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-rw-r--r--HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn17
-rw-r--r--abac.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--asbestos.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--capability.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--confused_deputy.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--designation.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--destructive_interference.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--empty_page.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--extensibility.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/authentication.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/concepts.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/contributing.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/critique.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/debugging.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/debugging/gdb.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/debugging/hurd.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/debugging/rpctrace.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/history.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/hurd_hacking_guide.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/libpager.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/neighborhurd.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/running.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/running/debian/DebianAptOffline.mdwn15
-rw-r--r--hurd/subhurd.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/translator.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--hurd/virtual_file_system.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--ibac.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--idl.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--ipc.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--isolation.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--liedtke.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--mechanism.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/for_beginners.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/fud.mdwn9
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/documentation.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/gnumach.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/gnumach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/ipc.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/ipc/sequence_numbering.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/port.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--microkernel/mach/rpc.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--naming_context.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--persistency.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--policy.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--principal.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--rpc.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--sfi.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--sidebar.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--tcb.mdwn16
-rw-r--r--trust.mdwn16
57 files changed, 396 insertions, 509 deletions
diff --git a/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn b/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn
index ac1244eb..4086ed77 100644
--- a/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn
+++ b/HowToContributeToThisWiki.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# How to Contribute to This Wiki
diff --git a/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn b/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn
index d73afd14..1730c7bc 100644
--- a/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn
+++ b/Hurd/HurdNames.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[[toc ]]
diff --git a/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn b/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn
index 1107eb5f..bcae817c 100644
--- a/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn
+++ b/Hurd/TheGnuHurd.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation,
+Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
The Hurd is GNU's replacement for the various UNIX and Linux kernels.
diff --git a/abac.mdwn b/abac.mdwn
index 21f13215..e4486c10 100644
--- a/abac.mdwn
+++ b/abac.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
ABAC stands for authorization-based access control.
In this model, access is not granted based on the
diff --git a/asbestos.mdwn b/asbestos.mdwn
index 89af7c1c..f3c8d94a 100644
--- a/asbestos.mdwn
+++ b/asbestos.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Asbestos is an operating system developed at MIT, Stanford
and UCLA to explore information flow control policies. The motivation
diff --git a/capability.mdwn b/capability.mdwn
index 34a18afe..0e06a6d6 100644
--- a/capability.mdwn
+++ b/capability.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A capability is a protected reference. It is a reference in that
it designates an object; it is protected in that in cannot be
diff --git a/confused_deputy.mdwn b/confused_deputy.mdwn
index 7dae5da6..01c3513a 100644
--- a/confused_deputy.mdwn
+++ b/confused_deputy.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[The confused deputy](http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~KeyKOS/ConfusedDeputy.html)
problem was articulated by Norm Hardy. It is a possible consequence
diff --git a/designation.mdwn b/designation.mdwn
index 30540ade..55037939 100644
--- a/designation.mdwn
+++ b/designation.mdwn
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
To designate is to name.
diff --git a/destructive_interference.mdwn b/destructive_interference.mdwn
index b6c80325..44e0855e 100644
--- a/destructive_interference.mdwn
+++ b/destructive_interference.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Interference can be destructive or non-destructive. When a [[principal]]
invokes an object (thereby requesting a service) and the implementation
diff --git a/empty_page.mdwn b/empty_page.mdwn
index d71ef07e..47464167 100644
--- a/empty_page.mdwn
+++ b/empty_page.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
HERE STARTS YOUR NEW CONTENT -- remove everything from here on, including this
line.
diff --git a/extensibility.mdwn b/extensibility.mdwn
index 6a12c812..edfd78d2 100644
--- a/extensibility.mdwn
+++ b/extensibility.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
An extensible system is one that enables extensibility. Enabling extensibility
means providing non-privileged mechanisms to extend existing objects and to
diff --git a/hurd/authentication.mdwn b/hurd/authentication.mdwn
index 2b35ea14..7502aa7d 100644
--- a/hurd/authentication.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/authentication.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
UIDs on the Hurd are separate from processes. A process has
[[capabilities|capability]] designating so-called UID vectors that
diff --git a/hurd/concepts.mdwn b/hurd/concepts.mdwn
index 0a88d248..f56af8f0 100644
--- a/hurd/concepts.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/concepts.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
* [[Translator]]
* [[Virtual_File_System]]
diff --git a/hurd/contributing.mdwn b/hurd/contributing.mdwn
index 785cfa1a..9d07e740 100644
--- a/hurd/contributing.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/contributing.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# Porting Applications
diff --git a/hurd/critique.mdwn b/hurd/critique.mdwn
index cc0c53dc..862e63ae 100644
--- a/hurd/critique.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/critique.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[[NealWalfield]] and [[MarcusBrinkmann]] wrote a paper titled
"[A Critique of the GNU Hurd Multi-Server Operating System](http://walfield.org/papers/200707-walfield-critique-of-the-GNU-Hurd.pdf)."
diff --git a/hurd/debugging.mdwn b/hurd/debugging.mdwn
index 66175d13..5a825479 100644
--- a/hurd/debugging.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/debugging.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# Strategies
diff --git a/hurd/debugging/gdb.mdwn b/hurd/debugging/gdb.mdwn
index ca7d1783..02c66711 100644
--- a/hurd/debugging/gdb.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/debugging/gdb.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
The [GNU debugger *GDB*](http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/) works on GNU/Hurd
systems as it does on other system, but has some additional [hurd-specific
diff --git a/hurd/debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging.mdwn b/hurd/debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging.mdwn
index a712cfa6..63e970e2 100644
--- a/hurd/debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Sometimes using [[GDB]] on a system server can result in a [[deadlock]]. You
can however still use GDB by using the [`set
diff --git a/hurd/debugging/hurd.mdwn b/hurd/debugging/hurd.mdwn
index b759df22..f5c8bd34 100644
--- a/hurd/debugging/hurd.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/debugging/hurd.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Say you want to try running file system server (*[[translator/ext2fs]]*<!--`[[translator/ext2fs]]`-->,
*[[translator/jfs]]*<!--`[[translator/jfs]]`-->, ...) against a modified version of *[[libpager]]*<!--`[[libpager]]`--> and
diff --git a/hurd/debugging/rpctrace.mdwn b/hurd/debugging/rpctrace.mdwn
index 6590431d..de85a8b7 100644
--- a/hurd/debugging/rpctrace.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/debugging/rpctrace.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
*rpctrace* is -- roughly -- an equivavlent to Linux's *strace* or Solaris' or
BSD's *truss*. It is used to trace [[remote_procedure_call|rpc]]s a process is
diff --git a/hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn b/hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn
index 59e76b99..d7f96323 100644
--- a/hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/gettinghelp.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# Essential Documentation
diff --git a/hurd/history.mdwn b/hurd/history.mdwn
index ce4cf9fd..9f442b93 100644
--- a/hurd/history.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/history.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
<a href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/l4-hurd/2005-10/msg00718.html" target="_top">History 1997-2003</a></dt>
<dd> Personal view of Marcus Brinkmann about Hurd development in 1997-2003.
diff --git a/hurd/hurd_hacking_guide.mdwn b/hurd/hurd_hacking_guide.mdwn
index c7ac9ba8..c7bdb135 100644
--- a/hurd/hurd_hacking_guide.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/hurd_hacking_guide.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Originally written by Wolfgang Jährling, the [Hurd Hacking Guide](http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hacking-guide/hhg.html)
contains an overview of some of the Hurd's features.
diff --git a/hurd/libpager.mdwn b/hurd/libpager.mdwn
index ed2fa7bb..b51b9efd 100644
--- a/hurd/libpager.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/libpager.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Mach's [[microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism]].
diff --git a/hurd/neighborhurd.mdwn b/hurd/neighborhurd.mdwn
index b1082f6b..ac2939ec 100644
--- a/hurd/neighborhurd.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/neighborhurd.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
It is possible to run multiple instances of the Hurd
in parallel, on a single instance of Mach. Other than
diff --git a/hurd/running.mdwn b/hurd/running.mdwn
index c631123d..2be73078 100644
--- a/hurd/running.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/running.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
* [[Distrib]] - Distributions based on the Hurd
* [[microkernel/mach/gnumach/Xen]] - In Xen
diff --git a/hurd/running/debian/DebianAptOffline.mdwn b/hurd/running/debian/DebianAptOffline.mdwn
index 8ef52824..6d03be5a 100644
--- a/hurd/running/debian/DebianAptOffline.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/running/debian/DebianAptOffline.mdwn
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# How to Installing Packages without a Network Connection from your Hurd Installation
diff --git a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
index 42b714a4..e976a5ff 100644
--- a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A sub-Hurd is like a [[neighbor_Hurd|neighborhurd]], however, makes use of some
resources provided by another Hurd. For instance, backing store and the
diff --git a/hurd/translator.mdwn b/hurd/translator.mdwn
index f6c08505..7656053b 100644
--- a/hurd/translator.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/translator.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A translator is simply a normal program acting as
an object server and participating in the Hurd's
diff --git a/hurd/virtual_file_system.mdwn b/hurd/virtual_file_system.mdwn
index 941a10ad..e39c7705 100644
--- a/hurd/virtual_file_system.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/virtual_file_system.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Path names are resolved using a distributed protocol.
No single entity is responsible for the resolution of
diff --git a/ibac.mdwn b/ibac.mdwn
index 39ac5ebf..91bd5274 100644
--- a/ibac.mdwn
+++ b/ibac.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
IBAC stands for identity-based access control.
In this access control scheme, access to a resource
diff --git a/idl.mdwn b/idl.mdwn
index 64359e93..bcaacdec 100644
--- a/idl.mdwn
+++ b/idl.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
An IDL is an interface definition language. The most well-known is
CORBA. An IDL compiler takes a specification and generates stubs
diff --git a/ipc.mdwn b/ipc.mdwn
index e019645e..09d8499c 100644
--- a/ipc.mdwn
+++ b/ipc.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
IPC stands for interprocess communication.
diff --git a/isolation.mdwn b/isolation.mdwn
index dc0921aa..cd6c0eea 100644
--- a/isolation.mdwn
+++ b/isolation.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
When two [[principal]]s cannot affect each other, they are said to
be isolated from one another. Strictly speaking, if two principals
diff --git a/liedtke.mdwn b/liedtke.mdwn
index 7114f098..927b1d1e 100644
--- a/liedtke.mdwn
+++ b/liedtke.mdwn
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Liedtke is the father of [[microkernel/L4]].
diff --git a/mechanism.mdwn b/mechanism.mdwn
index ab01ae9b..e991a8b2 100644
--- a/mechanism.mdwn
+++ b/mechanism.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
defines a mechanism as:
diff --git a/microkernel.mdwn b/microkernel.mdwn
index b2c0f059..21a826dc 100644
--- a/microkernel.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[[Liedtke]] explains in [On Microkernel Construction](http://l4ka.org/publications/paper.php?docid=642)
that a microkernel attempts to minimize the mandatory part of the operating
diff --git a/microkernel/for_beginners.mdwn b/microkernel/for_beginners.mdwn
index b4ea13c8..f31111a7 100644
--- a/microkernel/for_beginners.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/for_beginners.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# Concepts
diff --git a/microkernel/fud.mdwn b/microkernel/fud.mdwn
index bc2e366b..68794e69 100644
--- a/microkernel/fud.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/fud.mdwn
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2002 Wolfgang Jährling and Jeroen Dekkers
-
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is permitted in any
-medium, provided this notice is preserved.
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2002 Wolfgang Jährling and Jeroen Dekkers"]]
+[[meta license="Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved."]]
# The Microkernel Experiment is Going On
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/documentation.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/documentation.mdwn
index fe9c619b..ac9dd6ec 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/documentation.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/documentation.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
- OSF's [Kernel Interface](ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/doc/osf/kernel_interface.ps)
- OSF's [Kernel Principles](ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/doc/osf/kernel_principles.ps)
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism.mdwn
index cdb299f1..2c917ff6 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/external_pager_mechanism.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2002, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Mach provides a so-called external pager [[mechanism]]. This
mechanism serves to separate *managing memory* from *managing
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/gnumach.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/gnumach.mdwn
index bc3ef8d8..cfdb1a99 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/gnumach.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/gnumach.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
GNU Mach is currently used by the GNU [[Hurd]].
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/gnumach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/gnumach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn
index 08f7f805..cedccae6 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/gnumach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/gnumach/hardwarecompatibilitylist.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
# CPU Architecture
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports.mdwn
index 63be1b92..1aeb23f2 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/gnumach/ports.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
* [PowerPC](http://www.pjbruin.dds.nl/hurd/). Is not in a usable state.
* Alpha. Was once started, but isn't in a usable state either.
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/ipc.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/ipc.mdwn
index 1fe37496..a6aef7c7 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/ipc.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/ipc.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[[General_information|/ipc]] about IPC.
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/ipc/sequence_numbering.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/ipc/sequence_numbering.mdwn
index fdbde7a0..78a49c1a 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/ipc/sequence_numbering.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/ipc/sequence_numbering.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Mach's [[IPC]] mechanism allows for getting access to a message's sequence
number.
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/port.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/port.mdwn
index 3e0d3530..c572cfbb 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/port.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/port.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Mach ports are [[capabilities|capability]].
diff --git a/microkernel/mach/rpc.mdwn b/microkernel/mach/rpc.mdwn
index 7b2a9e30..b2e04908 100644
--- a/microkernel/mach/rpc.mdwn
+++ b/microkernel/mach/rpc.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
[[General_information|/rpc]] about RPC.
diff --git a/naming_context.mdwn b/naming_context.mdwn
index 4a15651f..5c2badb9 100644
--- a/naming_context.mdwn
+++ b/naming_context.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
Names are bindings to objects, however, to find an object
given a name, the relation must be looked up in a
diff --git a/persistency.mdwn b/persistency.mdwn
index abbf0c02..370cbadf 100644
--- a/persistency.mdwn
+++ b/persistency.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A persistent object is an object that survives reboot.
On Unix, files and directories are persistent but
diff --git a/policy.mdwn b/policy.mdwn
index 4b8b8371..e11720a5 100644
--- a/policy.mdwn
+++ b/policy.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A policy is a rule that define what may or may not happens, not
how it happens. The latter is referred to as [[mechanism]].
diff --git a/principal.mdwn b/principal.mdwn
index 9cf90942..6092f967 100644
--- a/principal.mdwn
+++ b/principal.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
A principal is an accountable entity. A principal may be
a user. On some computer systems, users are represented by their
diff --git a/rpc.mdwn b/rpc.mdwn
index 829d2967..4da79eb9 100644
--- a/rpc.mdwn
+++ b/rpc.mdwn
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
RPC stands for remote procedure call.
diff --git a/sfi.mdwn b/sfi.mdwn
index d236a6a6..a3a78832 100644
--- a/sfi.mdwn
+++ b/sfi.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
SFI stands for Software-Based Fault Isolation. SFI is an [[isolation]]
technique described by Wahbe et al. in their 1993 paper [Effcient
diff --git a/sidebar.mdwn b/sidebar.mdwn
index 48990085..34e23772 100644
--- a/sidebar.mdwn
+++ b/sidebar.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
* **[[Home|/index]]**
* **[[Community]]**
diff --git a/tcb.mdwn b/tcb.mdwn
index ef736efe..0dc4d2fb 100644
--- a/tcb.mdwn
+++ b/tcb.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
TCB stands for trusted computed base. Unqualified, the trusted
computing base referrers to the set of components programs
diff --git a/trust.mdwn b/trust.mdwn
index 4eee6a3d..d96f702f 100644
--- a/trust.mdwn
+++ b/trust.mdwn
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-[[license text="""
-Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
-
-Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
-terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version
-published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
-Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included
-in the section entitled [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]].
-"""]]
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+[[meta license="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl.txt]]."]]
The word trust is used in a number of contexts with different technical meanings.
Sometimes it is used to confuse, for instance trusted computing is rarely about