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@@ -1,194 +1,183 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
-
-<HTML>
- <HEAD>
- <TITLE>GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
- <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org">
- </HEAD>
-
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#000000" LINK="#8888EE" VLINK="#9F00DD" ALINK="#000088">
-<IMAGE SRC="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf_invert.jpg">
-<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="20">
-<TR>
-<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">
-<A HREF="hurd.html#contents"><STRONG>The GNU Hurd</STRONG></A><BR>
-<A HREF="learning-more-about-hurd.html#contents">About the Hurd</A><BR>
-<A HREF="learning-more-about-microkernels.html#contents">About Microkernels</A><BR>
-<A HREF="trying-out-hurd.html#contents">Trying out the Hurd</A><BR>
-
-<P>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#contents"><STRONG>Getting Help</STRONG></A><BR>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#Installation">Installation</A><BR>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#FAQs">FAQs</A><BR>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#MailingLists">Mailing lists</A><BR>
-<A HREF="getting-help.html#ReferenceManual">Reference Manual</A><BR>
-<!--A HREF="getting-help.html#HOWTOs">HOWTOs</A><BR>-->
-
-<P>
-<A HREF="software.html#contents"><STRONG>Software</STRONG></A><BR>
-<A HREF="software.html#GRUB">GRUB</A><BR>
-<A HREF="software.html#X11">X11</A><BR>
-<A HREF="software.html#Contributions">Contributions</A><BR>
-
-<P>
-<!---A HREF="mirrors.html#contents">Mirrors</A><BR--->
-<A HREF="acknowledgements.html#contents">Acknowledgements</A><BR>
-<!---A HREF="copyright.html#contents">Copyright Notice</A--->
-</TD>
-<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
-<A NAME="contents"><H1>GNU Hurd</H1></A>
-
-<H3>What is the Hurd?</H3>
-
-The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The
-Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement
-file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features
-that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux).
-<P>
-Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably
-will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in
-the future.
-
-<H3>Advantages of the Hurd</H3>
-
-The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet
-(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features:
-
-<DL>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it's free software</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the
-<A HREF="/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU
-General Public License (GPL)</A>. The Hurd is part of the GNU system,
-which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it's compatible</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all
-intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses
-the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO,
-BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it is built to survive</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure
-that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure
-will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having
-to be entirely rewritten.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it's scalable</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently
-on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces
-are designed to allow transparent network clusters (<I>collectives</I>),
-although this feature has not yet been implemented.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it's extensible</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel
-hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of
-the system is designed to be modified and extended.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it's stable</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting
-the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components
-doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges
-are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design:
-it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize
-them or you are the system administrator.
-</DD>
-
-<DT><STRONG>it exists</STRONG></DT>
-
-<DD>
-The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research
-project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start
-using and developing it.
-</DD>
-
-</DL>
-
-
-<H3>What the name ``Hurd'' means</H3>
-
-According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird'
-stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my
-knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually
-recursive acronyms.''
-
-<H3>Status of the project</H3>
-
-The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997.
-At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the
-<A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian Project</A> are assembling
-a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution.
-
-<P>
-
-The new distribution will use the Debian package management system
-to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system
-is the same one used in
-<A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian GNU/Linux</A> distributions.
-In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution will
-be called <A HREF="debian-gnu-hurd.html">Debian GNU/Hurd</A>.
-
-<P>
-
-These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready
-and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you
-use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the
-newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable.
-
-<P>
-
-<EM>Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the
-FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.</EM>
-
-<HR>
-
-Return to <A HREF="/home.html" TARGET="_parent">GNU's home page</A>.
-<P>
-
-Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to
-
-<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
-There are also <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo" TARGET="_parent">other ways to
-contact</A> the FSF.
-<P>
-
-Please send comments on these web pages to
-
-<A HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org"><EM>webmasters@www.gnu.org</EM></A>,
-send other questions to
-<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.
-<P>
-Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA
-<P>
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P>
-Updated:
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-23 Jan 1999 matthias
-<!-- hhmts end -->
-<HR>
-</TD>
-</TR>
-</TABLE>
-
-</BODY>
-</HTML>
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd"> + +<HTML> + <HEAD> + <TITLE>GNU Hurd - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE> + <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org"> + </HEAD> + +<BODY BGCOLOR="#000000" LINK="#8888EE" VLINK="#9F00DD" ALINK="#000088"> +<IMAGE SRC="/graphics/hurd_sm_mf_invert.jpg"> +<TABLE width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="20"> +<TR> +<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"> +<A HREF="hurd.html#contents"><STRONG>The GNU Hurd</STRONG></A><BR> +<A HREF="learning-more-about-hurd.html#contents">About the Hurd</A><BR> +<A HREF="learning-more-about-microkernels.html#contents">About Microkernels</A><BR> +<P> +<A HREF="software.html#contents"><STRONG>Software</STRONG></A><BR> +<A HREF="trying-out-hurd.html#contents">Trying out the Hurd</A><BR> +<A HREF="getting-help.html#contents">Getting Help</A><BR> + +<P> +<!---A HREF="mirrors.html#contents">Mirrors</A><BR---> +<A HREF="acknowledgements.html#contents">Acknowledgements</A><BR> +<!---A HREF="copyright.html#contents">Copyright Notice</A---> +</TD> +<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" TEXT="#000000" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"> +<A NAME="contents"><H1>GNU Hurd</H1></A> + +<H3>What is the Hurd?</H3> + +The GNU Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the Unix kernel. The +Hurd is a collection of servers that run on the Mach microkernel to implement +file systems, network protocols, file access control, and other features +that are implemented by the Unix kernel or similar kernels (such as Linux). +<P> +Currently, the Hurd runs on i386 machines. The Hurd should, and probably +will, be ported to other hardware architectures or other microkernels in +the future. + +<H3>Advantages of the Hurd</H3> + +The Hurd is not the most advanced operating system known to the planet +(yet), but it does have a number of enticing features: + +<DL> + +<DT><STRONG>it's free software</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +Anybody can use, modify, and redistribute it under the terms of the +<A HREF="/copyleft/gpl.html">GNU +General Public License (GPL)</A>. The Hurd is part of the GNU system, +which is a complete operating system licensed under the GPL. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it's compatible</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +The Hurd provides a familiar programming and user environment. For all +intents and purposes, the Hurd is a modern Unix-like kernel. The Hurd uses +the GNU C Library, whose development closely tracks standards such as ANSI/ISO, +BSD, POSIX, Single Unix, SVID, and X/Open. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it's built to survive</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +Unlike other popular kernel software, the Hurd has an object-oriented structure +that allows it to evolve without compromising its design. This structure +will help the Hurd undergo major redesign and modifications without having +to be entirely rewritten. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it's scalable</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +The Hurd implementation is aggressively multithreaded so that it runs efficiently +on both single processors and symmetric multiprocessors. The Hurd interfaces +are designed to allow transparent network clusters (<I>collectives</I>), +although this feature has not yet been implemented. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it's extensible</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +The Hurd is an attractive platform for learning how to become a kernel +hacker or for implementing new ideas in kernel technology. Every part of +the system is designed to be modified and extended. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it's stable</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +It is possible to develop and test new Hurd kernel components without rebooting +the machine (not even accidentally). Running your own kernel components +doesn't interfere with other users, and so no special system privileges +are required. The mechanism for kernel extensions is secure by design: +it is impossible to impose your changes upon other users unless they authorize +them or you are the system administrator. +</DD> + +<DT><STRONG>it exists</STRONG></DT> + +<DD> +The Hurd is real software that works Right Now. It is not a research +project or a proposal. You don't have to wait at all before you can start +using and developing it. +</DD> + +</DL> + + +<H3>What the name ``Hurd'' means</H3> + +According to Thomas Bushnell, BSG, the primary architect of the Hurd, ```Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' +stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'. We have here, to my +knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of mutually +recursive acronyms.'' + +<H3>Status of the project</H3> + +The last official release was the 0.2 binary distribution of June 1997. +At the moment, the Hurd developers and people from the +<A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian Project</A> are assembling +a new distribution; it will become the 0.3 distribution. + +<P> + +The new distribution will use the Debian package management system +to ease installation and updating the system. This package management system +is the same one used in +<A HREF="http://www.debian.org/">Debian GNU/Linux</A> distributions. +In parallel to the Linux distribution, the upcoming Hurd distribution is +called <A HREF="debian-gnu-hurd.html">Debian GNU/Hurd</A>. + +<P> + +These efforts are ongoing, but the fundamental packages are ready +and quite stable. If you want to try out the Hurd, it is recommended that you +use the preliminary 0.3 version instead of the 0.2 version, because the +newer snapshots have many bugs fixed and are more stable. + +<P> + +<EM>Some of these links are at other web sites not maintained by the +FSF. The FSF is not responsible for the content of these other web sites.</EM> + +<HR> + +Return to <A HREF="/home.html" TARGET="_parent">GNU's home page</A>. +<P> + +Please send FSF & GNU inquiries & questions to + +<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>. +There are also <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo" TARGET="_parent">other ways to +contact</A> the FSF. +<P> + +Please send comments on these web pages to + +<A HREF="mailto:webmasters@www.gnu.org"><EM>webmasters@www.gnu.org</EM></A>, +send other questions to +<A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>. +<P> +Copyright (C) 1998, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc., +59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA +<P> +Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is +permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P> +Updated: +<!-- hhmts start --> +23 Jan 1999 matthias +<!-- hhmts end --> +<HR> +</TD> +</TR> +</TABLE> + +</BODY> +</HTML> |