diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'hurd')
| -rw-r--r-- | hurd/porting/guidelines.mdwn | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | hurd/running/chroot.mdwn | 27 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | hurd/running/qemu.mdwn | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | hurd/subhurd.mdwn | 84 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | hurd/translator/mtab/discussion.mdwn | 6 |
5 files changed, 76 insertions, 70 deletions
diff --git a/hurd/porting/guidelines.mdwn b/hurd/porting/guidelines.mdwn index a76ffc8f..33888685 100644 --- a/hurd/porting/guidelines.mdwn +++ b/hurd/porting/guidelines.mdwn @@ -181,6 +181,19 @@ Fixed code: Replace with `getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE,...)` +## <a name="mach_darwin"> `#ifdef __MACH__` </a> + +Some applications put Apple Darwin-specific code inside `#ifdef __MACH__` +guards. Such guard is clearly not enough, since not only Apple uses Mach as a +kernel. This should be replaced by `#if defined(__MACH__) && defined(__APPLE__)` + +## <a name="mach_clock"> `mach/clock.h` </a> + +Some applications unconditionally use Darwin-specific functions coming +from `mach/clock.h` to get the clock. This is unnecessarily unportable, +`clock_gettime` can simply be used instead, and the `#ifdef __MACH__` guard for the `mach/clock.h` +inclusion be fixed as explained above. + ## <a name="GNU_specific_define_tt_"> </a> GNU specific `#define` If you need to include specific code for GNU/Hurd using `#if` ... `#endif`, then you can use the `__GNU__` symbol to do so. But think (at least) thrice! before doing so. In most situations, this is completely unnecessary and will create more problems than it may solve. Better ask on the mailing list how to do it right if you can't think of a better solution. diff --git a/hurd/running/chroot.mdwn b/hurd/running/chroot.mdwn index 699f05a1..eac67282 100644 --- a/hurd/running/chroot.mdwn +++ b/hurd/running/chroot.mdwn @@ -1,4 +1,5 @@ -[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2012, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."]] +[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2012, 2013, 2016 Free Software Foundation, +Inc."]] [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this @@ -40,8 +41,22 @@ socket creation will actually happen in the root filesystem. To make things work correctly the programs inside the chroot need to be able to access them: - # settrans -kp chroot/servers /hurd/firmlink /servers - # settrans -kp chroot/dev /hurd/firmlink /dev - # settrans chroot/tmp /hurd/firmlink /tmp - # settrans -c chroot/var/lib/dbus /hurd/firmlink /var/lib/dbus - # settrans -c chroot/run/dbus /hurd/firmlink /run/dbus + # CHROOT=$PWD/chroot + # settrans -kp $CHROOT/servers /hurd/firmlink /servers + # settrans -kp $CHROOT/dev /hurd/firmlink /dev + # settrans $CHROOT/tmp /hurd/firmlink /tmp + # settrans -c $CHROOT/var/lib/dbus /hurd/firmlink /var/lib/dbus + # settrans -c $CHROOT/run/dbus /hurd/firmlink /run/dbus + # settrans -kp $CHROOT/proc /hurd/firmlink /proc + # settrans -c $CHROOT/$HOME/.dbus /hurd/firmlink /$HOME/.dbus + +# Buildds + +Debian build daemons use a specialized script instead of debootstrap: + + # mkdir ~/chroots + # /usr/share/sbuild/create-chroot unstable + +They also use sbuild to start the build: + + # sbuild foo_1.2.3-1 diff --git a/hurd/running/qemu.mdwn b/hurd/running/qemu.mdwn index ef89ec12..369ceab6 100644 --- a/hurd/running/qemu.mdwn +++ b/hurd/running/qemu.mdwn @@ -95,21 +95,7 @@ Check that the kvm module is loaded: More info on kvm at: http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/FAQ -If your machine supports hardware acceleration, you should really use the kvm variant of qemu, as it speeds things quite a lot. Note however that kvm tends to make assumptions when accelerating things in the linux kernel, you may need some -no-kvm-something option. At the moment in Debian you need to pass - - -no-kvm-irqchip - -to the command line, see below, if you are running Linux kernels 2.6.37 or 2.6.38 else IRQs may hang sooner or later. The kvm irq problems will be solved in kernel 2.6.39. - -IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2012-08-29: - - <braunr> youpi: do you remember which linux versions require the - -no-kvm-irqchip option ? - <braunr> your page indicates 2.6.37-38, but i'm seeing weird things on - 2.6.32 - <braunr> looks like a good thing to use that option all the time actually - <gnu_srs> seems like kvm -h says: -no-kvm-irqchip and man kvm says: - -machine kernel_irqchip=off +If your machine supports hardware acceleration, you should really use the kvm variant of qemu, as it speeds things quite a lot. # HAP/EPT/NPT acceleration diff --git a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn index e50ea0d5..7b6cad67 100644 --- a/hurd/subhurd.mdwn +++ b/hurd/subhurd.mdwn @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014 Free Software -Foundation, Inc."]] +[[!meta copyright="Copyright © 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016 Free +Software Foundation, Inc."]] [[!meta license="""[[!toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[!toggleable id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this @@ -19,7 +19,8 @@ attach to them with gdb from the parent when the instance of gdb stops the server but requires its use. (Note: it is possible to use [[debugging/gdb/noninvasive_debugging]], but this is less flexible.) Vice versa, it is also possible to use a subhurd to debug the -*main* Hurd system, for example, the latter's root file system. +*main* Hurd system, for example, the latter's root file system, but that +requires a privileged subhurd. [[!toc levels=2]] @@ -37,10 +38,12 @@ The system for the subhurd is a normal Hurd installation, which could just as well run standalone. You can use any of the various possible installation methods, or reuse an existing installation if you already have several. If using [[Debian_GNU/Hurd|running/debian]], the easiest is probably to use -[[running/debian/crosshurd]], which you can run directly from your main Hurd to -set up another Hurd on a different partition, without ever rebooting. (You can -run the `native-install` step from a chroot or already in a subhurd.) +debootstrap as root: + mke2fs /dev/hd0s6 + settrans -ca mnt /hurd/ext2fs /dev/hd0s6 + debootstrap sid mnt/ http://httpredir.debian.org/debian + settrans -fga mnt ### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-09-15 @@ -60,53 +63,40 @@ run the `native-install` step from a chroot or already in a subhurd.) ## Booting -To boot the subhurd, you need a boot script. For historical reasons, usually -`/boot/servers.boot` is used. (Originally, this was also used to boot the main -Hurd, using "serverboot". Nowadays, this isn't used for the main boot anymore, -as GRUB can directly load all the necessary modules.) +If you are using a recent version of the Hurd (>= 0.9), then you can +simply boot the subhurd as an unprivileged user by issuing -However, the canonical `/boot/servers.boot` file is no longer distributed with -[[Debian_GNU/Hurd|running/debian]]. Here is a slightly adopted version: + boot /dev/hd0s6 - # Boot script file for booting GNU Hurd. Each line specifies a file to be - # loaded by the boot loader (the first word), and actions to be done with it. - - # First, the bootstrap filesystem. It needs several ports as arguments, - # as well as the user flags from the boot loader. - /hurd/ext2fs.static --bootflags=${boot-args} --host-priv-port=${host-port} --device-master-port=${device-port} --exec-server-task=${exec-task} -Tdevice ${root-device} $(task-create) $(task-resume) - - # Now the exec server; to load the dynamically-linked exec server program, - # we have the boot loader in fact load and run ld.so, which in turn - # loads and runs /hurd/exec. This task is created, and its task port saved - # in ${exec-task} to be passed to the fs above, but it is left suspended; - # the fs will resume the exec task once it is ready. - /lib/ld.so.1 /hurd/exec $(exec-task=task-create) - - ## default pager - #/dev/sd0b $(add-paging-file) - -/!\ It's very important not to introduce spurious line breaks, so be very -careful when copying! All the options following `ext2fs.static` have to be on -a single line. - -Now actually booting the subhurd is a simple matter of issuing (as root): - - boot servers.boot /dev/hd0s6 - -(Replace `hd0s6` by the name of your partition for the subhurd.) +(Replace `hd0s6` by the name of your partition or backing file for the subhurd.) /!\ The partition must be unmounted (or mounted read-only) before you boot from it! -(In theory it shouldn't be neccessary to run the subhurd as user `root`, but in -practice [that doesn't work at the -moment](http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?17341).) +## Networking You can provide the subhurd with a network card by passing a `-f` option to `boot`. For instance, if you have a second network card `/dev/eth1` in your host hurd, pass `-f eth0=/dev/eth1` to make it appear as device eth0 in the subhurd. +If you don't have a second network card, you can setup the eth-multiplexer +to share one network card. To do so, install the multiplexer + + settrans -c /dev/eth0m /hurd/eth-multiplexer --interface=/dev/eth0 + +Then configure your main Hurd system to use a virtual network +interface (e.g. `/dev/eth0m/0`) instead. On Debian/Hurd, this can be +accomplished using + + ifdown /dev/eth0 + sed -i -e s#/dev/eth0#/dev/eth0m/0# /etc/network/interfaces + ifup /dev/eth0m/0 + +You can now pass `-f eth0=/dev/eth0m/1` to `boot`. + +## Booting and shutting down + Now the subhurd should boot just like a normal Hurd started directly from GRUB, finally presenting a login prompt. The `boot` program serves as proxy for the subhurd, so you can control it from the terminal where you issued the boot @@ -114,16 +104,16 @@ command. To exit the subhurd, issue `halt` or `reboot`. This should exit it cleanly, but for some reason it doesn't always work; sometimes it will output various -errors and then hang. If that happens, you need to kill the subhurd processes -manually from a different terminal. - +errors and then hang. If that happens, you need to kill the `boot` process +manually from a different terminal. If the `boot` process dies, the +proc server will kill all tasks belonging to the Subhurd. ## Using In the subhurd, you can do basically all the same things as in the main Hurd. You can even set up networking: Just invoke `settrans` on the -`/servers/socket/2` as usual inside the subhurd, only using a different local +`/servers/socket/2` as usual inside the subhurd, using `/dev/eth0`, only using a different local IP than in the main Hurd. This way, the subhurd will be able to communicate to the outside world with its own IP -- allowing for example to do `apt-get` inside the subhurd, or to `ssh` directly into the subhurd. @@ -132,7 +122,7 @@ If you want to access the subhurd processes from the outside, e.g. for [[debugging_purposes|debugging/subhurd]] (or to get rid of a subhurd that didn't exit cleanly...), you need to find out how main Hurd [[PID]]s correspond to subhurd processes: the subhurd processes appear in the main Hurd (e.g. if doing -`ps -e`) as unknown processes, and vice versa, but the [[PID]]s are different! To +`ps -e`) as unknown processes, but the [[PID]]s are different! To find out which process is which, you can simply compare the order -- while the numbers are different, the order should usually match. Often it also helps to look at the number of threads (e.g. using `ps -l`), as many servers have very @@ -510,6 +500,8 @@ Roland's tutorial about [[running_a_subhurd]]. <a name="debugging_main_hurd_system"></a> ## Debugging the *Main* Hurd System +Note: This only works with privileged subhurds. + A subhurd can be used for debugging the *main* Hurd system. This works as long as the subhurd doesn't use any services provided by the main Hurd. For example, if you already have a subhurd running at the time it happens, you can diff --git a/hurd/translator/mtab/discussion.mdwn b/hurd/translator/mtab/discussion.mdwn index 715884ce..952c0825 100644 --- a/hurd/translator/mtab/discussion.mdwn +++ b/hurd/translator/mtab/discussion.mdwn @@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ In context of [[open_issues/mig_portable_rpc_declarations]]. <youpi> ok <braunr> only send-once rights have their own names <teythoon> btw, I'll push my work to darnassus from now on, - e.g. http://darnassus.sceen.net/gitweb/?p=teythoon/hurd.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/feature-mtab-translator-v3-wip + e.g. http://darnassus.sceen.net/cgit/?p=teythoon/hurd.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/feature-mtab-translator-v3-wip ### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2013-11-20 @@ -2518,7 +2518,7 @@ Fixed in 2013-10-05 procfs commit c87688a05a8b49479ee10127470cc60acebead4a? <braunr> push that work in a branch somewhere for review please <teythoon> right, thanks <teythoon> braunr: - http://darnassus.sceen.net/gitweb/teythoon/hurd.git/shortlog/refs/heads/feature-translatorslist-detect-passive-translators + http://darnassus.sceen.net/cgit/teythoon/hurd.git/shortlog/refs/heads/feature-translatorslist-detect-passive-translators ### IRC, freenode, #hurd, 2014-01-04 @@ -2539,7 +2539,7 @@ Fixed in 2013-10-05 procfs commit c87688a05a8b49479ee10127470cc60acebead4a? <braunr> ! <braunr> where are they again ? <teythoon> - http://darnassus.sceen.net/gitweb/teythoon/hurd.git/shortlog/refs/heads/feature-translatorslist-detect-passive-translators + http://darnassus.sceen.net/cgit/teythoon/hurd.git/shortlog/refs/heads/feature-translatorslist-detect-passive-translators <braunr> ok <teythoon> they are reasonably straight-forward <teythoon> but cause this funny issue, after the first reboot with the |