Unify perhaps a thousand paragraphs stating what *the Hurd* is.

Hurd/TheGnuHurd -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd
hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking
Hurd/HurdNames, hurd-name.html -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name
Etc.

2 files changed, 100 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking.mdwn b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking.mdwn
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+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+[[meta title="Grammatically speaking..."]]
+
+> *Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of [[Unix]]-Replacing Daemons*.
+> *Hird*, in turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*.
+
+The Hurd has its share of linguistic debate.  The subject of proper usage comes
+up quite often.
+
+Although [[Thomas_Bushnell_states|origin_of_the_name]] that the word *Hurd* is
+an acronym; we do not treat it as such, but rather as a concrete noun.  We
+treat *Hurd* as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires an article,
+as in *the Hurd*.  For instance: *The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd,
+not by Mach.* Note that all of the following are incorrect: *Hurd*, *HURD*,
+*H.U.R.D.*, *The HURD*, and *the hurd*.
+
+Since the Hurd is part of the GNU Project, we also refer to it as *GNU Hurd*
+which is treated as a proper noun.  We write *the GNU Hurd* instead of *the
+Hurd* when we want to emphasize that the Hurd is a GNU package.  Once this has
+been made clear, we usually use the shorter form, without *GNU*.
+
+The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system servers,
+but also many more programs.  This system is called *GNU*, or *the GNU
+operating system*.  The GNU programs can also run on other operating system
+kernels.  We say *GNU/Hurd* when we want to put emphasis on the fact that this
+is the GNU system running on top of the Hurd, and to contrast it with the
+GNU/Linux system which is GNU using Linux as the kernel.
+
+Finally, there is *Debian GNU/Hurd*. This refers to the distribution of the GNU
+system as created by the Debian developers.  For example: *What do you run on
+your laptop?  Debian GNU/Hurd, of course.*
+
+The French generally write *le Hurd*--that is, they treat the name as masculine
+singular, capitalized as in English.
+
+When we are referring to the microkernel, we say *Mach* and use it as a proper
+noun.  For example: *Mach uses the device drivers found in version 2.0.x of
+Linux.*  We sometimes say *the Mach microkernel* instead of just *Mach*.
+
+
+To pronounce the word *Hurd*, you should say the English word *herd*.  This is
+pronounced as *hɚd* using the International Phonetic Alphabet.
diff --git a/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name.mdwn b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name.mdwn
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@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008
+Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+[[meta title="Origin of the Name"]]
+
+<!-- TODO.  Source?  -->
+
+According to Thomas Bushnell, the primary architect of the Hurd:
+
+> *Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of [[Unix]]-Replacing Daemons*.
+> *Hird*, in turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*.
+
+> We have here, to my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of
+> mutually recursive acronyms.
+
+[Quoting](http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/help-hurd/2002-10/msg00099.html)
+him further:
+
+> The name *Hurd* was invented by me, as an alternate spelling for the English
+> word *herd*.  *Hird* is just another alternate spelling for the same word.
+> By the [[normal_rules_of_English_orthography|gramatically_speaking]], they
+> all have the same pronunciations.
+
+
+---
+
+<!-- TODO.  Source?  Or remove? -->
+
+In other contexts:
+
+One contributor from Norway described two other uses of Hird.
+
+  * "the kings men", a name given to the men accompanying the Norwegian kings at about 
+    year 1000 and on.
+    
+    This was later coined by V. Quisling when he formed a party with
+    nationalistic traits to denote a set of helpers promoting his agenda of
+    national and Nordic ideas.
+
+  * a symbol of collaboration with the (German) enemy used in World War II.