diff options
48 files changed, 841 insertions, 31 deletions
diff --git a/Distrib/DebianAptOffline.mdwn b/Distrib/DebianAptOffline.mdwn index 9ed9c560..52313bf2 100644 --- a/Distrib/DebianAptOffline.mdwn +++ b/Distrib/DebianAptOffline.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,19 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # How to Installing Packages without a Network Connection from your Hurd Installation This procedure is based on that found in diff --git a/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn b/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn index f459c67b..8141af60 100644 --- a/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn +++ b/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # How to Contribute to This Wiki (!) Some general hints first; they may sound very familiar from other software diff --git a/Hurd/Debugging.mdwn b/Hurd/Debugging.mdwn index d9244f15..5ef3d013 100644 --- a/Hurd/Debugging.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/Debugging.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + * [[DebuggingGlibc]] * [[DebuggingViaSubhurds]] - To debug system servers diff --git a/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn b/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn index 2a1e12c5..c4cacd0c 100644 --- a/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + [[toc ]] # The Acronym diff --git a/Hurd/NeighborHurd.mdwn b/Hurd/NeighborHurd.mdwn index 89d7be02..b4d25586 100644 --- a/Hurd/NeighborHurd.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/NeighborHurd.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + It is possible to run multiple instances of the Hurd in parallel, on a single instance of Mach. Other than performance crosstalk, they are essentially isolated. diff --git a/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn b/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn index ff20aaf3..7f7f1301 100644 --- a/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + The Hurd is GNU's replacement for the various UNIX and Linux kernels. The Hurd is firstly a collection of protocols formalizing how different diff --git a/Hurd/contributing.mdwn b/Hurd/contributing.mdwn index e21f28be..083301ed 100644 --- a/Hurd/contributing.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/contributing.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # Porting Applications Debian is currently the Hurd distribution of choice among Hurd diff --git a/Hurd/debbuging.mdwn b/Hurd/debbuging.mdwn index 436014f2..20446b6e 100644 --- a/Hurd/debbuging.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/debbuging.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + See: * [[NeighborHurd]] diff --git a/Hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn b/Hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn index 8a4c4d99..3f263d1d 100644 --- a/Hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # Essential Documentation * [[FrequentlyAskedQuestions]] @@ -13,4 +30,4 @@ ask your question, and provide as many relevant details as possible reproducing them as exactly as possible. * [[MailLists]] -* [[HurdIRC]]
\ No newline at end of file +* [[HurdIRC]] diff --git a/Hurd/history.mdwn b/Hurd/history.mdwn index c29142f9..1b45d25f 100644 --- a/Hurd/history.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/history.mdwn @@ -1,2 +1,19 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + <a href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/l4-hurd/2005-10/msg00718.html" target="_top">History 1997-2003</a></dt> -<dd> Personal view of Marcus Brinkmann about Hurd development in 1997-2003.
\ No newline at end of file +<dd> Personal view of Marcus Brinkmann about Hurd development in 1997-2003. diff --git a/Hurd/noninvasivedebugging.mdwn b/Hurd/noninvasivedebugging.mdwn index 6259ce28..f2ab8489 100644 --- a/Hurd/noninvasivedebugging.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/noninvasivedebugging.mdwn @@ -1,6 +1,23 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Sometimes using gdb on a server can result in deadlock. You can still use gdb by using the "set noninvasive" option. This indicates to gdb to not stop the program but allows you to nevertheless examine its state. Thus, you can get back traces -and value of variables (and watch them change underneath you).
\ No newline at end of file +and value of variables (and watch them change underneath you). diff --git a/Hurd/running.mdwn b/Hurd/running.mdwn index b431966a..91328bb1 100644 --- a/Hurd/running.mdwn +++ b/Hurd/running.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + * [[Distrib]] - Distributions based on the Hurd * [[Xen]] - In Xen * [[LiveCD]] - Live CDs diff --git a/Mach/GNUMach.mdwn b/Mach/GNUMach.mdwn index a7f47ac9..2fe02dcf 100644 --- a/Mach/GNUMach.mdwn +++ b/Mach/GNUMach.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + GNU Mach runs on x86 machines (it does not support 64-bit machines). GNU Mach is currently used by the GNU [[Hurd]]. @@ -10,4 +27,4 @@ added using glue code, i.e., a Linux emulation layer in Mach. * [[BuildingGNUMach]] * [[GNUMachRevivalProject]] - GNU Mach Projects -* [[Ports]] - Ports to other Architectures
\ No newline at end of file +* [[Ports]] - Ports to other Architectures diff --git a/Mach/GNUMach/ports.mdwn b/Mach/GNUMach/ports.mdwn index f6e98d5a..9c9e5515 100644 --- a/Mach/GNUMach/ports.mdwn +++ b/Mach/GNUMach/ports.mdwn @@ -1,2 +1,18 @@ -* [PowerPC](http://www.pjbruin.dds.nl/hurd/) +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + +* [PowerPC](http://www.pjbruin.dds.nl/hurd/) diff --git a/Mach/MicroKernelsForBeginners.mdwn b/Mach/MicroKernelsForBeginners.mdwn index 1bfab1ed..0fa7bd17 100644 --- a/Mach/MicroKernelsForBeginners.mdwn +++ b/Mach/MicroKernelsForBeginners.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # Concepts A [[microkernel]] implements a minimal number of abstractions @@ -19,4 +36,4 @@ Send messages using Mach's IPC mechanism Implement your own pager. Write a server that synthesizes content on the fly and have a client map the object into its -address space and print out the file.
\ No newline at end of file +address space and print out the file. diff --git a/Mach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn b/Mach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn index 2af15db3..f47c8aa4 100644 --- a/Mach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn +++ b/Mach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + # CPU Architecture GNU Mach current only supports the x86 architecture. @@ -229,4 +246,3 @@ IDE Drives are known to work. SATA drives work in compatibility mode. PCMCIA ethernet; on ix86-at enabled by default * (orinoco_cs) Linux device driver for Hermes or Prism 2 PCMCIA **Wireless** adapters (Orinoco); on ix86-at enabled by default - diff --git a/Mach/mach/documentation.mdwn b/Mach/mach/documentation.mdwn index 542ad85f..bb91313c 100644 --- a/Mach/mach/documentation.mdwn +++ b/Mach/mach/documentation.mdwn @@ -1,2 +1,19 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + - OSF's [Kernel Interface](ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/doc/osf/kernel_interface.ps) -- OSF's [Kernel Principles](ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/doc/osf/kernel_principles.ps)
\ No newline at end of file +- OSF's [Kernel Principles](ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/doc/osf/kernel_principles.ps) diff --git a/Mach/mach/ipc.mdwn b/Mach/mach/ipc.mdwn index 42cfacdf..68fa9d0e 100644 --- a/Mach/mach/ipc.mdwn +++ b/Mach/mach/ipc.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + An IPC is sent by invoking a [[Mach/Port]]. -[The Unofficial GNU Mach IPC beginner's guide](http://www.nongnu.org/hurdextras/ipc_guide/ipc_guide.html)
\ No newline at end of file +[The Unofficial GNU Mach IPC beginner's guide](http://www.nongnu.org/hurdextras/ipc_guide/ipc_guide.html) diff --git a/Mach/mach/ports.mdwn b/Mach/mach/ports.mdwn index 54cc12ac..47ef427a 100644 --- a/Mach/mach/ports.mdwn +++ b/Mach/mach/ports.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Mach ports are [[capabilities]]. A Mach port is a kernel queue. Each port has associated with @@ -28,4 +45,4 @@ A thread can only block receiving on a single port. To work around this, the concept of a port set was introduced. A receive right can be added to (at most) one port set. When a thread receives from a port set, it dequeues from any of the ports that -has a message available.
\ No newline at end of file +has a message available. @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + ABAC stands for authorization-based access control. In this model, access is not granted based on the identity of the caller but by an authorizing agent @@ -5,4 +22,4 @@ that delegates access to a particular resource. Such authorization is then encapsulated in [[capabilities]] allowing them to be freely [[delegated]]. -See also [[IBAC]].
\ No newline at end of file +See also [[IBAC]]. diff --git a/asbestos.mdwn b/asbestos.mdwn index 366aa5d9..074e0ae7 100644 --- a/asbestos.mdwn +++ b/asbestos.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Asbestos is an operating system developed at MIT, Stanford and UCLA to explore information flow control policies. The motivation behind Asbestos is that typical access control systems are concerned diff --git a/capabilities.mdwn b/capabilities.mdwn index fc1b36e0..a483c0e7 100644 --- a/capabilities.mdwn +++ b/capabilities.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + A capability is a protected reference. It is a reference in that it designates an object; it is protected in that in cannot be forged. A capabilities both designates the object it refers to and @@ -20,4 +37,4 @@ always bound together, these problems are avoided. Unix file descriptors can be viewed as capabilities. Unix file descriptors do not survive reboot, that is, they are not [[persistent]]. To work around this, [[ACL]]s are used to -recover authority.
\ No newline at end of file +recover authority. diff --git a/confuseddeputy.mdwn b/confuseddeputy.mdwn index 0581c20b..07df292b 100644 --- a/confuseddeputy.mdwn +++ b/confuseddeputy.mdwn @@ -1,4 +1,21 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + [The confused deputy](http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~KeyKOS/ConfusedDeputy.html) problem was articulated by Norm Hardy. It is a possible consequence when [[designation]] and [[authorization]] are separated. [[Capabilities]] -help with this problem.
\ No newline at end of file +help with this problem. diff --git a/designation.mdwn b/designation.mdwn index 318ef6a2..629ef7cd 100644 --- a/designation.mdwn +++ b/designation.mdwn @@ -1 +1,18 @@ -To designate is to name.
\ No newline at end of file +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + +To designate is to name. diff --git a/destructiveinterference.mdwn b/destructiveinterference.mdwn index 4def1b87..227710a7 100644 --- a/destructiveinterference.mdwn +++ b/destructiveinterference.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Interference can be destructive or non-destructive. When a principal invokes an object (thereby requesting a service) and the implementation carries out the principal's intent, the interference was non-destructive diff --git a/extensibility.mdwn b/extensibility.mdwn index 91811210..80e9fbfc 100644 --- a/extensibility.mdwn +++ b/extensibility.mdwn @@ -1,7 +1,24 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + An extensible system is one that enables extensibility. Enabling extensibility means providing non-privileged mechanisms to extend existing objects and to introduce new objects. UNIX is generally not an extensible system as it does not generally facilitate the hooking of system calls. For instance, there is no way to hook into the virtual file system. This has motivated the introduction of separate, parallel interfaces by both the GNOME and KDE projects to provide -users a more integrated view of their objects.
\ No newline at end of file +users a more integrated view of their objects. diff --git a/hurd/authentication.mdwn b/hurd/authentication.mdwn index 0d52a0ba..40ef1536 100644 --- a/hurd/authentication.mdwn +++ b/hurd/authentication.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + UIDs on the Hurd are separate from processes. A process has [[capabilities]] designating so-called UID vectors that are implemented by an [[auth]] server. This diff --git a/hurd/concepts.mdwn b/hurd/concepts.mdwn index 6ec21f7d..a2bbc2bc 100644 --- a/hurd/concepts.mdwn +++ b/hurd/concepts.mdwn @@ -1,5 +1,21 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + * [[Translator]] * [[VirtualFileSystem]] * [[Authentication]] * [[NeighborHurd]] - diff --git a/hurd/hurdcritique.mdwn b/hurd/hurdcritique.mdwn index f8e3eed7..56150df7 100644 --- a/hurd/hurdcritique.mdwn +++ b/hurd/hurdcritique.mdwn @@ -1,7 +1,24 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + [[NealWalfield]] and [[MarcusBrinkmann]] wrote a paper titled "[A Critique of the GNU Hurd Multi-Server Operating System](http://walfield.org/papers/200707-walfield-critique-of-the-GNU-Hurd.pdf)." This was published in ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review in July 2007. This is sometimes referred to as "the critique." The paper provides a technical overview of the Hurd's -architecture and critiques some of the decisions made.
\ No newline at end of file +architecture and critiques some of the decisions made. diff --git a/hurd/hurdhackingguide.mdwn b/hurd/hurdhackingguide.mdwn index bc214589..7fba69c9 100644 --- a/hurd/hurdhackingguide.mdwn +++ b/hurd/hurdhackingguide.mdwn @@ -1,4 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Originally written by Wolfgang Jährling, the [Hurd Hacking Guide](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hacking-guide/hhg.html) contains an overview of some of the Hurd's features. Also contains a tutorial on writing your own translator. - diff --git a/hurd/ibac.mdwn b/hurd/ibac.mdwn index 14d1551c..4aa4f70e 100644 --- a/hurd/ibac.mdwn +++ b/hurd/ibac.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + IBAC stands for identity-based access control. In this access control scheme, access to a resource is based on identity of the caller. This is often @@ -5,4 +22,4 @@ problematic as when a program acts on behalf of another, access is authorized based on its own identity rather than that of the caller. -See also [[ABAC]].
\ No newline at end of file +See also [[ABAC]]. diff --git a/hurd/translator.mdwn b/hurd/translator.mdwn index 1e281b9d..3265fac4 100644 --- a/hurd/translator.mdwn +++ b/hurd/translator.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + A translator is simply a normal program acting as an object server and participating in the Hurd's distributed [[VirtualFileSystem]]. It is so-called @@ -23,4 +40,4 @@ See [[Translators]] for a list of Hurd translators. To learn how to write a translator, read the code! It is well documented, in particular, the header files. -The [[HurdHackingGuide]] also has a tutorial.
\ No newline at end of file +The [[HurdHackingGuide]] also has a tutorial. diff --git a/hurd/virtualfilesystem.mdwn b/hurd/virtualfilesystem.mdwn index 054f0b04..6b612e8e 100644 --- a/hurd/virtualfilesystem.mdwn +++ b/hurd/virtualfilesystem.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Path names are resolved using a distributed protocol. No single entity is responsible for the resolution of path names. A file system server (a [[translator]]) @@ -14,4 +31,4 @@ or an error occurs. The same happens for relative path names but a different capability is used. For a more detailed explanation of the protocol, look at the section -2.2 of the [[HurdCritique]].
\ No newline at end of file +2.2 of the [[HurdCritique]]. @@ -1,5 +1,22 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + An IDL is an interface definition language. The most well-known is CORBA. An IDL compiler takes a specification and generates stubs that hide the transport details. In the case of [[MIG]], this hides the marshalling and unmarshalling of parameters according -to Mach's semantics.
\ No newline at end of file +to Mach's semantics. @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + IPC stands for interprocess communication. On Unix, interprocess communication can be achieved using pipes. diff --git a/isolation.mdwn b/isolation.mdwn index bdb15a41..67e2f61f 100644 --- a/isolation.mdwn +++ b/isolation.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + When two [[principal]]s cannot affect each other, they are said to be isolated from one another. Strictly speaking, if two principals are isolated from one another, there is no way for one to know @@ -7,4 +24,4 @@ other. Typically, principals are isolated from one another with respect to a particular property. Common properties include -information-flow (security) and performance.
\ No newline at end of file +information-flow (security) and performance. diff --git a/liedtke.mdwn b/liedtke.mdwn index 8644bbdf..a2807f5c 100644 --- a/liedtke.mdwn +++ b/liedtke.mdwn @@ -1 +1,18 @@ -Liedtke is the father of [[L4]].
\ No newline at end of file +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + +Liedtke is the father of [[L4]]. diff --git a/mach/externalpagermechanism.mdwn b/mach/externalpagermechanism.mdwn index 91907131..cdd25040 100644 --- a/mach/externalpagermechanism.mdwn +++ b/mach/externalpagermechanism.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Mach provides a so-called external pager [[mechanism]]. This mechanism serves to separate *managing memory* from *managing content*. Mach does the former while user space tasks do the @@ -170,4 +187,3 @@ fashion. The server is not required to send a response to the kernel. (D) The manager then transfers the data to the storeio which eventually sends it to disk. The device driver consumes the memory doing the equivalent of a vm_deallocate. - diff --git a/mach/tcb.mdwn b/mach/tcb.mdwn index fa669174..841b85fa 100644 --- a/mach/tcb.mdwn +++ b/mach/tcb.mdwn @@ -1,7 +1,24 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + TCB stands for trusted computed base. Unqualified, the trusted computing base referrers to the set of components programs must [[trust]] to function correctly. On multiserver systems, it is sometimes more appropriate to speak of the trusted computing base of a particular program: as components are much less connected, one program's trusted computing base may be significantly different -from another's.
\ No newline at end of file +from another's. diff --git a/mechanism.mdwn b/mechanism.mdwn index ec694960..16dfc641 100644 --- a/mechanism.mdwn +++ b/mechanism.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 defines a mechanism as: diff --git a/microkernel.mdwn b/microkernel.mdwn index e706dcbd..6d719ac4 100644 --- a/microkernel.mdwn +++ b/microkernel.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + [[Liedtke]] explains in [On Microkernel Construction](http://l4ka.org/publications/paper.php?docid=642) that a microkernel attempts to minimize the mandatory part of the operating system by providing the minimal number of [[mechanism]]s that @@ -12,4 +29,4 @@ by Per Brinch-Hansen in 1970 in Other notable microkernels include Hydra, KeyKOS, Eros and L4. An [introduction](http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Info/People/ulfar/ukernel/ukernel.html) by -Úlfar Erlingsson and Athanasios Kyparlis (from 1996) to microkernel concepts.
\ No newline at end of file +Úlfar Erlingsson and Athanasios Kyparlis (from 1996) to microkernel concepts. diff --git a/namingcontext.mdwn b/namingcontext.mdwn index 7e7b14d0..be041211 100644 --- a/namingcontext.mdwn +++ b/namingcontext.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + Names are bindings to objects, however, to find an object given a name, the relation must be looked up in a naming context. A problem with using string as names is @@ -11,4 +28,4 @@ by the file system, not the program instance that set the passive translator. The passive translator settings are therefore resolved in the file system's naming context, which may be different from that of the program instance that set the -passive translator setting.
\ No newline at end of file +passive translator setting. diff --git a/persistent.mdwn b/persistent.mdwn index 9cc05f67..e9d0a248 100644 --- a/persistent.mdwn +++ b/persistent.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + A persistent object is an object that survives reboot. On Unix, files and directories are persistent but processes and file descriptors are not. EROS is @@ -5,4 +22,4 @@ an example of an orthogonally persistent system: processes and capabilities also survive reboot. To a process, it generally only looks as if it had not been scheduled for a long time; the rest of its environment -remains essentially the indistinguishable.
\ No newline at end of file +remains essentially the indistinguishable. diff --git a/policy.mdwn b/policy.mdwn index 219af77e..7135ddf0 100644 --- a/policy.mdwn +++ b/policy.mdwn @@ -1,2 +1,19 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + A policy is a rule that define what may or may not happens, not -how it happens. The latter is referred to as [[mechanism]].
\ No newline at end of file +how it happens. The latter is referred to as [[mechanism]]. diff --git a/principal.mdwn b/principal.mdwn index 9a11c672..f2a23ae2 100644 --- a/principal.mdwn +++ b/principal.mdwn @@ -1,7 +1,24 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + A principal is an accountable entity. A principal may be a user. On some computer systems, users are represented by their respective UID. A process may also be a principal. However, a principal may span multiple processes (a web request that causes a CGI script to be invoked) or a principal may contain a number of separate principals (a web server serves multiple requests, -each request represents a different principal).
\ No newline at end of file +each request represents a different principal). @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + SFI stands for Software-Based Fault Isolation. SFI is an [[isolation]] technique described by Wahbe et al. in their 1993 paper [Effcient Software-Based Fault Isolation](http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/wahbe93efficient.html). diff --git a/sidebar.mdwn b/sidebar.mdwn index 29f6de92..35166fb1 100644 --- a/sidebar.mdwn +++ b/sidebar.mdwn @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + * **[[Home|/index]]** * **[[Hurd_User_Groups|Hug]]** * **[[Main]]** @@ -1,3 +1,20 @@ +[[license text=""" +Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + +Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the +terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version +published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no +Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included +in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]. + +By contributing to this page, you agree to assign copyright for your +contribution to the Free Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation +promises to always use either a verbatim copying license or a free +documentation license when publishing your contribution. We grant you back all +your rights under copyright, including the rights to copy, modify, and +redistribute your contributions. +"""]] + The word trust is used in a number of contexts with different technical meanings. Sometimes it is used to confuse, for instance trusted computing is rarely about providing users reason to trust that software they are running does not violate |