk. * majflt -The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from -disk. +> The number of major faults the process has made which have required loading a memory page from +> disk. * utime -The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. +> The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in user mode. * stime -The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. +> The number of jiffies that this process has been scheduled in kernel mode. -####I already know the where the information is exactly available. +* priority +> The standard nice value, plus fifteen. The value is never negative in the kernel. -* *** cminflt -The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. +* num_threads +> Number of threads in this process. +* starttime +> The time in jiffies the process started after system boot. -* *** cmajflt -The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. +* vsize +> Virtual memory size in bytes. +* rss +> Resident Set Size: number of pages the process has in real memory, minus 3 for administrative +> purposes. This is just the pages which count towards text, data, or stack space. This does not +> include pages which have not been demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. -* ** cutime -The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user -mode. +####I already know the where the information is exactly available. -* ** cstime -The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. -* ** priority -The standard nice value, plus fifteen. The value is never negative in the kernel. +* cutime +> The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user +> mode. -* *** nice -The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. +* cstime +> The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. -* ** num_threads -Number of threads in this process. +* *** cminflt +The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -* *** starttime -The time in jiffies the process started after system boot. -* **** vsize -Virtual memory size in bytes. +* *** cmajflt +The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. + -* ** rss -Resident Set Size: number of pages the process has in real memory, minus 3 for administrative -purposes. This is just the pages which count towards text, data, or stack space. This does not -include pages which have not been demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. +* *** nice +The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. * *** signal The bitmap of pending signals. @@ -247,6 +248,7 @@ The bitmap of caught signals. * ** policy Scheduling policy (see sched_setscheduler(2)). + File /proc//statm -- cgit v1.2.3 From af03f859ae78b9621c6ef67be4b6041d20d58f58 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 05:01:03 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index 788a4b89..d9a3b0f0 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ Legend -*** - I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. + **** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. @@ -212,9 +212,17 @@ Legend > purposes. This is just the pages which count towards text, data, or stack space. This does not > include pages which have not been demand-loaded in, or which are swapped out. +* itrealvalue +> The time in jiffies before the next SIGALRM is sent to the process due to an interval timer. + +* nswap +> Number of pages swapped (not maintained). + +* cnswap +> Cumulative nswap for child processes (not maintained). -####I already know the where the information is exactly available. +####I already know the where the information is exactly available. * cutime > The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in user @@ -223,34 +231,33 @@ Legend * cstime > The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. -* *** cminflt -The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. - +####I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. -* *** cmajflt -The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. +* cminflt +> The number of minor faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. +* cmajflt +> The number of major faults that the process’s waited-for children have made. -* *** nice -The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. +* nice +> The nice value ranges from 19 to -19. -* *** signal -The bitmap of pending signals. +* signal +> The bitmap of pending signals. -* *** blocked -The bitmap of blocked signals. +* blocked +> The bitmap of blocked signals. -* *** sigignore -The bitmap of ignored signals. +* sigignore +> The bitmap of ignored signals. -* *** sigcatch -The bitmap of caught signals. +* sigcatch +> The bitmap of caught signals. -* ** policy -Scheduling policy (see sched_setscheduler(2)). +* policy +> Scheduling policy. -File -/proc//statm +####File - /proc//statm * ** resident resident set size @@ -329,14 +336,8 @@ Aggregated block I/O delays, measured in clock ticks (centiseconds). * ***** flags PF_* fields defined in -* ~~~~~ itrealvalue -The time in jiffies before the next SIGALRM is sent to the process due to an interval timer. -* ~~~~~ nswap -Number of pages swapped (not maintained). -* ~~~~~ cnswap -Cumulative nswap for child processes (not maintained). File /proc//statm -- cgit v1.2.3 From 496e1fc88ef8ec4a90745c5825927c786cb548bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Schwinge Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 20:09:50 +0200 Subject: Add a note about the pfinet stability problem. --- public_hurd_boxen.mdwn | 11 +++++++++++ 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+) diff --git a/public_hurd_boxen.mdwn b/public_hurd_boxen.mdwn index df71c9db..377bc403 100644 --- a/public_hurd_boxen.mdwn +++ b/public_hurd_boxen.mdwn @@ -27,6 +27,17 @@ addresses for requesting support with respect to software installations, etc. For the `hurd.nipl.net` host, please see . + +--- + +/!\ SSH access to the machines is very instable at the moment. This is +probably due to problems with the [[hurd/translator/pfinet]] server. + + * + +--- + + To be able to use just `ssh [machine]`, you should append your public SSH key to `~/.ssh/authorized_keys` on the remote machine. -- cgit v1.2.3 From 60173304e8d04e2300ea3478c719f789b9efe965 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 19:22:30 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index d9a3b0f0..78aa2afc 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Legend -**** - The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. +**** - ***** - I fear information may not be available. @@ -231,6 +231,24 @@ Legend * cstime > The number of jiffies that this process’s waited-for children have been scheduled in kernel mode. +#####File - /proc/<PID>/statm + +* resident +> resident set size + +#####Other Per-PID Files + +#####* /proc/<PID>/cwd + +#####* /proc/<PID>/exe + +#####* /proc/<PID>/environ + +#####Non Per-PID Files + +#####* /proc/version + + ####I know where the information is available roughly, but need to look in detail to extract the exact information. * cminflt @@ -257,49 +275,39 @@ Legend * policy > Scheduling policy. -####File - /proc//statm - -* ** resident -resident set size +#####File - /proc/<PID>/statm -* *** size -total program size +* size +> total program size -* *** text -text (code) -Other Per-PID Files +* text +> text (code) -* ** /proc//cwd +####The information may be available, but needs to be searched to know where it will be. -* ** /proc//exe - -* ** /proc//environ -Non Per-PID Files +#####File - /proc/<PID>/stat -* ** /proc/version -File -/proc//stat +* rlim +> Current limit in bytes on the rss of the process (usually 4294967295 on i386). -* **** rlim -Current limit in bytes on the rss of the process (usually 4294967295 on i386). +* startcode +> The address above which program text can run. -* **** startcode -The address above which program text can run. +* endcode +> The address below which program text can run. -* **** endcode -The address below which program text can run. +* startstack +> The address of the start of the stack. -* **** startstack -The address of the start of the stack. +* kstkesp +> The current value of esp (stack pointer), as found in the kernel stack page for the process. -* **** kstkesp -The current value of esp (stack pointer), as found in the kernel stack page for the process. +* kstkeip +> The current EIP (instruction pointer). -* **** kstkeip -The current EIP (instruction pointer). +* exit_signal +> Signal to be sent to parent when we die. -* **** exit_signal -Signal to be sent to parent when we die. File /proc//statm -- cgit v1.2.3 From 9f6192627fa71d9ebfe2c5b9273938d5a030795b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 19:30:33 +0000 Subject: web commit by http://madhusudancs.myvidoop.com/ --- community/procfs.mdwn | 76 +++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------------- 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-) diff --git a/community/procfs.mdwn b/community/procfs.mdwn index 78aa2afc..472c66c9 100644 --- a/community/procfs.mdwn +++ b/community/procfs.mdwn @@ -149,17 +149,6 @@ Clone URL: [git://github.com/madhusudancs/procfs.git](git://github.com/madhusuda Post Mid-Term Road Map ---- -Legend - - - - - -**** - - -***** - I fear information may not be available. - -~~~~~ - Need not be implemented. ####Already Implemented @@ -308,52 +297,55 @@ Legend * exit_signal > Signal to be sent to parent when we die. -File -/proc//statm +#####File - /proc/<PID>/statm -* **** share -shared pages +* share +> shared pages -* **** data -data/stack -Other Per-PID File +* data +> data/stack -* **** /proc//root -Non Per-PID Files +#####Other Per-PID File -* **** /proc/stat +#####* /proc/<PID>/root -* **** /proc/meminfo -File -/proc//stat +#####Non Per-PID Files + +#####* /proc/stat -* ***** wchan -This is the "channel" in which the process is waiting. It is the address of a system call, and -can be looked up in a namelist if you need a textual name. (If you have an up-to-date -/etc/psdatabase, +#####* /proc/meminfo -* ***** processor -CPU number last executed on. +####I fear information may not be available. + +#####File - /proc/<PID>/stat -* ***** rt_priority -Real-time scheduling priority +* wchan +> This is the "channel" in which the process is waiting. It is the address of a system call, and +> can be looked up in a namelist if you need a textual name. (If you have an up-to-date +> /etc/psdatabase, -* ***** delayacct_blkio_ticks -Aggregated block I/O delays, measured in clock ticks (centiseconds). +* processor +> CPU number last executed on. -* ***** flags -PF_* fields defined in +* rt_priority +> Real-time scheduling priority +* delayacct_blkio_ticks +> Aggregated block I/O delays, measured in clock ticks (centiseconds). +* flags +> PF_* fields defined in -File -/proc//statm -* ~~~~~ lib -library (not required) +#### Need not be implemented. + +#####File - /proc/<PID>/statm + +* lib +> library (not required) -* ~~~~~ dt -dirty pages (not required) +* dt +> dirty pages (not required) ------ -- cgit v1.2.3 From 5a21fc07c33a883d5ad08cf4947279387e92893b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: GNU Hurd wiki engine Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2008 19:40:11 +0000 Subject: web commit by flaviocruz: Remove item from 'what needs to be done'. --- community/flavioc.mdwn | 1 - 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/community/flavioc.mdwn b/community/flavioc.mdwn index 5ac3ce16..a0c0d036 100644 --- a/community/flavioc.mdwn +++ b/community/flavioc.mdwn @@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ Creating an extensible translator library in lisp using the mig generated stubs. - Callbacks: - file_lock, file_lock_stat (still not sure if they are really needed) - file_reparent -- Make fsys_getroot and dir_lookup aware of active and passive translators. - Bind the client RPC calls. - Use the socket stubs? -- cgit v1.2.3