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diff --git a/hurd/building/cross-compiling.mdwn b/hurd/building/cross-compiling.mdwn index dd8edd0d..0c37bd07 100644 --- a/hurd/building/cross-compiling.mdwn +++ b/hurd/building/cross-compiling.mdwn @@ -6,13 +6,17 @@ Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]] -[[Thomas_Schwinge|tschwinge]] has written a shell script for building a -complete cross-build environment for GNU/Hurd systems. +Feel free to ask questions or report problems on this page's [[discussion]] +sub-page. -For now, find the shell scripts at -<http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu> and -<http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu-env>. +## Cross Compilation Guide +This is a HOWTO to build a cross-compiler on x86 GNU/Linux so you can build GNU Mach, GNU Hurd. This has been successfully built by Vitalie Ciubotaru as posted here [1]. + +## cross-gnu + +[[Thomas_Schwinge|tschwinge]] has written a shell script for building a +complete cross-build environment for GNU/Hurd systems. Read through it. Understand it. Then use it. /!\ Be made aware that -- while it is of course possible to build a working @@ -25,9 +29,528 @@ definitely needed for the glibc, Hurd and GCC source packages, as there are a bunch of outstanding patches that are needed for getting a functional build. -Feel free to ask questions or report problems on this page's [[discussion]] -sub-page. +<pre> +#!/bin/sh + +# Cross compile a GNU build environment. + +# Written by Thomas Schwinge <tschwinge@gnu.org>. + +# This script is placed into the public domain; nevertheless, please feel free +# to send any suggestions, improvements, etc. back to me. + +# The files are canonically found at +# <http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu> and +# <http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu-env>. + +# Thanks to +# * Thadeu Lima de Souza Cascardo for updating the instructions about getting +# the source code of GCC using the Subversion repositories. + +# Prerequisites: +# +# A build environment for the system you're running the script on is required, +# i.e. a C compiler with the basic libraries and `make'. You might also need +# `flex' and `bison'. + +# Usage: +# +# Place `cross-gnu' and `cross-gnu-env' somewhere in `$PATH', e.g. in `~/bin/'. + +# Get the source code of the + +# * GNU Binutils, <http://gnu.org/software/binutils/>, `src/binutils' +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src \ +# co -r binutils-2_17-branch binutils +# $ mv src binutils-2_17-branch +# +# Or fetch a tarball from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/>. + +# * GNU Compiler Collection, <http://gcc.gnu.org/>, `src/gcc' +# +# $ svn co svn://gcc.gnu.org/svn/gcc/branches/BRANCH gcc +# $ mv gcc BRANCH +# +# BRANCH is one of `gcc-3_3-branch', `gcc-3_4-branch', `gcc-4_0-branch', +# `gcc-4_1-branch' or the tag of a released version like `gcc_3_4_3_release'. +# Or fetch a tarball from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/>. + +# * GNU C Library, <http://gnu.org/software/libc/>, `src/glibc' +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/glibc \ +# co -r glibc-2_3-branch glibc +# $ mv libc glibc-2_3-branch +# +# Change `glibc-2_3-branch' to `glibc-2_5-branch' to get the glibc 2.5 branch +# or omit `-r glibc-2_3-branch' if you want to get the trunk, i.e. the glibc +# 2.6 branch, but note that building both of them currently won't work +# without heavy patching. +# +# Or fetch a tarball from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/>. +# +# If you want to use GCC 4.1 or newer, you'll also need to apply the +# following patch, for both glibc-2_3-branch and glibc-2_5-branch: +# <http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/init-first.c_vs._GCC_4.1.patch>. +# +# If you use a GNU Make version newer than 3.80, you also need to apply the +# following patch to glibc-2_3-branch: +# <http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=2507#c2>. + +# * GNU Hurd, <http://hurd.gnu.org/>, `src/hurd' +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co hurd + +# * GNU Mach (gnumach-1-branch), <http://hurd.gnu.org/>, `src/gnumach' +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd \ +# co -r gnumach-1-branch gnumach +# $ mv gnumach gnumach-1-branch + +# * GNU Mach Interface Generator, <http://hurd.gnu.org/>, `src/mig' +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@cvs.gnu.org:/cvsroot/hurd co mig + +# * GNU Debugger, <http://gnu.org/software/gdb/>, `src/gdb' +# +# This is optional and will only be compiled if present. +# +# $ cvs -d:pserver:anoncvs@sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src \ +# co -r gdb_6_6-branch gdb +# $ mv src gdb_6_6-branch +# +# Or fetch a tarball from <ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gdb/>. + +# Unpack the tarballs if you downloaded any. + +# Create a directory where the cross build shall take place and `cd' to that +# directory. Create a subdirectory `src' and create symbolic links for every +# of the above packages: from `src/PACKAGE' to where you stored or unpacked it. +# If you don't intend to build several cross compilers or use the source trees +# otherwise, you can also directly store the source trees in `src/'. The +# source trees can be shared between multiple cross build trees since the +# package's build systems are supposed not to modify the files in the source +# trees. Not all packages adhere to that, but they fail to do so only for +# pre-processed documentation, etc., as far as I can tell. + +# Run +# $ ROOT=. cross-gnu +# ... to create the cross build environment in the current directory from the +# sources in `src/'. + +# Later, run +# $ ROOT=WHERE_THE_ROOT_OF_THE_CROSS_BUILD_TREE_IS; . cross-gnu-env +# ... to set up `$PATH' (and some other environment variables; have a look at +# cross-gnu-env), so that you can easily use e.g. the cross compiler running +# `$TARGET-gcc'. + +# Notes: + +# You can re-run `cross-gnu' to rebuild the parts of the sources that have +# changed since the last run. This might save a lot of time and is especially +# useful if you aren't working with unpacked tarballs, but on CVS's branches or +# want to quickly get a new tool chain with patches you applied to the source +# trees. +# I would, however, _not_ recommend to use this technique when doing major +# changes to the source trees, like switching from gcc-3.3 to gcc-3.4. + +# There are several parts marked with `TODO' in this file; feel free to have a +# look at these issues and send the outcome back to me. + + +# Set up the environment. + +. cross-gnu-env + +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && + + +# Be verbose. + +set -x && + + +# Create directories. + +mkdir -p "$ROOT" && +cd "$ROOT" && +mkdir -p bin "$SYS_ROOT"/{include,lib} "$TARGET" && +ln -sfn "$SYS_ROOT"/{include,lib} "$TARGET"/ && + + +# Install the cross GNU Binutils. + +mkdir -p "$BINUTILS_SRC".obj && +cd "$BINUTILS_SRC".obj && +# We use `config.status''s existence as an indicator whether the package was +# configured already. (E.g. when running cross-gnu a second time to update the +# tool chain.) +if ./config.status --version > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$BINUTILS_SRC"/configure \ + --target="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$ROOT" \ + --with-sysroot="$SYS_ROOT" \ + --disable-nls +fi && +"$MAKE" \ + all \ + install && + + +# Install a minimal cross GCC to build a cross MIG and the GNU C Library. + +mkdir -p "$GCC_SRC".obj && +cd "$GCC_SRC".obj && +# Perhaps we already have a complete cross GCC? +if "$TARGET"-gcc --version > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$GCC_SRC"/configure \ + --target="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$ROOT" \ + --with-sysroot="$SYS_ROOT" \ + --disable-nls \ + --disable-shared \ + --without-headers \ + --with-newlib \ + --enable-languages=c + fi && + +# TODO: GCC 3.3 and GCC 3.4 need this for building libgcc.a. Not needed for +# GCC 4.0. + : > "$SYS_ROOT"/include/signal.h && + mkdir -p "$SYS_ROOT"/include/sys && + : > "$SYS_ROOT"/include/sys/ucontext.h && + + if "$MAKE" \ + all-gcc \ + install-gcc && +# TODO: Make glibc happy. We can not yet build libgcc_eh, but glibc's build +# system wants to link against that library. A totally empty file is fine for +# binutils-2.16, but not for binutils-2.15. +# <http://sources.redhat.com/ml/libc-alpha/2003-09/msg00100.html>. + echo '/* Empty. */' > "$SYS_ROOT"/lib/libgcc_eh.a + then + # Remove the bogus files if building the cross compiler succeesded. + rm config.status "$SYS_ROOT"/include/{signal.h,sys/ucontext.h} + else + # That indication file might already have been installed, but we do not yet + # have a complete, working cross compiler. + rm -f "$ROOT"/bin/"$TARGET"-gcc && + exit 100 + fi +fi && + + +# Install GNU Mach's header files. + +mkdir -p "$GNUMACH_SRC".obj && +cd "$GNUMACH_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status --version > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + # `$TARGET-gcc' doesn't work yet (to satisfy the Autoconf checks), but isn't + # needed either. + CC=gcc \ + "$GNUMACH_SRC"/configure \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix= +fi && +if grep -q install-data "$GNUMACH_SRC"/Makefile.in; then + "$MAKE" \ + DESTDIR="$SYS_ROOT" \ + install-data +else + # Old. + "$MAKE" \ + prefix="$SYS_ROOT" \ + no_deps=t \ + install-headers +fi && + + +# Install a cross GNU MIG. + +mkdir -p "$MIG_SRC".obj && +cd "$MIG_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$MIG_SRC"/configure \ + --target="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$ROOT" +fi && +"$MAKE" \ + all \ + install && + + +# Install the GNU Hurd's header files. + +mkdir -p "$HURD_SRC".obj && +cd "$HURD_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status --version > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + # `$TARGET-gcc' doesn't work yet (to satisfy the Autoconf checks), but isn't + # needed either. + CC=gcc \ + "$HURD_SRC"/configure \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix= \ + --disable-profile +fi && +"$MAKE" \ + prefix="$SYS_ROOT" \ + no_deps=t \ + install-headers && +# Below, we will reconfigure for allowing to build the pthreads library. +if grep -q '^CC = gcc$' config.make +then rm config.status +else : +fi && + + +# Install the GNU C Library. + +# Do we already have the GNU C library installed? +if test -h "$SYS_ROOT"/lib/ld.so; then :; else + mkdir -p "$GLIBC_SRC".obj && + cd "$GLIBC_SRC".obj && + if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + # `--build' has to be set to make sure that glibc is cross compiled. + # TODO: Unless overridden, the build system is forced to think that the + # linker doesn't support the `-z relro' flag, because there are unfixed + # bugs in glibc w.r.t. that flag. Likewise for `--without-tls'. + "$GLIBC_SRC"/configure \ + --without-cvs \ + --build="`"$GLIBC_SRC"/scripts/config.guess`" \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix= \ + --with-headers="$SYS_ROOT"/include \ + --disable-profile \ + ${CROSS_GNU_TLS---without-tls} \ + ${CROSS_GNU_Z_RELRO-libc_cv_z_relro=no} + fi && + if "$MAKE" \ + install_root="$SYS_ROOT" \ + all \ + install + then + # TODO: Why doesn't `make install' do that? + ln -sf ld.so.1 "$SYS_ROOT"/lib/ld.so && + if [ "$CROSS_GNU_REINSTALL_GLIBC" = n ]; then :; else + # Force re-linking files once libgcc_eh is available. TODO: Is the + # following enough? + rm -f "$GLIBC_SRC".obj/config.status +# rm -rf "$GLIBC_SRC".obj + fi + else + # That indication file might already have been installed, but we do not yet + # have a complete, working installation of the GNU C library. + rm -f "$SYS_ROOT"/lib/ld.so + exit 100 + fi +fi && + + +# Install the GNU Hurd's pthreads library. + +cd "$HURD_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status --version > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$HURD_SRC"/configure \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix= \ + --disable-profile +fi && +"$MAKE" \ + libpthread && +"$MAKE" \ + prefix="$SYS_ROOT" \ + libihash-install libpthread-install && + + +# Install a complete cross GCC. + +cd "$GCC_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + # TODO: At the moment we only configure for creating a C compiler. + "$GCC_SRC"/configure \ + --target="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$ROOT" \ + --with-sysroot="$SYS_ROOT" \ + --disable-nls \ + --enable-languages=c +fi && +# Remove the bogus libgcc_eh. +rm -f "$SYS_ROOT"/lib/libgcc_eh.a && +"$MAKE" \ + all \ + install && + + +# Install the GNU C Library. + +mkdir -p "$GLIBC_SRC".obj && +cd "$GLIBC_SRC".obj && +if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + # `--build' has to be set to make sure that glibc is cross compiled. + # TODO: Unless overridden, the build system is forced to think that the + # linker doesn't support the `-z relro' flag, because there are unfixed + # bugs in glibc w.r.t. that flag. Likewise for `--without-tls'. + "$GLIBC_SRC"/configure \ + --without-cvs \ + --build="`"$GLIBC_SRC"/scripts/config.guess`" \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix= \ + --with-headers="$SYS_ROOT"/include \ + --disable-profile \ + ${CROSS_GNU_TLS---without-tls} \ + ${CROSS_GNU_Z_RELRO-libc_cv_z_relro=no} +fi && +"$MAKE" \ + install_root="$SYS_ROOT" \ + all \ + install && + + +# Install a cross GDB, if requested. + +if test -d "$GDB_SRC"/; then + mkdir -p "$GDB_SRC".obj && + cd "$GDB_SRC".obj && + if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$GDB_SRC"/configure \ + --target="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$ROOT" \ + --with-sysroot="$SYS_ROOT" \ + --disable-nls + fi && + "$MAKE" \ + all \ + install && + + + # If possible, install a cross compiled `gdbserver' to be ran on the TARGET + # system. + + if grep -q '86-\*-gnu\*' "$GDB_SRC"/gdb/gdbserver/README; then + mkdir -p gdb/gdbserver && + cd gdb/gdbserver && + if ./config.status > /dev/null 2>&1; then :; else + "$GDB_SRC"/gdb/gdbserver/configure \ + --host="$TARGET" \ + --prefix="$SYS_ROOT" + fi && + "$MAKE" \ + all \ + install + else : + fi +fi && + + +# Success. + +echo "$0"': Everything should be in place now.' +</pre> + +## cross-gnu-env + +<pre> +#!/bin/sh + +# Cross compile a GNU build environment. + +# Written by Thomas Schwinge <tschwinge@gnu.org>. + +# This script is placed into the public domain; nevertheless, please feel free +# to send any suggestions, improvements, etc. back to me. + +# The files are canonically found at +# <http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu> and +# <http://nic-nac-project.de/~schwinge/tmp/cross-gnu-env>. + + +# Functions from Paul Jarc's prjlibs available at +# <http://code.dogmap.org/prjlibs/>. + +# sh/set.sh +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && +prj_set() { + eval "$1=\${2?}" +} + +# sh/set_default.sh +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && +prj_set_default() { + : "${2?}" && + eval " + if test \"\${$1+x}\" = x; then :; else + $1=\$2 + fi" +} + +# sh/unset.sh +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && +prj_unset() { + while test "$#" != 0; do + { eval "$1=" && + unset "$1" && + shift + } || return "$?" + done +} + +# sh/x2.sh +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && +prj_x2() { + : "${2?}" && + "$@" && + export "$2" +} + +case $? in 0) :;; *) (exit "$?");; esac && + + +# Create a clean environment. + +prj_x2 prj_set LC_ALL C && +prj_unset ASFLAGS CFLAGS CPPFLAGS CXXFLAGS LDFLAGS && +prj_unset MAKEFLAGS && + + +# Environment variables. + +# `$ROOT' defaults to `~/tmp/gnu'. +prj_x2 prj_set_default ROOT ~/tmp/gnu && +# `$ROOT' must specify an absolute path. +case $ROOT in + /*) + :;; + *) + ROOT=`cd "$ROOT" && pwd`;; +esac && + +prj_x2 prj_set_default SYS_ROOT "$ROOT"/sys_root && + +prj_x2 prj_set_default TARGET i586-pc-gnu && + +prj_x2 prj_set_default BINUTILS_SRC "$ROOT"/src/binutils && +prj_x2 prj_set_default GCC_SRC "$ROOT"/src/gcc && +prj_x2 prj_set_default GDB_SRC "$ROOT"/src/gdb && +prj_x2 prj_set_default GLIBC_SRC "$ROOT"/src/glibc && +prj_x2 prj_set_default GNUMACH_SRC "$ROOT"/src/gnumach && +prj_x2 prj_set_default HURD_SRC "$ROOT"/src/hurd && +prj_x2 prj_set_default MIG_SRC "$ROOT"/src/mig && + +# TODO. See cross-gnu. +prj_x2 prj_set_default CROSS_GNU_REINSTALL_GLIBC y && + +prj_x2 prj_set PATH "$ROOT"/bin:"$PATH" && + +if gmake --version 2> /dev/null | grep -q GNU +then prj_x2 prj_set MAKE gmake +else prj_x2 prj_set MAKE make +fi +</pre> + +-- ShakthiKannan - 03 Oct 2007 ---- +## References * <http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/2004-09/msg00030.html> +* <http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/help-hurd/2007-06/msg00008.html>
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