Unify perhaps a thousand paragraphs stating what *the Hurd* is.

Hurd/TheGnuHurd -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd
hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking
Hurd/HurdNames, hurd-name.html -> hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name
Etc.

4 files changed, 112 insertions, 10 deletions

diff --git a/hurd/documentation.mdwn b/hurd/documentation.mdwn
index 4d431b0b..83fb9f0a 100644
--- a/hurd/documentation.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/documentation.mdwn
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
 is included in the section entitled
 [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
 
+  * [[What_Is_the_GNU_Hurd]]
+
   * [[FAQ]]
 
   * <http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/docs.html>
diff --git a/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.mdwn b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b125fc48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+[[meta title="What Is the GNU Hurd?"]]
+
+The Hurd is the GNU project's replacement for the [[Unix]] kernel.
+
+The Hurd is firstly a collection of protocols formalizing how different
+components may interact.  The protocols are designed to reduce the mutual
+[[trust]] requirements of the actors thereby permitting a more
+[[extensible|extensibility]] system.  These include interface definitions to
+manipulate files and directories and to resolve path names.  This allows any
+process to implement a file system.  The only requirement is that it have
+access to its backing store and that the [[principal]] that started it own the
+file system node to which it connects.
+
+The Hurd is also a set of servers that implement these protocols.
+They include file systems, network protocols and authentication.
+The servers run on top of the [[microkernel/Mach]] [[microkernel]] and use
+Mach's [[microkernel/mach/IPC]] mechanism to transfer information.
+
+The Hurd supplies the last major software component needed for a complete
+[[GNU_operating_system|running/gnu]] as originally conceived by Richard
+M. Stallman (RMS) in 1983.  The GNU vision directly drove the creation and has
+guided the evolution of the [Free Software Foundation](http://fsf.org/), the
+organization that is the home of the [GNU project](http://gnu.org/gnu/).
+
+The Hurd development effort is a somewhat separate project from the
+[[Debian_GNU/Hurd|hurd/running/debian]] port.
+
+
+Read about what the GNU Hurd is [[gramatically_speaking]].
+
+Read about the [[origin_of_the_name]].
diff --git a/hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking.mdwn
index 7aa3edac..d5322693 100644
--- a/hurd/faq/gramatically_speaking.mdwn
+++ b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/gramatically_speaking.mdwn
@@ -9,19 +9,25 @@ Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
 is included in the section entitled
 [[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
 
-[[meta title="Grammatically speaking, what is the Hurd?"]]
+[[meta title="Grammatically speaking..."]]
 
-*Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of [[Unix]]-Replacing Daemons*.  *Hird*, in
-turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*.
+> *Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of [[Unix]]-Replacing Daemons*.
+> *Hird*, in turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*.
 
-We treat *Hurd* as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires an
-article, as in *the Hurd*.  For instance: *The ext2 filesystem is provided by
-the Hurd, not by Mach.*  Note that all of the following are incorrect: *Hurd*,
-*HURD*, *The HURD*, and *the hurd*.
+The Hurd has its share of linguistic debate.  The subject of proper usage comes
+up quite often.
 
-We write *the GNU Hurd* instead of *the Hurd* when we want to emphasize that
-the Hurd is a GNU package.  Once this has been made clear, we usually use the
-shorter form, without *GNU*.
+Although [[Thomas_Bushnell_states|origin_of_the_name]] that the word *Hurd* is
+an acronym; we do not treat it as such, but rather as a concrete noun.  We
+treat *Hurd* as a title rather than as a proper name: it requires an article,
+as in *the Hurd*.  For instance: *The ext2 filesystem is provided by the Hurd,
+not by Mach.* Note that all of the following are incorrect: *Hurd*, *HURD*,
+*H.U.R.D.*, *The HURD*, and *the hurd*.
+
+Since the Hurd is part of the GNU Project, we also refer to it as *GNU Hurd*
+which is treated as a proper noun.  We write *the GNU Hurd* instead of *the
+Hurd* when we want to emphasize that the Hurd is a GNU package.  Once this has
+been made clear, we usually use the shorter form, without *GNU*.
 
 The whole operating system includes not only the kernel and the system servers,
 but also many more programs.  This system is called *GNU*, or *the GNU
@@ -40,3 +46,7 @@ singular, capitalized as in English.
 When we are referring to the microkernel, we say *Mach* and use it as a proper
 noun.  For example: *Mach uses the device drivers found in version 2.0.x of
 Linux.*  We sometimes say *the Mach microkernel* instead of just *Mach*.
+
+
+To pronounce the word *Hurd*, you should say the English word *herd*.  This is
+pronounced as *hɚd* using the International Phonetic Alphabet.
diff --git a/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name.mdwn b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name.mdwn
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..677f100d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hurd/what_is_the_gnu_hurd/origin_of_the_name.mdwn
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+[[meta copyright="Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008
+Free Software Foundation, Inc."]]
+
+[[meta license="""[[toggle id="license" text="GFDL 1.2+"]][[toggleable
+id="license" text="Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
+document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or
+any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant
+Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license
+is included in the section entitled
+[[GNU_Free_Documentation_License|/fdl]]."]]"""]]
+
+[[meta title="Origin of the Name"]]
+
+<!-- TODO.  Source?  -->
+
+According to Thomas Bushnell, the primary architect of the Hurd:
+
+> *Hurd*, as an acronym, stands for *Hird of [[Unix]]-Replacing Daemons*.
+> *Hird*, in turn, stands for *Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth*.
+
+> We have here, to my knowledge, the first software to be named by a pair of
+> mutually recursive acronyms.
+
+[Quoting](http://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/help-hurd/2002-10/msg00099.html)
+him further:
+
+> The name *Hurd* was invented by me, as an alternate spelling for the English
+> word *herd*.  *Hird* is just another alternate spelling for the same word.
+> By the [[normal_rules_of_English_orthography|gramatically_speaking]], they
+> all have the same pronunciations.
+
+
+---
+
+<!-- TODO.  Source?  Or remove? -->
+
+In other contexts:
+
+One contributor from Norway described two other uses of Hird.
+
+  * "the kings men", a name given to the men accompanying the Norwegian kings at about 
+    year 1000 and on.
+    
+    This was later coined by V. Quisling when he formed a party with
+    nationalistic traits to denote a set of helpers promoting his agenda of
+    national and Nordic ideas.
+
+  * a symbol of collaboration with the (German) enemy used in World War II.